SiC功率器件在轨道交通行业中的应用

为解决轨道交通牵引及辅助系统的轻量化等问题,宽禁带半导体器件如SiC器件的应用需求越来越大。SiC材料具有禁带宽度大、击穿场强高、电子饱和漂移速率快等特性,能满足在中大功率、高温、高频条件下工作的应用要求。简述了SiC器件相比传统硅基器件的突出优势及商业化和实验室研发情况,介绍了SiC功率器件在轨道交通行业中的发展现状,同时对其在未来轨道交通装备业的发展提出了建议和展望。     

Fatigue damage estimation in non-linear systems using a combination of Monte Carlo simulation and the First Order Reliability Method

For non-linear systems the estimation of fatigue damage under stochastic loadings can be rather time-consuming. Usually Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is applied, but the coefficient-of-variation (COV) can be large if only a small set of simulations can be done due to otherwise excessive CPU time. The reason is that the fatigue damage estimation is very sensitive to the largest values from the simulations. The paper suggests the additional use of the First Order Reliability Method (FORM) to get a better estimation of the tail in the distribution of the estimated fatigue damage and thereby reducing the COV. For a specific example dealing with stresses in a tendon in a tension leg platform the COV is thereby reduced by a factor of three.     

Towards data-driven car-following models

Car following models have been studied with many diverse approaches for decades. Nowadays, technological advances have significantly improved our traffic data collection capabilities. Conventional car following models rely on mathematical formulas and are derived from traffic flow theory; a property that often makes them more restrictive. On the other hand, data-driven approaches are more flexible and allow the incorporation of additional information to the model; however, they may not provide as much insight into traffic flow theory as the traditional models. In this research, an innovative methodological framework based on a data-driven approach is proposed for the estimation of car-following models, suitable for incorporation into microscopic traffic simulation models. An existing technique, i.e. locally weighted regression (loess), is defined through an optimization problem and is employed in a novel way. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using data collected from a sequence of instrumented vehicles in Naples, Italy. Gipps’ model, one of the most extensively used car-following models, is calibrated against the same data and used as a reference benchmark. Optimization issues are raised in both cases. The obtained results suggest that data-driven car-following models could be a promising research direction.     

Stability of transportation networks under adaptive routing policies

Growing concerns regarding urban congestion, and the recent explosion of mobile devices able to provide real-time information to traffic users have motivated increasing reliance on real-time route guidance for the online management of traffic networks. However, while the theory of traffic equilibria is very well-known, fewer results exist on the stability of such equilibria, especially in the context of adaptive routing policy. In this work, we consider the problem of characterizing the stability properties of traffic equilibria in the context of online adaptive route choice induced by GPS-based decision making. We first extend the recent framework of “Markovian Traffic Equilibria” (MTE), in which users update their route choice at each intersection of the road network based on traffic conditions, to the case of non-equilibrium conditions, while preserving consistency with known existence and uniqueness results on MTE. We then exhibit sufficient conditions on the network topology and the latency functions for those MTEs to be stable in the sense of Lyapunov for a single destination problem. For various more restricted classes of network topologies motivated by the observed properties of travel patterns in the Singapore network, under certain assumptions we prove local exponential stability of the MTE, and derive analytical results on the sensitivity of the characteristic time of convergence to network and traffic parameters. The results proposed in this work are illustrated and validated on synthetic toy problems as well as on the Singapore road network with real demand and traffic data.     

Development of control models for the planning of sustainable transportation systems

Planning of sustainable transportation systems requires integration of multiple systems while considering a holistic approach. A limited amount of research has been conducted that simultaneously considers all the transportation, economic activity, environmental and social effects. The proposed research envisages incorporating considerations related to sustainability and providing solutions to stakeholders in policy making. In this paper, a dynamic model for planning and development of sustainable transportation systems is presented. This is given by a system of three nonlinear differential equations representing the dynamics of the three independent states, namely, transportation, activity, and environmental systems. A policy scenario considering investment in energy efficient technologies and its effects on the states is discussed to assist making investment decisions. Optimal control techniques are used to design the controls. The results show that it is possible to formulate an optimal control to achieve the desired target. Numerical results, based on actual parameters, are presented to illustrate the long-term trends of the states. The methodology discussed in this paper will be helpful to decision makers in making optimal decisions. The contribution of this research work is the introduction of a systems and controls methodology to develop optimal policies for the design of sustainable systems.     

新高等学校会计制度实施对策研究

随着《高等学校会计制度》的实施,高等学校财务制度得以落实,学校的财务管理工作产生重大的改变,高校的会计制度将更加客观合理.本文通过对高校新旧会计制度的比较,分析新会计制度变化要点,针对性地提出实施新制度的对策措施.     

计算机系统差错控制统一编码新方法的初步探讨

本文提出了一种以 S(U,V)阵列为特征的差错控制编码新方法。作者试图借助于集合的组合论来建立具有普遍意义的编码方法。研究结果表明,许多人们熟知的好码,如汉明码、扩展汉明码、戈莱码、一类BCH 码,和一些新码字如异元组合码、复数旋转码、扩展复数旋转码等,都可以很方便地由 S(U,V)阵列在给定的编码约束条件下构造出来。因此,本文所介绍的集合组合论是寻求一种统一编码方法的甚有希望的途径。     

增压器转速和预旋器控制器的闭环控制系统

为为改善涡轮增压民内燃机的匹配性能，研制了一套根据涡轮增压器转速控制预旋器角度的控制器，阐述了其工作原理软、硬件设计，由于采用躲开计算机进行数字化控制，使系统的静动淘ば骺刂频囊蟆?     

主动磁轴承的神经网络辨识研究

简述了主动磁轴承的工作原理及数学模型,在传统系统辨识的基础上提出了基于BP神经网络的非线性辨识方案.通过闭环控制使转子稳定悬浮,并在控制器的输出信号中加入随机噪声,以使系统被充分激励.按照10 kHz的采样频率对磁轴承的I/O数据进行采样,以用于磁轴承特性的辨识.对某单自由度磁轴承的仿真表明,神经网络模型能够以很高的精度逼近磁轴承的输入输出数据,且对不同的输入信号有较好的泛化能力,验证了所提方案的有效性.     

新型的弧焊工艺专家系统——DriAwpes1.0

以ＶＢ ｆｏｒ Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ为环境开发了一个新型的弧焊工艺专家系统。本系统的核心是编制焊缝的工艺件（ＷＰＳ），而在编制了每条焊缝的ＷＰＳ后，可编制施工工艺指导书（ＷＩ），在此基础上，系统的ＣＯＳＴ模块可帮助对焊件的焊接施工的工时１、消耗和成本进行估算。