Buckle propagation of damaged SHCC sandwich pipes: Experimental tests and numerical simulation

Sandwich pipe (SP) combining high-strength performance and thermal insulation has been considered an effective solution for oil and gas transportation in ultra-deepwater. Strain hardening cementitious composite (SHCC) is well known for its capacity to withstand both tensile load and external hydrostatic pressure. The sandwich pipe considered in the research is constituted of concentric steel pipes with SHCC annular layer. In the present research work, the SHCC was manufactured, and full scale sandwich pipes were assembled. Intact and damaged specimens were submitted to controlled external pressure in a hyperbaric chamber to obtain the collapse and propagation pressures, respectively. Modeling and simulation of the buckle propagation of the SPs were correlated with the experimental results. The results show that sandwich pipe with SHCC core has an excellent structural strength under high external pressure in both intact and damaged conditions. Moreover, the results also show that the interaction between the annular and the inner/outer pipes provides a significant contribution to the buckling resistance under propagation pressure.     

海上大直径超长HDPE管段沉放工艺

HDPE管段的沉放工艺直接影响管段水下对接的效率以及成功率,是HDPE管段水下安装工程中的重要环节。针对大直径超长HDPE管段的灌水沉放工艺进行系统研究,将理论分析与现场试验相结合,首次提出采用气囊配合牺牲绳控制管段灌水沉放的方法,并得出确定气囊数量的方法与原则,进而提出满足变水深条件下的大直径超长HDPE管的灌水沉放工艺。该工艺已成功应用于沙特吉赞JIGCC取排水工程大直径超长HDPE管段安装工程中,为今后类似工程的建设提供参考。     

唐山港曹妃甸港区围堤工程的施工工艺

通过对唐山港曹妃甸港区化工管线带围堤工程大型充砂袋和软体排施工情况的介绍,研究探讨围堤大型充砂袋和护底部分软体排的施工工艺流程和关键技术,提出充砂袋棱体及软体排材料、制作和铺设的质量控制标准:通过对该围堤施工工艺的经济性分析,总结大型充砂袋围堤的施工经验,为该技术在其他工程中的推广应用提供参考.     

非天然水深大型开敞式码头靠泊时机与乘潮水位的确定

通常乘潮水位的确定,对于码头前沿天然水深满足船舶满载吃水要求的码头是适用的,但对于大型船舶停靠水域属非天然水深大型开敞式码头则不适用。提出以适宜船舶靠离的潮流条件确定船舶靠离泊时机,以此靠泊时机为先决条件,进而确定港池水域、航道设计中所选取的乘潮水位值,并结合工程实例进行了计算、比较。该方法运用于非天然水深大型开敞式码头效果良好。     

Minimum Efficient Scale (MES) and preferred scale of container terminals

The decision on the scale of a port terminal affects the terminal’s managerial, operational and competitive position in all the phases of its life. It also affects competition structures in the port in which the terminal is operating, and has a potential impact on other terminals. Port authorities and terminal operators need to know the scale of the terminal when engaging in concession agreements. In economic theory the scale of a plant/firm is typically defined in relation to the Minimum Efficient Scale (MES), the long-run output where the internal economies of scale are fully exploited. However, there are a number of theoretical and empirical indications that in ports the scale of a terminal is commonly guided by a combination of the MES and other determining factors. The “preferred” scale is the result of a complex interaction between the MES, the port governance framework and objectives, the market size and structure, technological change and operational considerations, physical and geographical limitations, and the business patterns of shipping lines. This study analyses the factors resulting in a preferred container terminal scale that in most of the times is different from the MES. The analysis of the technical, market-related and governance-related factors is supported by theoretical and empirical insights that illustrate the presence of a range of actual ”preferred” scales of terminal concessions that usually are different, below or above, MES.     

海上大型桥梁非通航孔防撞问题研究

结合东海大桥防撞综合体系的研究成果,论述在海上大型桥梁的非通航孔附近设置防撞设施的必要性,以及海上大型桥梁防撞综合体系的构成、主要功能和作用,可为今后我国海上大型桥梁防撞体系的设计提供有价值的参考依据.     

曹妃甸LNG码头建设规模与通航效率的适应性

曹妃甸LNG接收站作为我国北方天然气供应的重要保障主体,冬季高峰期月到港LNG船舶达到8～11艘,按照规划扩建后将成为国内外规模最大的LNG接收站。由于LNG船舶通航的严格监管,到港船舶数量的增加会对航道通航效率造成显著压力,因此需要论证码头建设规模与航道的适应性。在现状定线制通航条件下,基于多智能体仿真建模方法,构建曹妃甸港区LNG船舶进出港全过程仿真模型,定量评估不同LNG码头建设规模对LNG船舶通航效率的影响。结果表明,当LNG泊位数达到4个时,船舶进出港受制约明显,优化航路后能有效提高LNG船舶的通航效率。     

油船吨位的选择与规模报酬理论

理论联系实际地论述了油船吨位的扩大引起收入大比例增加,而单位运输成本随着油船吨位的扩大而减小,然后结合航运实践,指出目前油船吨位的最佳选择。     

弹振对超大型集装箱船疲劳强度的影响

超大型集装箱船在波浪激励下产生的弹振响应使得其疲劳强度问题十分突出。基于三维水弹性理论,结合有限元分析方法计算分析目标船典型节点的应力响应特性。采用双峰谱密度函数的疲劳损伤谱分析理论评估目标船的疲劳强度,通过与刚体理论下的计算结果相对比来分析弹振对目标船的影响。研究结果表明,相比于刚体理论计算结果,考虑弹振效应时目标船的疲劳寿命会极大地降低,甚至可达50%以上。     

大型绞吸船开挖深水航道艉吹装驳工艺

为避免破坏疏浚区水环境,采用大型绞吸船在不炸礁的情况下开挖深水航道岩石,已成为现实。绞吸船通常需对接排泥管线以便将疏浚土吹填成陆域,而在航道中使用绞吸船挖岩在无适合吹距的吹填区时,可采用直接装驳和艉吹装驳两种施工工艺。重点阐述大型绞吸船开挖航道岩石疏浚土处理的新方法,移动艉吹装驳工艺的产生、实施过程的优化改进,并从中梳理、提炼、总结出绞吸船艉吹装驳的输送原理,供类似工程施工借鉴以至推广。