舰船动力系统模块化建模方法

在舰船动力系统仿真平台的研究中,建立的系统模型应能够满足实时仿真的要求,同时具有通用性,以提高仿真模型的重复利用率。以某型舰船动力系统为例,研究模块的分类、模块的分解处理等模块化建模方法,建立其模型库并进行仿真验证。该方法克服了传统建模法得到的模型可移植性与独立性较差的缺点,提高了模型的可重用性。     

HYSY161天然气发电机组快速脱扣改造探索

海洋石油161平台发电机组当2台发电机组并联运行而其中1台因紧急故障突然关断时,为避免出现生产关停和安全事故就需要采取保护措施,即快速脱扣,也就是电力系统的自动卸载。提出改造思路及改造方案,使快速脱扣系统成为平台电力系统安全平稳运行的可靠保障。     

“南海挑战”号坞修及主电站国产化方案的技术创新

"南海挑战"号FPS干坞大修过程中成功解决了安全、质量、进度及费用等难题,攻克了满堂承重脚手架搭拆、桩腿修复、驻坞、倾斜试验等难关。介绍坞修工程子项目的流花电站扩容的原油主电站国产化方案,突破了机组倾斜角特殊要求、机组排放新要求、平台空间限制及电站并网等难关。     

水下软刚臂单点系泊研究

针对渤海浅水边际油田开采工程,提出一种可调节系泊臂铰接点高度的水下软刚臂(YOKE)单点系泊方案,无水上系泊塔,将军柱在水下,可根据作业水深调节系泊臂与船艏系泊支架的铰接点,能反复利用。水动力分析、数值计算和模型试验结果显示:数值计算和模型试验数据接近,系泊力和纵荡的误差在合理范围内,表明系泊方案计算合理。     

集装箱码头ERTG能量回馈系统AFE可控整流系统应用

为进一步节能减排,对ERTG加装AFE可控整流系统,实现能量的回馈.介绍集装箱码头ERTG能量回馈系统改造的实施背景和AFE可控整流系统原理.着重介绍能量回馈系统在ERTG上的应用.AFE可控整流系统取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益.     

船舶中压电网高阻接地方式机理研究

高阻接地方式用于船舶中压电网时,对其机理和规律迄今还缺乏定量研究.在对船舶中压电网单相接地故障进行理论分析的基础上,以一个具有励磁电压控制及柴油机调速的单机系统为例,结合Simulink暂态仿真,研究阻抗比、发电机频率偏移、燃弧时刻角以及故障点过渡电阻等对熄弧恢复电压、重燃过电压、中性点位移电压以及故障电流的影响.结果表明：随阻抗比增加,熄弧电压恢复过渡时间越长,恢复电压峰值越大,重燃过电压也越严重;提高阻抗比可减小故障电流,但减小程度逐渐趋缓,还会使重燃过电压增加;发电机频率偏移可能会引起较大的暂态过电压;燃弧时刻对故障电流几乎没有影响.最后给出高阻接地方式的一般配置原则.     

针对舰船直流综合电力系统中低阻抗故障和电力电子设备的保护方案

舰船直流综合电力系统采用了大量的电力电子器件,其保护需求不同于传统的交流电力系统。从系统的角度分析直流综合电力系统短路故障,以及电力电子器件设备的内部故障特点,重点、深入地探讨直流综合电力系统保护需求,得出系统的保护功能与模块内部参数设置密切相关的观点,以及限流、速动等11项保护要求,形成针对系统短路和电力电子设备的保护方案。根据国内外直流断路器、直流限流器等主要直流保护器件的技术现状,进一步提出电力系统保护器件的技术发展需求。     

梁系统计能量分析中传输波的影响

机械系统中激励源传出的波将沿传输路径衰减,并会经由含源子系统边界传递出去,因而只有输入功率的残余部分以混响场的形式消耗在该子系统内。为提高应用统计能量分析法（SEA）计算振动噪声的精度,对上述过程进行深入分析,并以一个简单梁系为例,给出传入该梁系的输入功率的表达式。分析结果表明,传输波对计算结果的影响随着损耗因子的增加而增加。同时,分析将传输波的影响计入诸如舰船这种复杂空间结构的实际可行性。估算结果表明,仅对含源子结构考虑传输波的影响是充分可行的。     

An interdisciplinary study to explore impacts from policies for the introduction of low carbon vehicles

Driven by concerns of climate change, governments across the world are introducing a number of policies to accelerate the uptake of low carbon vehicles (LCVs), with a specific focus on electric motors. However, there is uncertainty in the effectiveness of such policies and technology pathways, which are inherently interlinked. This article considers the short-term situation to 2020 and focuses on the concern that these policies may bring about some disproportionate impacts in society due to changes in mobility. An ethical framework is established that seeks to balance obligations to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and rights to car ownership, then selected policies are modelled within this framework to assess acceptability of implementation. Although these policies are successful in introducing LCVs and reducing GHG emissions, findings also indicate uneven cost burdens and reduced affordability of car ownership. Following this, recommendations for policy amendments and model improvements are made.     

Assessment of energy-saving techniques in direct-current-electrified mass transit systems

Railway rapid transit systems are key stones for the sustainability of mass transit in developed countries. The overwhelming majority of these railway systems are direct-current (DC) electrified and several energy-saving techniques have been proposed in the literature for these systems. The use of regenerative-braking in trains is generally recognised as the main tool to improve the efficiency of DC-electrified mass transit railway systems but the energy recovered in braking cannot always be handled efficiently, above all in low traffic-density situations. Several emerging technologies as energy storage systems or reversible traction substations have the potential for making it possible to efficiently use train-braking. However, a systematic evaluation of their effect is missing in the literature.In this paper, a deep, rigorous and comprehensive study on the factors which affect energy issues in a DC-electrified mass transit railway system is carried out. This study clarifies what the actual potential is for energy saving in each situation. Then, a methodology to asses several energy-saving techniques to improve energy efficiency in DC-electrified mass transit systems is presented, constituting the main contribution of this paper. This methodology has been conceived to help operators in assessing the effect of railway-infrastructure emerging technologies in transit systems, so making it possible to shape planning, capacity, etc. It is stepped out in three basic movements. First of all, a traffic-density scan analysis is conducted in order to clarify the effect of the headway on system behaviour. Secondly, several traffic-density scenarios are simulated for a set of infrastructure-expanded cases. Finally, annual energy saving is evaluated by applying a realistic operation timetable. This methodology has been applied to a case study in Madrid Metro (Spain) to illustrate the steps of its application and the effect of several energy-saving techniques on this specific system. Results confirm that regenerative braking generally leads to an important increase of system energy efficiency – especially at high traffic-density scenarios. It has also been proved that infrastructure improvements can also contribute to energy savings and their contributions are more significant at low traffic densities. Annual energy results have been obtained, which may lead to investment decisions by carrying out an appropriate economic assessment based on cost analysis.The main results of the study presented here are likely to apply to other electric traction systems, at least qualitatively.