车道偏离预警算法研究

为提高车辆行驶的主动安全性,文章根据车辆偏离速度将TLC算法和FOD算法相结合,针对车道偏离预警系统提出了多模式车道偏离预警算法,并搭建Simulink模型,结合Carsim进行联合仿真实验。仿真结果表明,提出的算法能更好的进行车道偏离预警。     

An impact analysis of traffic image information system on driver travel choice

A driver is one of the main components in a transportation system that influences the effectiveness of any active demand management (ADM) strategies. As such, the understanding on driver behavior and their travel choice is crucial to ensure the successful implementation of ADM strategies in alleviating traffic congestion, especially in city centres. This study aims to investigate the impact of traffic information dissemination via traffic images on driver travel choice and decision. A relationship of driver travel choice with respect to their perceived congestion level is developed by an integrated framework of genetic algorithm–fuzzy logic, being a new attempt in driver behavior modeling. Results show that drivers consider changing their travel choice when the perceived congestion level is medium, in which changing departure time and diverting to alternative roads are two popular choices. If traffic congestion escalates further, drivers are likely to cancel their trip. Shifting to public transport system is the least likely choice for drivers in an auto-dependent city. These findings are important and useful to engineers as they are required to fully understand driver (user) sensitivity to traffic conditions so that relevant active travel demand management strategies could be implemented successfully. In addition, engineers could use the relationships established in this study to predict drivers’ response under various traffic conditions when carrying out modeling and impact studies.     

基于迷宫问题遗传算法的复合材料铺层数量优化

研究使用最少铺层数量,使产品达到性能指标的复合材料铺层优化问题。使用遗传算法,参考迷宫问题的解决方法,保留普通遗传算法的框架,改变求染色体的适应度值的计算过程,找出满足要求的最少铺层数量的解。在求适应度值过程中增加逐位解释环节,以得不同铺层数量的解。在求适应度值过程中增加解码、剔除无效项、对称环节,以满足复合材料铺层角角度离散、铺层角要少于4层连续相同、对称这些常见要求。结合示例,指出将逐位解释范围分段,可以提高计算效率。该方法实现了对复合材料产品的铺层数量和角度的同时优化,可以实现产品的经济性和轻量化。     

基于深度学习网络模型的车辆类型识别方法研究

为了将有效地识别车辆类型用于智慧交通系统,本文在分析Inception V3模型的基础上,提出了一种基于迁移学习理论的车型分类深度学习模型。该模型首先在Inception V3模型的基础上去除最后的全连接层,并加入参数优化层,然后采用Dropout和全局平均池化层。理论分析和试验结果表明,该模型的性能优于基于VGG-16的车型分类模型、基于Xception的车型分类模型和基于Resnet50的车型分类模型,其训练精度优于96.48%、测试精度优于83.86%。     

An integrated programming model for storage management and vehicle scheduling at container terminals

In this paper, we study the optimization of yard operations, which are critical for the terminal efficiency. A linear mixed integer programming (MIP) model is proposed for scheduling different types of equipment and planning the storage strategy in an integrated way. We also investigate a nonlinear mixed integer programming (NLMIP) model to reduce the number of constraints and the computational time. A set of numerical results are carried out for the comparison between the linear model and the nonlinear model. Finally, we propose a genetic algorithm for the MIP model to illustrate how large scale problems can be solved and to show the effect of different factors on the performances of the optimization model.     

机工英语教学中对学习策略培训的探索及尝试

笔者在机工英语教学实践中，根据教学对象和教学内容等要素的特征，结合对已有学习策略研究成果的分析，探索能在课堂教学过程中有效渗透的学习策略培训途径，并进行尝试。结果表明，特定教学情况下在课堂教学中有针对性地培训学习策略，有助于提高教学效率。     

Future electricity demand from battery‐powered vehicles

An important decision faced by airline schedulers is how to adapt the flight schedule and aircraft assignment to unforeseen perturbations in an established schedule. In the face of unforeseen aircraft delays, schedulers have to decide which flights to delay, and when delays become excessive, which to cancel. Current scheduling models deal with simple decision problems of delay or cancellation, but not with both simultaneously. But in practice the optimal decision may involve results from the integration of both flight cancellations and delays. In Part I of this paper, a quadratic programming model for the integration decision problem is given. The model can formulate the integration of flight cancellations and delays as well as some special cases, such as the ferrying of surplus aircraft and the possibility of swapping different types of aircraft. In this paper, based on the special structure of the model, an effective algorithm is presented, sufficient computational experiments are conducted and some results are reported. These show that we can expect to obtain a sufficiently good solution in terms of reasonable CPU time.     

人机协作系统中车辆轨迹规划与轨迹跟踪控制研究

自动驾驶系统需具备响应驾驶人意图且有效执行驾驶人意图的能力，以解决人机协作系统中存在的人机冲突、人机优势融合等问题。提出决策层“以人为主”、执行层“以机为首”的人机协作关系，构建包含驾驶人意图识别模块、基于意图识别的轨迹规划模块与轨迹跟踪控制模块的人机协作一体化控制系统框架，并重点对轨迹规划模块与轨迹跟踪控制模块开展研究。首先，结合双向长短期记忆神经网络（Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory，Bi-LSTM）与注意力机制模型建立换道轨迹规划模型；在改进人工势场算法中引入模型预测控制并建立避险轨迹规划模型。其次，通过开展驾驶模拟器试验建立换道与避险驾驶行为数据集，为拟人化模型训练和模型参数确定提供支撑。然后，综合考虑车辆状态变量、控制输入与输出以及道路结构参数等约束条件，构建基于最优转向前轮输入的线性时变模型预测轨迹跟踪控制器，实现对规划轨迹的精准跟踪。最后，基于驾驶模拟器搭建人机协作系统硬件在环测试平台，对轨迹规划模块与轨迹跟踪控制模块开展硬件在环测试与验证。结果表明：换道与避险规划轨迹光滑且平稳，轨迹跟踪控制过程中，车辆航向角与前轮转角变化平稳；所构建的轨迹规划与轨迹跟踪控制模块在确保安全性前提下可实现不同场景中的车辆运动控制需求。     

喷射机械手智能控制系统与喷射路径规划设计研究

为提高隧道施工中混凝土喷射的效率与质量,减轻劳动强度并使作业人员远离喷射区域,在机械化操作的基础上,研发喷射机械手智能化控制系统,对智能化控制系统的构成、各子系统的原理与作用进行介绍。喷射机械手智能化控制系统采用全站仪作为测量仪器,采用定位算法计算隧道大地坐标系与湿喷机基坐标系之间的转换关系; 采用三维激光扫描仪获取待喷面的点云空间坐标,计算待喷面的超欠挖信息; 利用机器人学建立喷射机械手运动学模型,设计正解算法与逆解算法计算喷射机械手的空间位姿,并根据目标空间位姿反算喷射机械手各关节运动值的路径规划系统。工程实践结果表明： 智能化喷射控制系统可以对周边环境进行识别,根据识别结果规划喷射路径,并根据不同区域的超欠挖情况动态控制喷射参量。     

人工智能在本体映射中的应用

本体映射被认为是异构信息集成的关键,研究者们提出了很多本体映射的方法,论文主要从三个方面说明人工智能思想在本体映射中的应用。1）基于元素文本相似度计算的方法,往往会借助于自然语言处理技术,对文本进行相关处理。2）本体映射问题本质上是一个二元分类问题,可以借助于机器学习的方法提高本体映射的质量。3）利用聚类算法将本体分块,从而将大规模本体映射任务划分成若干个子任务,有效地解决了大规模本体映射的挑战。