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21.
W. Fauriat C. Mattrand N. Gayton A. Beakou T. Cembrzynski 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2016,54(5):585-605
When assessing the statistical variability of fatigue loads acting throughout the life of a vehicle, the question of the variability of road roughness naturally arises, as both quantities are strongly related. For car manufacturers, gathering information on the environment in which vehicles evolve is a long and costly but necessary process to adapt their products to durability requirements. In the present paper, a data processing algorithm is proposed in order to estimate the road profiles covered by a given vehicle, from the dynamic responses measured on this vehicle. The algorithm based on Kalman filtering theory aims at solving a so-called inverse problem, in a stochastic framework. It is validated using experimental data obtained from simulations and real measurements. The proposed method is subsequently applied to extract valuable statistical information on road roughness from an existing load characterisation campaign carried out by Renault within one of its markets. 相似文献
22.
《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(12):1797-1816
The railway industry in the UK is currently expanding the use of condition monitoring of railway vehicles. These systems can be used to improve maintenance procedures or could potentially be used to monitor current vehicle running conditions without the use of cost prohibitive sensors. This paper looks at a novel method for the online detection of areas of low adhesion in the wheel/rail contact that cause significant disruption to the running of a network, particularly in the autumn season. The proposed method uses a Kalman–Bucy filter to estimate the creep forces in the wheel–rail contact area; post-processing is then applied to provide information indicative of the actual adhesion level. The algorithm uses data that, in practice, would be available from a set of modest cost inertial sensors mounted on the vehicle bogie and wheel-sets. The efficacy of the approach is demonstrated using simulation data from a nonlinear dynamic model of the vehicle and its track interface. 相似文献
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Poor driving habits such as not using turn signals when changing lanes present a major challenge to advanced driver assistance systems that rely on turn signals. To address this problem, we propose a novel algorithm combining the hidden Markov model (HMM) and Bayesian filtering (BF) techniques to recognize a driver’s lane changing intention. In the HMM component, the grammar definition is inspired by speech recognition models, and the output is a preliminary behavior classification. As for the BF component, the final behavior classification is produced based on the current and preceding outputs of the HMMs. A naturalistic data set is used to train and validate the proposed algorithm. The results reveal that the proposed HMM–BF framework can achieve a recognition accuracy of 93.5% and 90.3% for right and left lane changing, respectively, which is a significant improvement compared with the HMM-only algorithm. The recognition time results show that the proposed algorithm can recognize a behavior correctly at an early stage. 相似文献
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许俊峰 《变流技术与电力牵引》2006,(3):24-32
针对内置式永磁同步电动机传动提出了一种新的无速度传感器控制和转子初始位置估计方法.在内置式永磁同步电动机旋转过程中,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波方法,仅需测量电机定子的电压和电流,便可得到转速和转子位置的估计值.对内置式永磁同步电动机,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的主要困难在于在静止坐标系中其动态模型的复杂性.由于磁路的不对称性,在静止坐标系中建内置式永磁同步电动机的模型比建表面式永磁同步电动机模型更复杂.在无传感器的传动系统中,电机的起动过程是一个问题,因为在起动之前没有任何信息可以获得.转子初始位置估计是在电机静止时,在瞬间对定子绕组施加合适的电压脉冲序列,通过测量峰值电流获得转子位置信息.利用磁饱和效应对凸极性的影响来区分南北磁极.给出基于浮点数字信号处理器TMS320C31平台得到的内置式永磁同步电动机实验结果. 相似文献
25.
离子迁移谱信号数字滤波和谱峰检测技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
离子迁移谱信号处理软件主要完成离子迁移谱谱信号的数字滤波和谱峰检测。本文在分析了波形谱图的去噪、滤波和谱峰检测技术的基础上,提出了防脉冲干扰移动平均值法和最小二乘法相结合的数字滤波方法,并采用增加斜率法谱峰检测技术,通过matlab仿真软件验证了数字滤波效果和谱峰检测准确度。仿真试验的结果在离子迁移谱分析仪的应用中取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
26.
在非线性条件下,扩展Kalman 滤波( EKF)的应用最为广泛。但是,由于它采用了Taylor展开的线性变换来近似非线性模型,因而存在计算量大、实时性差、估计精度低等缺点。粒子滤波( PF)用一些带有权值的随机样本(粒子)来表示所需要的后验概率密度,并通过这些粒子的加权来估计目标运动的状态,从而得到基于物理模型的近似最优数值解,具有精度高、收敛速度快等特点。通过仿真实验将PF与EKF的性能进行了对比,并且研究了噪声协方差与粒子数对PF的影响。 PF与EKF的对比实验结果表明,在强非线性条件下,PF比EKF跟踪精度更高,误差更低。 相似文献
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为研究城市快速路合流区车辆运行规律,基于车辆自然轨迹数据,提出考虑驾驶行为异质性的合流区元胞自动机仿真模型。模型将合流区分为上游区域、合流区域及下游区域,3个区域由11条路段组成。首先,利用Kalman滤波算法对自然轨迹数据进行降噪处理;然后,计算每辆车驾驶行为特征参数并进行K-means聚类分析,结合聚类效果评价指标Silhouette系数将驾驶行为分为:保守-谨慎型、激进-谨慎型、保守-轻率型及激进-轻率型这4种类型;最后,依据分类结果,
建立考虑加速度、随机慢化概率异质性的跟驰模型和考虑换道安全间距、换道决策的多级异质性换道模型。在各空间占有率的情境下,基于Matlab进行数值仿真,统计同质驾驶行为和异质驾驶
行为条件下,合流区域车道的流量、密度、速度、时空位置及换道频率等参数。仿真结果表明:在空间占有率为10%~20%时,同质交通流相比异质交通流更容易产生局部交通拥堵和交通流失效情境,并且同质交通流量峰值比异质交通量小27.1%;随着空间占有率的增加,同质车辆和异质车辆驾驶频率均呈现增加-稳定-下降的趋势,而异质驾驶行为换道频率的极大值比同质交通流高
20.74%。 相似文献
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