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针对企业定额在国内水运工程施工单位企业管理中使用率低、准确率低、编制水平低的问题,进行企业定额发展状况研究,并与国外先进施工企业发展理念进行比较,分析制约企业定额发展的主要因素,提出成立预算管理部门、数据收集注重时效性、实行数据库动态管理等发展企业定额的措施,为充分发挥企业定额的重要作用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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AbstractCatch share programs are used in fisheries management to meet goals such as species recovery, overcapacity reduction, and economic efficiency. Anticipated impacts include fleet consolidation, infrastructure reduction, and social disruption within communities. The Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Social Study (PCGFSS) aims to understand social changes related to the recently implemented West Coast Groundfish Trawl Catch Share Program. In this article, we use a subset of PCGFSS data to explore the ways remaining fishery participants have thus far adapted to catch shares. While some vessels have left the fishery, we found that many participants are adapting to this catch shares program despite challenges. Quota leasing strategies, fishery diversification, gear innovation, and community quota funds are some of the tools participants are using to continue operating under the catch shares program. These early challenges and adaptations to the catch share program are worthy of continued tracking, as researchers, managers, and fishing communities, would benefit by considering first-hand perspectives of the on-the-ground realities of harvesting groundfish in the rationalized fishery. 相似文献
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AbstractThe implementation of catch share programs can have socio-economic and ecological benefits, yet may also change the distribution of those benefits within a fishery or across communities. Quota set-asides can mitigate the impacts of these changes. During the implementation of the West Coast groundfish trawl catch share program, 10% of the quota was set aside to be used toward five goals in the Adaptive Management Program (AMP). This quota was to serve as an insurance policy during the substantial changes that were expected to occur under the new management regime. However, this program has not yet been fully developed, in part due to delayed decision-making and the controversial nature of allocating quota. Here, we examine and score six policy options for the AMP against four criteria: effectiveness, flexibility, political viability, and implementability. While each of the options has strengths and weaknesses, those that ranked highly include allocating quota pounds (QP) via the status quo and via auction. Our results highlight the drawbacks of delaying contentious decisions, where uncertainty for participants can constrain operational decisions and subsequent economic gains. We demonstrate the utility of this decision-making framework for evaluating tradeoffs between alternatives, especially for a program with multiple, competing objectives. 相似文献
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大跨度预应力箱梁预制悬拼施工及定额分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
系统介绍PC梁长线法预制方法,引入短线法的施工概念,详述架桥机悬拼施工工艺。此文重点从台座线型设置、预制工艺、操作细则、悬拼要点及步骤等方面说明其施工技术特点和质量控制措施,施工组织和悬拼定额。 相似文献
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铁路信号防雷事关铁路的行车安全和工作人员的生命安全,意义重大。但是,铁路信号防雷在投资控制方面还存在造价标准不够完善等问题,为此,有必要对信号机房建筑物防雷的信号机房建筑物室外防雷、信号机房屏蔽层防雷、信号机房建筑物综合地网、信号机房电源引入防雷和信号外线防雷等5部分定额的补充编制进行深入的探讨,使铁路信号防雷的投资控制更加规范化和标准化。 相似文献
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陈少甫 《湖北汽车工业学院学报》1994,(2):1-6
广义CAPP是根据工厂实际和信息需求分析提出的一种新概念。文中重点论述了广义CAPP的定义、系统的功能结构、关系模型和工作原理。它的实施不仅可弥补传统CAPP的功能不足之处,而且还可与相关的生产管理,材料管理和成本管理系统提供综合性信息服务,从而达到工厂总体最优化目标。因而它对我国CAPP系统的研究和发展具有一定的意义。 相似文献
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工程量清单在我国铁路建设项目中的应用 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
刘永俊 《铁路工程造价管理》2007,22(6):32-34
简要介绍在铁路建设项目中推广工程量清单的意义;阐述工程量清单计价与定额计价之间的关系;分析在施工单价承包、施工总价承包及工程总承包三种方式下工程量清单的作用;对工程的承包模式、评标办法、施工企业管理水平等问题进行了讨论。 相似文献