大跨度变截面（燕尾段）衬砌台车设计、制造与应用

在地下工程中，单洞变双洞，双洞变单洞，设计一般采用渐变断面在一定的距离进行过渡，故形象称之为“燕尾段”。变截面过渡段衬砌施工，传统的方法是制作特殊拱架，立模浇注混凝土，施工干扰大，生产效率低，质量难以保证。在宜万铁路沙坪隧道施工中，对大跨度变截面“燕尾段”衬砌台车的设计、制造与应用做了有益的探讨，供类似工程参考。     

4250 TEU集装箱船舵空泡试验研究

大型集装箱船航速高,主机功率大,实船航运中半平衡舵上易产生由空泡引起的剥蚀危害。为改善这种状况,在船研所空泡水筒进行了4 250 TEU集装箱船舵空泡试验研究。观察操舵过程中舵空泡产生的情况,探讨降低舵剥蚀的方法,延长舵的有效使用年限。     

网络技术：政府能力提升的有效工具

政府能力体现为政府作用于社会的有效程度。科学技术的发展对于提升政府能力具有重要的促进重要。网络技术的发展为政府能力提升提供了一个有效工具，它直接推动了各国政府网络化、信息化的改造。本通过网络技术在政府组织、公共决策、政府行为、公务人员四个方面的具体应用来说明之，并提出我国政府网络化、信息化改造的政策建议。     

减速顶在大坡度线路上应用展望

分析调车系统中减速顶的特性,根据"减速顶做功是通过内部速度阀板的开闭来实现,调整速度阀板开量及更换速度阀板的支撑弹簧,可以调整减速顶的临界速度"的原理,提出在装车点前后或在轨道衡前后的大坡度线路上,安装减速顶辅助列车制动,以减少土建工程的设想。通过举例分析,得出减速顶能够在站内坡度较大、需要辅助制动的线路上使用的结论。     

浅议间歇式沥青搅拌站烘干滚筒的干燥能力

分析了沥青搅拌站烘干滚筒产量的影响因素以及各因素参数的确定原则,结合生产实际,以4000型间歇式沥青搅拌设备为例,探讨了一种沥青搅拌设备烘干加热系统的干燥能力的估算方法,以期为设备采购方提供设备产能评判参考。     

浅谈大断面管节分段式预制工艺

为满足城市日益扩张的需求,现有市政项目如隧道、地下通道、桥梁等项目都向更深、更宽、更大的方向发展,但同时又带来了针对大型预制构件的交通运输压力。为了解决大断面顶管管节的运输问题,创新性地提出了对预制顶管管节进行分段的构想,到达现场后使用UHPC二次浇筑结构连接后用于顶进施工。湿接法作为国内首次运用于管节连接,其分段式管节的生产及施工工艺可供相关专业人员参考。     

Prohibited–permitted right-turn phasing strategy based on capacity analysis of right-turn movements

In traffic-crowded metropolitan areas, such as Shanghai and Beijing in China, right-turn vehicles that operate with a permitted phase at signalized intersections are normally permitted to filter through large numbers of pedestrians and bicycles. To alleviate such conflicts and improve safety, traffic engineers in Shanghai introduced a prohibited–permitted right-turn operation, adding a subphase to the permitted phase in which right-turns are prohibited. Unfortunately, the prohibited subphase would reduce the capacity of right-turn movements when it prohibits right turns even if there are few pedestrians and bicycles crossing the street. This paper aims at quantifying the impact of both non-vehicular flows and the prohibited subphase on the right-turn capacity, and then proposes a strategy to determine appropriate prohibited–permitted right-turn operation that minimizes the capacity reduction caused by the prohibited subphase. To achieve this goal, we improved the pedestrian and bicycle adjustment factor described in the Highway Capacity Manual by taking into account: (1) the variety in space competition between pedestrians and bicycles, and (2) the effect of two conflict zones in each phase on right-turn operation. In addition, we revised the capacity estimation model in the Highway Capacity Manual, and developed a model based on bicycle/pedestrian volume fluctuation to describe the capacity reduction due to both non-vehicular flows and the prohibited subphase. Furthermore, we proposed a timing strategy for the onset and duration of appropriate prohibited subphase. When bicycle and pedestrian volumes are low, the actuated strategy turns to the permitted phase. When these volumes are moderate, the strategy turns to the prohibited–permitted operation. With the volumes increasing, the prohibited subphase onset advances and duration increases. In these two scenarios, the new strategy has higher right-turn capacity than the current pretimed prohibited–permitted operation. Unfortunately, when bicycle and pedestrian volumes are high, the strategy yields similar right-turn capacity. However, the new prohibited subphase has less potential vehicle–bicycle and vehicle–pedestrian conflicts.     

舟山北部水域大型泊位规划对通航效率影响的仿真模拟研究

远期规划的舟山北部水域大型泊位高达50余个。进港航速低、历时长、乘潮和靠泊时间窗口要求特殊,是大型船舶影响港口通航效率的主要因素。在现状及近、远期港口规划条件下,基于Arena仿真建模方法,构建舟山北部水域大型船舶进出港仿真模型,定量统计分析不同阶段大型泊位规划对船舶通航效率的影响。结果表明:近、远期规划实施后大型船舶流量增加33%和65%,远期规划中黄泽作业区的船舶平均等待时间较现状增加约10.5 h,小洋山作业区和鼠浪湖作业区分别增加约0.5 h和2 h,对通航效率整体影响有限。     

Platoons of connected vehicles can double throughput in urban roads

Intersections are the bottlenecks of the urban road system because an intersection’s capacity is only a fraction of the maximum flows that the roads connecting to the intersection can carry. This capacity can be increased if vehicles cross the intersections in platoons rather than one by one as they do today. Platoon formation is enabled by connected vehicle technology. This paper assesses the potential mobility benefits of platooning. It argues that saturation flow rates, and hence intersection capacity, can be doubled or tripled by platooning. The argument is supported by the analysis of three queuing models and by the simulation of a road network with 16 intersections and 73 links. The queuing analysis and the simulations reveal that a signalized network with fixed time control will support an increase in demand by a factor of (say) two or three if all saturation flows are increased by the same factor, with no change in the control. Furthermore, despite the increased demand vehicles will experience the same delay and travel time. The same scaling improvement is achieved when the fixed time control is replaced by the max pressure adaptive control. Part of the capacity increase can alternatively be used to reduce queue lengths and the associated queuing delay by decreasing the cycle time. Impediments to the control of connected vehicles to achieve platooning at intersections appear to be small.     

小相岭隧道围岩力学状态测试及大变形成因分析

为解决小相岭隧道平导和正洞的围岩大变形问题，采用现场试验的方法对围岩力学状态进行测试，基于实测数据对隧道大变形成因进行分析并提出针对性控制治理对策。结果表明： 1）隧道围岩强度偏低且存在明显的各向异性，初始地应力以水平应力为主，属极高地应力；现场实测结果显示底板处围岩损伤范围明显大于边墙处，推断隧道大变形为底隆变形，这与现场结构变形特征相符。2）隧道大变形的主要原因是下伏缓倾层状软弱岩层、高水平地应力、支护结构不对称等因素，尤其是平导底板的不对称结构对抵抗底隆变形能力较弱。3）在采取平导设置仰拱、正洞打设长锚杆、增大预留变形量、提升结构的刚度及强度等措施后，隧道变形得到了有效控制。