平陆运河内河段沿线河流水生生态影响识别*

运河开发对区域交通改善和经济发展具有显著促进效应,然而其较大的开发强度和复杂的建设内容所造成的消极环境影响,已经受到越来越多的关注。针对运河水生生态影响的识别问题,通过对平陆运河内河段工程建设内容的分析归类,结合航道整治及航电枢纽建设的生态影响分析,采用类比分析、生态因子识别等方法,提出平陆运河内河段水生生态影响的3类重点评价内容,分析了建设内容对主要生态因子的影响,并从工程设计和生态修复两种维度梳理了水生生态保护措施体系。研究成果可为运河开发建设项目的生态环境影响识别与修复提供参考和借鉴。     

压载水管理——有害水生物的危害及防止

从保护海洋生态环境的长远观点来看,压载水运送有害水生物及病原体引致的危害比其他形式的污染更为严重。概述了其所造成的危害及其管理立法现状,旨在引起人们对这个问题更为深切的关注。     

公路大桥施工期的水污染防治措施

文章针对公路大桥施工的特点,介绍了公路大桥施工对水环境的影响,提出了一些防治水污染的措施。     

解决船舶生物污损问题的国际统一方式

生物污损造成的环境生态破坏问题足近年来海洋环境保护工作者研究的热点问题,船舶的生物污损带来的外来物种入侵问题也引起了国际海事组织(International Maritime Organization,IMO)的高度关注.各成员国将在IMO的组织下为解决船舶生物污损问题制定国际统一的控制措施.通过对船舶牛物污损危害性的介绍,结合国外一些国家对生物污损问题的管理经验,并与压载水公约的立法过程进行对比,分析了IMO可能采取的立法措施,对我国航运业应采取的应对措施提出r意见和建议.     

绿色船舶技术发展趋势

本文简单介绍国际上特别是国际海事组织(IMO)对航运界防止船舶造成水污染和空气污染的发展趋向,探讨绿色(环保)船舶的概念和设计建造要求。     

Small scale retentive structures and Dinophysis

Despite its rarity, Dinophysis acuminata is in terms of economic impact, the first toxic algal species along the coasts of Western Europe. It is observed at low levels (< 20 cell l^− 1) all the year round but toxic events occur mainly in late spring and summer. D. acuminata ecophysiology is largely unknown due to the inability to culture it. Therefore, standard biomass models based on inorganic nutrition are largely inadequate. Presently, any progress in describing the conditions of population growth of this species will be a step forward to prediction of harmful events at the coast. This species has been observed at increased, albeit low cell densities in retentive eddies located in pycnocline layers. A concentration build-up of one species results from the balance between growth and loss processes, one of the latter being dispersal. The scales of interest for a D. acuminata population are of the order of 10 nautical miles on the horizontal and duration of 10 days, for a reported achievable growth rate of 0.6 day^− 1. A three dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical model of the Bay of Biscay has been elaborated to reproduce hydrological structures over the last decade. We attempt here to relate the existence of retentive structures revealed from simulations under realistic forcing conditions and the toxic coastal events recorded in the 10-year time series of the French plankton monitoring network database. The eddies in the coastal area appear to be directly related with the Dinophysis coastal events and they may be a potential effective tool to predict those.     

水产品船船员、鲜销船船员管理历史沿革及现状

文中对水产品船船员、鲜销船船员的历史沿革进行了详细的分析与研究,并对当前这部分船员的管理现状和新政策进行了分析阐述,可为我国船员管理提供有益的参考和借鉴。     

宁波市区三江水上旅游开发探讨

国内外著名滨水城市都十分注重水上旅游项目的开发。宁波市区开发水上旅游,不仅能丰富都市旅游的内容,而且也是展示宁波“东方商埠、时尚水都”都市形象的有效载体。本文通过对宁波市区三江水上旅游开发的条件分析,提出水上旅游应与宁波商帮文化相结合,体现宁波地方特色,并从市场定位、水上旅游线路、游船码头以及配套支持系统等方面提出了具体对策。     

5米以下游船水上旅游活动安全监管研究

随着景区水上旅游业的日益兴盛,水上旅游船舶的监管已成为各海事机构日常监管中的重中之重,文中分析了5米以下船舶监管存在的明显问题,结合当前的发展实际,提出做好顶层设计、细化部门责任、明确治理方式的相关建议。     

Distribution of diatoms in the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland

This study formed part of the Northeast Water project (NEW project) which dealt with physical, geophysical and biological processes in the Northeast Water Polynya off Northeast Greenland. This was part of the International Arctic Polynya Programme (IAPP). The diatom composition of the water masses, sea ice and melt ponds was analysed to show the relationship between ice and the water column near the ice with regard to the origin and fate of the cells in the ice and melt ponds. Fragilariopsis oceanica, Fragiliria sp. I and Chaetoceros socialis usually dominated the phytoplankton, while the ice and melt pond samples showed a wide range of assemblages, with different single-celled pennates and two undescribed species, Navicula sp. 1 and Nitzschia sp. 1 often dominant. Planktonic algae in sea ice can be released into the water column during ice break-up and melt, thus contributing to the spring bloom in the water column, if the timing of the release and the species composition are correct. The number of different ice algal assemblages supports the theory that cells originated from the water column, the benthos and freshwater. In addition, differential growth in the sea ice or melt ponds often altered the relative abundance of species in comparison with what is usually found in their original habitat. However, many of the cells in the ice and melt ponds were dead (empty frustules), making it difficult to determine whether the cells had actually lived in these habitats.