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171.
介绍了基于油液分析、表面形貌分析、柴油机性能参数分析等多技术综合分析方法的柴油机磨合状态检测系统的设计与实现技术,该系统的应用不仅可以掌握柴油机磨合的进程,而且能够为磨合程序的优化提供依据. 相似文献
172.
孙化栋 《青岛远洋船员学院学报》2012,(3):26-29
本文首先介绍了IMO NOx排放规则,指出SCR技术是目前最有效的应对措施。在介绍SCR系统基本组成及工作原理的基础上,讨论了目前此领域的两个研究热点:在重质燃油的使用条件下和二冲程柴油机使用条件下的SCR系统所面临的问题。 相似文献
173.
N. J. Stevenson 《Coastal management》2013,41(4):425-435
Associated with the rapid increase in the production of cultured marine shrimp has been large‐scale conversion of mangroves to shrimp ponds. Production in many regions has proved to be unsustainable, largely due to inappropriate construction methods, poor environmental conditions, overstocking, and disease. A number of shrimp ponds consequently are unproductive and lie idle. Accurate assessments of pond disuse are difficult to obtain; however, unofficial estimates have suggested that as many as 70% of ponds may be disused after a period in production. Pond construction, shrimp culture, and pond disuse lead to alterations to the physical and chemical properties of soil, hydrological conditions, and the flora and fauna composition of the pond area. The case for restoration, or rehabilitation to a sustainable use, is strong. Consideration must be given to the causes of production failure, the environmental conditions remaining following disuse, the needs and preferences of pond owners and coastal managers, and technical constraints. 相似文献
174.
175.
提出了一种基于MMG和船舶领域的LSP计算模型,以及改进的空间碰撞危险度(space collision risk index,SCRI)/时间碰撞危险度(time collision risk index,TCRI)模型,并进行了计算机仿真.结果表明:水动力模型精度可满足研究与实践要求;基于二分法的LSP模型能快速、可靠收敛;LSP和SCRI/TCRI模型更符合海员通常做法和避碰规则的公认理解. 相似文献
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177.
The coastal zone is attractive for human settlement because it tends to be resource rich, providing a good location to generate incomes and livelihoods. Equally, however, it is a complex and powerful natural environment, which means that the coastal zone often becomes a focus of conflict with multiple users competing for limited space and resources. Understanding the causes of, and determining solutions to, the ensuing problems requires inputs from a range of analyses across sectors and disciplines. However, different disciplinary and sectoral approaches frequently use different investigative methods, language, and means of presenting results. This article presents a framework that has been developed in collaboration with Indian institutions over the past three years in an effort to address some of these fundamental problems of analysis and translation into policy action. Key components addressed by the framework are strengthening the capacity to practice, knowing how to proceed and how to find out what needs to be known using experience-based problem solving. 相似文献
178.
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are now generally accepted as important tools in the protection of coastal biodiversity. It is also likely that they play a positive role in enhancing fisheries. Yet currently, less than 1% of the global oceans are protected, although international agreements have targets ranging from 10–30% coverage. Despite its minuscule size, we consider the current MPA “network” to be beneficial to fisheries, and its running or maintenance cost, therefore, to be a positive contribution to the sustainability of fisheries, or a “beneficial” subsidy (“harmful” subsidies enhance fishing capacity and effort). A method was derived from data in Balmford et al. (PNAS, 101: 9694–9697) to estimate the annual cost of maintaining MPAs as a function of their size, and of the degree of development of the country in question. We provide national costs of the 53 countries that jointly contribute 95% of global fisheries catch and, assuming that this type of subsidy, in a given country, cannot exceed 15% of the ex-vessel value of its fisheries catches, estimated a global MPA subsidy to fisheries of 870 million US$. Given that total subsidies to fisheries currently range from 30–34 billion US$ annually (without MPA costs), this amounts to only 2.5–2.8% of total subsidies to fisheries being devoted explicitly to the maintenance of the biodiversity that sustains them. 相似文献
179.
刘珊珊 《广东交通职业技术学院学报》2013,12(1):100-102
教学督导工作要想为人才培养导航护航,适应新时期对人才质量的要求,就必须自我调整,完善,升华。督导体制的建立也是教学督导工作研究的一个方面。很多民办高校形成了由院(一级督导)、系部(二级督导)、学生(三级督导)构成的三级督导体制,并以二级督导和三级督导作为督导工作的主体,充分发挥教师和学生的主观能动性,强调全员参与,建立良好的督导氛围。文中主要针对民办高校系部教学督导的工作方式进行研究和探讨。 相似文献
180.
提出船舶船舶主机机旁自动化系统设计中几个常见的问题,并对进行剖析,提出改进措施,供设计、生产及检验单位参考,避免类似问题的重复发生。 相似文献