混流泵叶轮轴面流道设计及轴面速度场的求解

基于Ωu=0的二元理论,用Matlab编程实现轴面速度场求解。采用五点四次Bezier曲线绘制混流泵叶轮的轮缘、轮毂轴面流线。轴面流道的进出口边取为垂直于旋转轴线的直线,采用等分进出口边间隔的方法划分准正交线,最后采用等分准正交线绕旋转轴一周所得圆环面积的方法获得了初始轴面流线。采用流线迭代法求解轴面流线,引入松弛因子T,有效地保证了计算的收敛。该方法可提高轴面流道的设计效率,较为精确地求解轴面速度场,为叶轮叶片的快速准确绘型奠定技术基础。     

我国车险费率改革探讨

随着车险业的发展,费率制定存在的问题显现。车险费率改革实在必行。本文从车费率模式及从人费率模式着手,介绍影响费率的因素,已经我国现行车险费率存在的问题并对我国费率制度提出建议。     

同伦迭代法的研究及其应用于机构学问题的求解

通过分析多项式映射同伦函数零点集的特性，提出了一种改进路径跟踪方案的同伦迭代方法，并论证了同伦迭代法求解非线性多项式方程组的可行性和可靠性，说明了该方法解高亏欠度多项式方程组时具有很高的计算效率。给出的机构学问题的数值实例说明了该同伦迭代法的有效性和可靠性。     

Door-to-door travel times in RP departure time choice models: An approximation method using GPS data

A common way to determine values of travel time and schedule delay is to estimate departure time choice models, using stated preference (SP) or revealed preference (RP) data. The latter are used less frequently, mainly because of the difficulties to collect the data required for the model estimation. One main requirement is knowledge of the (expected) travel times for both chosen and unchosen departure time alternatives. As the availability of such data is limited, most RP-based scheduling models only take into account travel times on trip segments rather than door-to-door travel times, or use very rough measures of door-to-door travel times. We show that ignoring the temporal and spatial variation of travel times, and, in particular, the correlation of travel times across links may lead to biased estimates of the value of time (VOT). To approximate door-to-door travel times for which no complete measurement is possible, we develop a method that relates travel times on links with continuous speed measurements to travel times on links where relatively infrequent GPS-based speed measurements are available. We use geographically weighted regression to estimate the location-specific relation between the speeds on these two types of links, which is then used for travel time prediction at different locations, days, and times of the day. This method is not only useful for the approximation of door-to-door travel times in departure time choice models, but is generally relevant for predicting travel times in situations where continuous speed measurements can be enriched with GPS data.     

The impact of route guidance,departure time advice and alternative routes on door-to-door travel time reliability: Two data-driven assessment methods

ABSTRACT

Conventional travel time reliability assessment has evolved from road segments to the route level. However, a connection between origin and destination usually consists of multiple routes, thereby providing the option to choose. Having alternatives can compensate for the deterioration of a single route; therefore, this study assesses the reliability and quality of the aggregate of the route set of an origin-destination (OD) pair. This paper proposes two aggregation methods for analyzing the reliability of travel times on the OD level: 1) an adapted Logsum method and 2) a route choice model. The first method analyzes reliability from a network perspective and the second method is based on the reliability as perceived by a traveler choosing his route from the available alternatives. A case study using detailed data on actual travel times illustrates both methods and shows the impact of having variable departure times and the impact of information strategies on travel time reliability.     

基于TDOA的列车无线定位方法研究

针对目前铁路列车定位普遍存在的只能点式定位、精度不高、大量设立轨旁设备等问题,结合时差定位法(TDOA)定位精度高、抗多径能力强等特点,提出一种基于TDOA的三基站列车无线定位方法。建立列车位置与基站间距离的非线性方程并利用牛顿迭代法求解。仿真结果表明,该定位方法能满足列车定位的需求,牛顿迭代法对误差较大的定位点优化效果明显,较之经典的CHAN算法有更高的定位精度。此外,无线定位方法可提高运营效率、降低运行成本,是一种比较有效的列车定位方法,可为列车定位提供有益的参考。     

Book reviews

THE SEVENTH AUSTRALIAN TRANSPORT RESEARCH FORUM, by K. W. Ogden.

AIRLINE PLANNING: CORPORATE, FINANCIAL AND MARKETING by Nawal K. Taneja. Lexington, Mass., Lexington Books, 1982. 207 pp. (£19.50)

SOLVING LOCAL GOVERNMENT PROBLEMS: PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH IN CITIES AND REGIONS, by Charles E. Pinkus and Anne Dixson. George Allen and Unwin, London, 1981. (Hardback £20.00; paperback £8.95)

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS, edited by N. K. Jaismal. Published by North‐Holland Publishing Company (U.S. $58.50)

TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING HANDBOOK (Second Edition), edited by W. S. Homburger, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1982. Prentice Hall, pp. 883.

ECONOMICS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT, by C. A. Nash. Longman, London, pp. 194. (£6.95).     

空中客车系统的架设分析

空中客车系统是一种新型的交通形式,系统的架设过程有它的独特性。文中根据该系统的力学特点,给出了承重索、轨索的无应力索长和各跨吊杆力的精细算法,并计入了柔索伸长对其自重集度的影响。详细阐述了多跨系统的迭代过程,分析了温度的影响。     

任意Banach空间强伪压缩映射不动点的迭代逼近

利用正规对偶映射的定义，给出了任意Banach空间Lipschitz强伪压缩映射不动点的Ishikawa迭代收敛定理。该定理不仅推广了已知结果，而且还简化了目前相应结果的证明。     

RS乘积码译码算法研究

文章介绍了一种基于梯度算法的Turbo乘积码（以RS码作为分量码）的译码算法。该算法以迭代Chase-Ⅱ算法为基础,利用该算法译码得到的每行（或列）最优判决码D（m-1）来代替竞争码字C,节省了寻找C的过程,从而简化了外信息和软输出的计算。文章以RS（15,11）码为分量码进行了matlab仿真,仿真结果表明：该算法能在基本保持turbo乘积码和Chase算法译码性能基础上,提高译码速度,降低译码复杂度。