基于最优加权Steiner树的枢纽型物流中心选址问题

为了满足近年来物流运输业快速发展的需要,促进物流中转运输网络的合理化建设,研究了枢纽型物流中心的功能和选址原则,详细分析了影响枢纽型物流中心选址的各种因素,提出了基于结点带权的欧氏Steiner最优树的枢纽型物流中心选址方案.针对该方案设计了相应的智能优化算法,并进行了具体的程序实现.借助该方案不仅可以使总的运输成本最小,而且能够在无需事先确定备选点的数量和位置的情况下实现同时确定枢纽型物流中心的数量及位置的目标.最后以长三角地区枢纽型物流中心的建设问题为背景,对各种数据进行了仔细的分析比较,从中确定若干区域作为物流服务需求点集,并将各种因素的综合效用作为物流需求点的权值,对上述算法进行了有效性验证.     

钢桁梁悬索桥承载能力的静载试验评估分析

早期修建的小跨径钢桁梁悬索桥目前多已接近设计年限,正确评估其承载能力是桥梁维修、加固和技术改造的基本依据,也是桥梁管理的重要内容。文中介绍了桥梁承载能力评估的静载试验方法,分析了中美两国桥梁评估规范的异同;同时结合泸定县城南大桥的实例,在计算分析现场检测资料和静载试验结果的基础上评估其承载能力状况,并提出了恢复承载能力的加固措施和建议。     

动力湿化作用下粗粒土高路堤渗流场时空演化模型试验

为了研究动力湿化作用下渗流水在粗粒土高路堤内的迁移特性,自主研发设计制作一种室内喷洒降雨装置及车辆动力荷载模拟装置,开展动力湿化作用下粗粒土高路堤渗流场时空演化模型试验,从时间和空间2个角度描述渗流水在路堤内的迁移特性,然后根据模型试验结果,建立粗粒土渗流场时空演化机制,揭示动力湿化作用下的粗粒土高路堤边坡渐变失稳发育机理。研究结果表明：基于相似理论,开展粗粒土高路堤渗流场时空演化模型试验可以较为真实地反映粗粒土高路堤在动力湿化作用下渗流水的迁移特性;动力湿化作用下,湿润锋首先在路堤边坡表面形成,并逐渐从边坡表面向内部拓展,在坡顶处的拓展速率较小,坡脚处的拓展速率较大;受湿润锋演变规律的影响,路堤边坡监测点负孔隙水压力逐渐减小,体积含水率逐渐增大,坡前应力逐渐增加,位于坡脚浅层区域的应力增加速度较快;依据渗流水的迁移规律,将渗流影响范围内的土体自上而下分为浅层暂态饱和区、渗流水填充区及渗流水湿润区;在动力湿化作用下,粗粒土高路堤边坡将逐渐产生沿坡脚深层滑移的渐变趋势。     

Impact of an electrified parkade on the built environment: An unsupervised learning approach

Proposed legislation in British Columbia would require 30 percent of new car sales to be zero-emission vehicles by 2030, and 100 percent by 2040. The growing amount of energy demand and usage data from smart meters or internet of things (IoT) devices enables new research areas. We reporton machine learning approaches to reevaluate the impacts of battery electric vehicles (BEV) on the built environment. We developed a daily power profile analysis based on unsupervised learning, to understand the underlying structure of building and BEV charging station demand data. In addition, we have implemented a load aggregation method based on the features revealed by a clustering process. This aggregation method simulates the electricity demand of an arbitrary number of charging stations, all of which are connected to the main feeder of a building. Several scenarios are simulated using charging stations and building demand data from the University of British Columbia campus in Vancouver. Results for 150 charging stations revealed that the feeder load could increase from a peak load scenario of 300 kW to more than 1000 kW during a high-consumption weekday.     

200 kN·m扭矩标准装置技术研究

以200kN·m扭矩标准装置的技术设计为主线,介绍大扭矩刀口支承静重式标准装置的原理、结构、功能,以及装置的主要技术设计方案和整机测量不确定度情况。200 kN·m大扭矩标准装置的研发成功为我国高准确度大扭矩量值传递提供了技术手段,促进了产品大扭矩参数量传工作在全国范围内的深入开展。     

Vulnerability of Coastal Resort Cities to Mean Sea Level Rise in the Mexican Caribbean

We evaluated the potential economic impacts of increasing sea level rise (SLR) along the Mexican Caribbean where there are major gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling flooding duration and frequency associated to future ecological and economic impacts. We determined the negative economic impact of SLR on infrastructure in the largest urban centers (Cancun, Isla Mujeres, Playa del Carmen, Puerto Morelos and Cozumel) in the state of Quintana Roo (Mexico) that are considered the largest tourism “hot spots” (resort cities) in the country. The tourism industry in this coastal area injects >8 billion dollars year^?1 to the Mexican economy. Our conservative economic assessment regarding the impact of SLR, under a 1?m scenario for all coastal cities is $330 million USD. Further projections for worst scenarios (SLR >2 m) show a non-linear trend where the cost of inaction can reach up to $1.4 billion USD (2?m SLR scenario) and $2.3 billion USD (3?m SLR scenario). This potential loss of infrastructure, as construction cost, is staggering and represents a robust baseline to start evaluating with more detail future impacts of climate variability and change on the Mexican Caribbean coastline.     

基于公交IC卡信息的城市公交满载率指标计算方法

为减少传统城市公交满载率指标测算过程的人力投入并提高指标计算结果的准确性，利用公交IC卡刷卡信息、公交GPS信息、公交站点信息和公交车辆信息，通过各类信息衔接分析，提出了基于公交IC卡的公交满载率指标计算思路。采用MYSQL搭建分析数据库，通过编程代码自动关联识别和快速分析大数据，计算出城市公交线路的满载率指标值。通过案例分析发现，相比传统公交满载率调查方法，基于公交IC卡信息的公交满载率指标计算能找到更精确的最大客流断面、得出更精确的计算结果，并且运算过程更高效，能有效节约人力，可为同类城市测算城市公交满载率指标、分析城市公交乘客的出行特征提供参考。     

Investigations on the ship-ice impact: Part 1. Experimental methodologies

In the structural design of the Polar Class ships, glancing impact with ice has been considered as the governing load scenario for dimensioning the bow structure. At present, non-linear transient dynamic analysis has been reckoned as a fundamental requirement in the assessment of the structural strength of ships with higher ice classes. Under such requirement, understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the ship-ice impact load appears significant importance. The present study aims to investigate the spatial and temporal variations of the impact loads by simulating the glancing impact events between a polar research vessel and giant ice floes in ice tank. The ship-ice impact loads were recorded by a grid-based tactile sensor attached on the bow area of the model ship. To achieve a reasonable simulation on the design scenario described by the IACS Unified Requirements for Polar Class Ships (UR I), a series of methodological calibration tests were preliminarily carried out to determine the key parameters that should be carefully monitored and controlled, accompanying with thorough discussions on the ship-ice impact process. This paper provides detailed information on the preliminary methodological calibrations and the tactile data processing techniques, including the identification of the ship-ice contact area, the depiction of the ice loading trail and the outline of the spatial distributions of local ice pressures. A companion paper provides detailed analyses and discussions regarding the spatial and temporal variation of the ice impact loads from the formal tests based on the proposed testing procedures obtained by the methodological calibrations.     

双体甲板运输船波浪载荷

以某双体甲板运输船为例,使用DNV船级社的SESAM软件对其波浪载荷进行直接计算分析,并对比分析了采用“规范方法”与“直接计算方法”得到的波浪载荷值。结果表明,该双体甲板运输船属于低速排水型船,其波浪载荷的计算方法与高速双体船差别较大,“规范方法”主要适用于高速双体船及尺度较小的低速双体船。对于船长为60m及以上的低速双体船,采用“直接计算方法”更能准确地计算出其波浪载荷。     

京张高铁GIS地理信息系统构建研究

为更好地服务于智能京张高铁建设,发挥空间地理信息的基础支撑作用,为京张高铁各业务信息系统提供规范的铁路地理信息数据和空间信息服务,实现铁路空间信息资源共享共用。面向铁路应用需求,运用面向对象的空间数据管理、服务式GIS、地图缓存及更新等关键技术,采用"一张图+N服务"的空间信息应用模式,完成铁路、地方多源空间信息的融合,提供京张高铁GIS门户、在线地图、数据管理等服务。京张高铁地理信息平台集成了国家基础地理信息数据、铁路专业公用地理信息数据,形成了面向铁路多业务、多模式的铁路地理信息平台标准体系框架。