液压油缸的承载力

本文用压溃理论分析计算液压油缸的承载力,综合考虑了油缸本身初弯曲、受载偏心、活塞杆和缸筒的非刚性连接、铰支承摩擦、自重以及中间支承偏心等因素对油缸承载力的影响,并用实验对理论分析进行了验证,得到了较好的结果。     

Controlled pipeline lateral buckling by reeling induced curvature imperfections

Expansion of pipelines installed on the sea floor due to the passage of high temperature and pressure hydrocarbons leads to lateral buckling. Interaction with a frictional sea floor can result in localization of such buckles, which must be controlled to ensure that the local bending is within acceptable limits. Periodic geometric imperfections introduced to a pipeline installed by reeling using the Residual Curvature Method are modeled and their effectiveness as expansion loops is evaluated. The imperfections are generated by allowing chosen lengths of the line to retain a small curvature by judicious action at the straightener. The model properly accounts for the complex interactions between geometric and material nonlinearities with frictional forces. It is demonstrated that as the temperature increases, the line can buckle in a snap-through manner, or can grow stably usually causing plastic deformation in its crest. The behavior is governed by the length, curvature, amplitude and periodicity of the imperfection, and by the lateral and axial frictional forces that develop. The effect of each of these variables is studied parametrically. Overall, the Residual Curvature Method is found to be a viable and effective method of controlling lateral buckling. The results provide guidance on the optimal periodicity, how to avoid snap-through buckling, and how to simultaneously minimize plastic bending.     

自升式平台桩靴强度分析

合理的桩靴设计是立插桩式海洋自升式平台在海上安全工作的关键因素之一。以某自升式海洋平台桩靴为研究对象,利用规范和SACS软件对桩靴结构设计进行强度校核和屈曲强度分析,并对桩靴的承载力和计算方法进行研究。     

小径厚比深水管道的压溃屈曲研究

深水管道所处的特殊海洋环境极易导致其发生压溃屈曲破坏.通过深入分析不同径厚比深水管道的压溃屈曲特点,并对具有不同径厚比及初始椭圆度的深水管道模型进行了压溃屈曲及后屈曲行为的计算分析.研究发现,压溃屈曲的经典理论公式并不适用于小径厚比深水管道.文章基于经典理论和数值模拟结果,得到了适用于小径厚比深水管道压溃屈曲分析的临界压力修正公式,进而对小径厚比深水管道的压溃屈曲评估提供理论支撑和工程推荐.     

桁材开孔腹板的线性屈曲强度分析

船体在总纵弯曲时甲板纵桁和船底纵桁承受较大的轴向压力,而在桁材腹板上开孔会影响其腹板的屈曲强度.针对这一问题,应用有限元屈曲特征值分析方法对受轴向压力开孔腹板的屈曲载荷进行计算.通过对计算结果的分析,对开孔尺寸和开孔位置对腹板屈曲强度影响的规律进行了归纳,并对腰圆孔和圆孔对腹板屈曲的影响程度做出了比较,对船体结构中腹板开孔尺寸及位置提出了一些建议.     

双碑嘉陵江大桥非线性稳定分析

为保证双碑嘉陵江大桥结构的安全,对该桥进行非线性稳定分析。采用ANSYS建立全桥有限元模型,考虑梁柱、大位移、斜拉索垂度等几何非线性因素,采用弹塑性分析中的各向同性强化模型考虑材料非线性,材料本构关系选用双折线模型。分析结果表明:该桥的稳定性满足规范要求,考虑几何非线性的结构稳定安全系数和仅考虑线弹性的结构稳定安全系数差别不大;考虑材料非线性的结构稳定安全系数大概是仅考虑线弹性的结构稳定安全系数的0.4倍左右;考虑几何与材料双重非线性的结构稳定安全系数是仅考虑线弹性的结构稳定安全系数的0.3倍左右。建议非线性稳定的安全系数参考结构丧失承载能力的安全系数的计算方法。     

余弦载荷作用下圆锥壳的动力屈曲研究

本文采用数值方法对圆锥壳在余弦载荷作用下的动力屈曲问题进行了探讨.利用非线性几何方程建立了锥壳的基本动力屈曲方程.采用级数展开和伽辽金法等方法对方程进行了简化,使之成为常微分方程.方程的求解则采用龙格库塔法,最后给出临界冲击载荷值.     

VLOC横撑材结构的屈曲评估及设计参数影响分析

以某超大型矿砂船(Very Large Ore Carrier, VLOC)为例,基于中国船级社(CCS)《矿砂船船体结构强度直接计算指南》和《矿砂船船体结构高级屈曲评估指南》,对VLOC边舱内强框架上典型横撑材结构的柱屈曲、扭转屈曲和组合扭转/柱屈曲强度进行计算分析。针对VLOC横撑材结构的受力特点,通过几种截面形状的比较和对水平桁宽度、面板偏心等相关设计参数的影响分析,对于改善VLOC横撑材截面形状设计和材料选用给出一些指导性的建议。     

Snap behaviour in the upheaval buckling of subsea pipelines under topographic step imperfection

Pipelines exposed to high temperature and high pressure with a topographic step imperfection are susceptible to the phenomenon of upheaval buckling potentially leading to a hazard for the structural integrity of the pipeline. To analyse this problem we derive analytical upheaval buckling solutions and obtain the locations of maximum displacement and maximum axial compressive stress. We also analyse the typical post-buckling behaviour and its dependence on step height, axial soil resistance and wall thickness. The difference in behaviour between a pipeline with step imperfection and one with a symmetric prop imperfection is discussed. Our results show that a pipeline with a step imperfection is more prone to upheaval buckling than a perfect pipeline. For sufficiently small step heights the pipeline may suffer a snap-back instability under decreasing thermal loading, raising the possibility of hysteretic snap behaviour under cyclic thermal loading (for instance caused by periodic start-ups and shut-downs). The snap-back buckling disappears for large enough step height and the minimum critical temperature difference decreases with increasing step height and wall thickness or with decreasing axial soil resistance. The maximum compressive stress decreases with increasing step height and axial soil resistance or with decreasing wall thickness. A pipeline with step imperfection is safer than one with a symmetric prop imperfection.     

大跨度拱形网架外扩拔杆组接力转换提升施工技术研究

在网架工程施工中,经常会遇到因提升就位空间受限,不能按常规工艺施工的问题。本文针对此问题,以哈尔滨至牡丹江铁路客运专线牡丹江站侧式站房网架工程为例,提出了独脚拔杆群外扩拼装提升施工技术;重点阐述了拔杆结构设计、提升系统的布置、外扩拼装、同步控制及体系转换等关键技术;阐明了该技术在特殊网架施工中的技术特点、应用优势;工程实践表明,该技术方案合理、安全可靠、使用设备简单,施工成本低,对类似工程施工具有借鉴意义。