Time-variant ultimate longitudinal strength of corroded bulk carriers

Many bulk carrier losses have been reported of late, and one of the possible causes of such casualties is thought to be the structural failure of aging hulls in rough weather. In aging ships, corrosion and fatigue cracks are the two most important factors affecting structural safety and integrity. This paper uses a set of the time-dependent corrosion wastage models for 23 different member locations/categories of bulk carriers previously developed by the authors, based on the available corrosion measurements for existing large bulk carrier structures. Differences due to the location and corrosion severity of every member type are taken into account. The nominal design corrosion values for the primary members are suggested based on the annualized corrosion rates obtained in the present study. The effect of time-variant corrosion wastage on the ultimate hull girder strength as well as the section moduli is studied. The criteria for repair and maintenance of heavily corroded structural members so as to keep the ultimate longitudinal strength at an acceptable level are discussed. Important insights and conclusions developed are summarized.     

城市快速公交专用道道路线形设计分析

以汽车的动力特性和通过特性为理论依据,根据目前快速公交专用车辆大都采用低地板大型铰接底地板车辆的现状,结合其容量比一般普通公交大得多的特点,对快速公交专用道的道路线形设计进行分析,提出设计方法。     

穿越陡坎地形的偏压黄土隧道大变形时空特征研究

针对黄土隧道开挖这一施工领域中的难题,依托地坑院隧道,对隧道穿越沿线地质地形的施工风险进行分析,同时基于监控量测数据,对典型横断面和纵向段的初期支护变形规律进行研究,得出初期支护沿时空分布的变形特征。分析结果表明: 1)围岩变形持续时间长、变形速率大,有时具有突变性; 2)初期支护横断面收敛不均,纵向变形与断面距掌子面距离直接相关; 3)隧道变形受地形、地下水和施工的影响较大。根据现场围岩大变形规律针对性地制定相关控制措施,研究成果可为现场施工提供技术性指导。     

对绍兴辖区船舶触损桥梁事故的思考

绍兴作为一座历史悠久的城市，以“水乡、桥乡”闻名遐迩。但同时，船舶触碰桥梁事故时有发生，造成了一定的经济损失、人员伤亡和不良的社会影响。文中根据近年来绍兴辖区数起船舶触损桥梁事故，通过分析原因，结合实际情况，把握关键性问题，提出了一些防范措施和解决对策。     

A Practice-Based Coupling of the Precautionary Principle to the Large Marine Ecosystem Fisheries Management Concept with a Policy Orientation: The Northeast United States Continental Shelf as a Case Example

This article addresses interdisciplinary sustainable aspects of fisheries as part of ocean management. Human-caused impacts and their role as modifiers of living marine resources is discussed. The research note also theorizes about contemporary global change and its prospective biological consequences, especially when coupled with human-induced factors in coastal marine waters. Also addressed is the management and ecological aspects of fish stock populations as part of a large marine ecosystem (LME) in the Northeast United States continental shelf of the Atlantic Ocean with suggestions for an interdisciplinary policy orientation paradigm to foster the sustainability of marine life in the sea.     

PARNASSOS与肥大型船的尾部水动力优化

以某肥大型船为研究对象，系列变化其尾部线型，然后利用荷兰MARIN水池开发的粘流计算软件PARNASSOS计算尾部流场，分析粘性阻力和伴流场随线型的变化规律，总结了肥大型船尾部优化时要注意的问题。     

盾构直接切除大直径桩基的试验与工程实践

为研究盾构直接切削大直径桩基的可行性、评价滚刀和切刀的切桩性能、获取盾构切桩的关键掘进控制参数，进行盾构直接切削大直径桩基的模型试验。研究结果表明： 1)盾构切除大直径桩基宜采用“低推进速度，高转速”的磨桩方式，刀盘推进速度建议取3~5 mm/min，刀盘转速建议取1.0~1.2 r/min； 2)滚刀对混凝土的切削效果较好，切刀对钢筋的切削效果较好； 3)混凝土强度越高，滚刀对钢筋的切割效应越好； 4)滚刀切桩时，刀盘轴向振动作用明显，在低推进速度和低转速下，其刀盘的振动小于切刀切桩时刀盘的振动; 5)切刀切桩时，刀盘环向振动强烈，在高推进速度下刀盘易卡顿，提高转速可减少刀盘卡顿。     

大型旅客站房概算编制的探讨

目前国内大型客站的站房工程（含雨棚）多为铁路部门和地方政府合作建设，地方政府一般按一定的比例承担投资。但站房工程包括的具体工程内容和总费用在“113号”文中没有一个明确的界定，因此出资方对各自承担的费用有不同的理解。此文从站房工程的投资构成、定额采用、各项工程费用标准的选用、其他费用计取这几个方面对大型旅客站房概算编制进行初步探讨，列出大型旅客站房概算的编制框架。     

我国加入压载水公约的前景分析和对策

本文介绍了船舶压载水的由来及相关国际公约,就压载水公约产生的影响进行分析,对各领域的前景作了合理的预测。对照公约要求,结合我国实际,从国际与区域管理、国家管理和港口管理三个层面,日常管理和应急管理两个方面,提出应采取的对策措施。     

大风天气下洋山港超大型船舶撤离泊位方法研究

根据洋山港自然、地理条件,运用目前在航道论证方面已经比较成熟的船舶操纵模拟器,有针对性地对大风天气下靠泊超大型船舶安全撤离泊位方法进行了研究;根据所选8000 TEU超大型集装箱船舶的模拟船型撤离泊位进行模拟实验的结果和在对实验数据充分、系统分析的基础上,提出了超大型船舶安全撤离泊位的具体方法,为洋山港超大型集装箱船舶在大风天气下安全撤离泊位提供比较科学的参考依据。