金融危机下对航运企业安全管理的思考

金融危机席卷全球,航运业首当其冲。文中通过对台州辖区航运企业安全管理现状的走访调查,分析了这些企业目前在安全管理上存在的问题,提出了具有建设性的建议和对策,     

海运货物危险性质判定若干问题探讨

文中介绍了海运危险货物监管依据的一些国内外法律和标准,并针对海事部门在打击海运危险货物瞒报过程中遇到的在货物危险性质判定方面存在的若干问题进行了探讨,提出了解决的建议和意见。     

电子海图显示与信息系统开发库的设计与实现

电子海图显示与信息系统(Electronic chart display information system,ECDIS)开发库是各种海上信息系统的重要开发平台.满足国际标准的ECDIS开发库分成6大子功能系统,介绍每个子系统的具体作用.从最具特色的两个关键技术着手,说明了S57电子海图数据的解洋方法和步骤,提出了S52数字表示的符号库实现技术和提高物标符号化速度的查找表数据结构.     

2008年世界船舶市场评述及展望

回顾了2008年世界船舶市场的发展,并对未来一两年的船舶市场进行了预测。2008年上半年船舶行业继续保持快速发展,但受美国金融危机影响,下半年船舶建造市场急速降温,成交缩减,船价开始下滑。未来世界经济发展前景尚不乐观、航运市场运力投放集中,因此,油船、散货船、集装箱船市场短期内仍将维持弱势,但海洋工程装置受影响程度相对较小。     

基于时间不确定的集装箱码头靠泊计划优化

集装箱班轮运输具有较强的计划性,但在实际中,由于天气等原因仍存在运行时间不确定性,对制定靠泊计划产生重要影响.针对这一问题,研究集装箱班轮运行时间的偏差规律;根据问题特点和集装箱班轮靠泊规则,构建基于运行时间不确定的集装箱码头靠泊计划优化模型;设计以遗传算法为外层框架,嵌入仿真过程构成优化循环的算法,针对问题特点设计初始择优策略进行求解.最后,以大连港集装箱码头作业为实际背景进行建模和计算,取得了较好的结果.实例分析和算法测试证明了本文所建模型和算法的有效性.     

引江济淮通航工程与长江连通航道布置

引江济淮工程是兼有供水、航运、生态等开发任务的跨流域、跨省份的战略性重大水资源配置工程。拟选择枞阳闸作为引江口门,并新建1000吨级船闸,作为菜子湖线路与长江连通的口门。核查枞阳小港航道条件,运用数学模型对船闸口门流态进行分析,得出枞阳小港具备开通航线的航道与通航条件。通过设计代表船型、设计航道宽度、水深、弯曲半径,提出连通航道的布置方案及合理的航线方案。     

长江口12.5 m深水航道利用边坡通航的方案

长江口深水航道是大型海船进出上海港主要港区和长江下游主要港口的重要航道。随着大型集装箱、邮轮、散货船在北槽深水航道有限的宽度内通航矛盾日益突出,对深水航道的稳定运行与上海港的日常运营造成极大的影响。在分析长江口现有通航船舶特点及矛盾焦点的基础上,结合长江口航道资源分析,探讨利用长江口深水航道边坡进行超宽船舶交会的可行性及其优势,并提出相关实施措施。该方案是提高长江口12.5 m深水航道资源利用率,贯彻落实供给侧改革,适应"长江经济带"和"一带一路"两个重大国家战略、推进上海国际航运中心建设的有效措施。     

Analysis of the development potential of bulk shipping network on the Yangtze River

In the past decades, a multilayer transshipment network of bulk shipping has been formed along the Yangtze River so as to support the fast development of Chinese iron and steel industry. Yet with the decrease of iron ore trade in China since 2014, the bulk port system on Yangtze River probably will be subject to change in the future. Under this background, this paper aims to analyze the development potential of Yangtze River bulk ports system with a focus on iron ore transshipment. To realize this objective, we firstly sort out the main transshipment patterns of bulk shipping, and optimize the bulk-shipping network with an optimization model. Several scenarios are then proposed and examined in the model by changing corresponding parameters. Cooperation among ports as one scenario is analyzed by applying core theory in cooperative game. Based on the changes of transshipment plans observed under the various scenarios, we finally ascertain the different development potentials of the system, and provide suggestions to the port operators and local maritime authorities.     

Spatial efficiency in the bulk freight market

In the short run, there can be substantial differences in spot freight earnings between geographical regions of the global freight market for bulk carriers. Such differences can be consistent with an efficient market if they are temporary and if they cannot be exploited financially by pursuing chartering strategies that are based on publicly available information. In this paper, we apply a simple optimal switching model to evaluate whether such chartering strategies exist. We model the spot freight rate differential between the Atlantic and Pacific basins as a mean-reverting Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and the entry–exit decision using the discount factor approach, which results in optimal trigger values for the entry/exit from each basin. Our empirical results suggest that the market is spatially efficient during normal freight market conditions when there is a surplus of vessels. The tight market conditions during the 2003–2008 freight market boom caused a persistent upward bias in Atlantic freight rates, but also here we find little added value from pursuing an active switching strategy.     

A reactive container rerouting model for container flow recovery in a hub-and-spoke liner shipping network

This paper focuses on the container rerouting due to a disruption, aims at making the optimal container flow recovery plan for the affected liner shipping company. First, we make the initial effort to bring up with a basic framework of disruption management for liner shipping. Second, we present a compact integer linear programming model for addressing the container rerouting problem under the proposed framework in a hub-and-spoke liner shipping network, based on a given recovery vessel schedule that determines to omit a port of call. Other shipping companies’ services and other modes (roadway, railway, and airline) as candidate alternative means to transport the miss-connected containers are also incorporated in the proposed model. The container flow recovery plan would select the optimal alternative paths for the miss-connected containers balancing the trade-off between container transport costs and delivery delay penalty costs. Finally, a case study from a global liner shipping company is investigated and the computational results indicate the model can be solved effectively and efficiently for the real-scale problem. Thus, the proposed approach in this paper can supply real-time decision support tool for the liner shipping operators on handling the process of container flow recovery.