西太平洋航线温带爆发性气旋活动与天气海况分析

根据观测是统计和天气海洋资料,分析了西太平洋航线温带爆发性气旋活动的气修学特征,并结合个例考查了爆发性气旋的天气与海况特点。结果表明爆发性气旋具有不同于一般气旋活动的规律和天气海况特征,认识它们有助于减少或避免海损事故的发生。     

基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的船用辅锅炉系统建模与仿真

运用Matlab／Simulink软件包对船用辅锅炉系统进行动态仿真,以锅炉炉膛为例建立了数学模型,给出了该系统的动态模型,并详细介绍了如何利用SIMULINK对锅炉系统进行仿真。仿真结果表明,SIMULINK也是对锅炉系统进行建模的一种有效方法。     

Applying the Value-Belief-Norm Theory to Marine Contexts: Implications for Encouraging Pro-Environmental Behavior

Encouraging pro-environmental behavior among protected area visitors and other stakeholders has become a priority for marine resource managers. However, there exists a lack of understanding of the human dimensions of resource management regarding the perceptions and attitudes of stakeholders. Using the value-belief-norm theory of environmentalism (VBN) as a framework, the purposes of this investigation were to: 1) test a model of variables that influence stakeholders' intentions to adopt pro-environmental behavior in two marine protected areas (i.e., the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary); and 2) using the relevant literature and information gleaned from the model, suggest techniques that managers can use to encourage pro-environmental intentions. Acceptable goodness-of-fit indices for both of the structural equation models (one for each protected area) provided empirical support for the usefulness of the VBN framework to guide both research in marine contexts and marine protected area management efforts to encourage stakeholders' intentions to engage in pro-environmental behavior. Specific suggestions include increasing stakeholders. knowledge about impacts via environmental education strategies, increasing their awareness of their impacts and their efficacy in mitigating those impacts (e.g., workshops), and developing interpersonal relationships among managers and stakeholders (e.g., implementation intention and follow-up strategies).     

Particulate matter in marine diesel engines exhausts: Emissions and control strategies

Marine diesel engines emit particles that have a complex nature, being composed by carbonaceous particles, with size spanning from few nanometres to less than one micron, and inorganic particles of micron size mainly made by ashes and sulphates.On a global scale, international shipping is responsible for few percentages of the particulate matter emissions, which also affect climate, but the regional distribution of naval traffic suggests the insurgence of significant exposure risk for population living along the coastal areas, due to chronic exposure effects. Specific strategies should be implemented to reduce the emissions of all the components of particulate matter. This paper aims to present a survey on the current and innovative strategies to remove particles from marine diesel engine exhausts, along with a critical review of the most recent findings on ships emitted particles. Evidences on physical–chemical properties, toxicology and emission factors of the particles were reported. This survey indicates that several strategies can provide a significant reduction of particulate matter emissions from ships and integration between innovative after-treatment systems, ships design and operation procedures can potentially lead to overall reduction of more than 99% even with parallel fuel savings.     

拉美水工工程承包市场分析

拉美水工工程市场潜力巨大，但由于中拉文化和体制的差异，目前拉美水工工程市场尚未得到充分开发。介绍拉美地区基础设施的现状，并结合实际市场开发中的经验和教训，阐述在拉美地区开拓水工工程市场将面临的困难及问题，并提供了有效的应对策略。随着中国与拉美各国经贸合作的不断深入，中拉双方将在水工承包领域拥有更加广阔的合作前景。     

关于提高轮机管理水平的思考

目前造船市场迅速得到提升,造船速度和造船质量均有大幅提高,尤其是造船速度。在船舶行业,轮机管理通常指运营船舶的设备和系统管理,在造船行业几乎很少能听到"轮机管理"这个概念。事实上在造船厂船舶的舾装阶段,轮机设备和系统因管理原因造成的故障并不鲜见。     

Energy factors for flexible fuel engines and vehicles operating with gasoline-ethanol blends

This work investigates the energy factors for fuel conversion from the analysis of brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) maps of a sample of 15 engines, representative of 75% of current models available in the Brazilian market. The method also employs the engine driving patterns of power output versus crankshaft speed obtained from bench dynamometer tests. The energy factors obtained from the engine analysis was validated against experiments carried out with two production vehicles in laboratory tests following the 1975 US Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75) procedure and road tests following 16 different urban and highway routes. The fuels used in the tests were hydrous ethanol (E100, 6 v/v % water) and a blend of 22 v/v % anhydrous ethanol and 78 v/v % gasoline (E22). The energy factors found from the 3D engine BSFC map analysis were higher than those obtained from the Willans line, currently adopted as a standard, by 52% for E22 and 57% for E100. The results from the 3D engine BFSC maps and the first vehicle following the FTP-75 cycle and 15 road routes were similar, also close to the results from the second vehicle, qualifying them to be representative of modern flexible fuel spark ignition engines and vehicles.     

舰船用新型飞轮储能动发一体机综合物理场分析(英文)

A novel flywheel energy storage(FES) motor/generator(M/G) was proposed for marine systems.The purpose was to improve the power quality of a marine power system(MPS) and strengthen the energy recycle.Two structures including the magnetic or non-magnetic inner-rotor were contrasted in the magnetostatic field by using finite element analysis(FEA).By optimally designing the size parameters,the average speed of FEA results of was 17 200 r/m,and the current was controlled between 62 and 68 A in the transient field.The electrical machine electromagnetism design was further optimized by the FEA in the temperature field,to find the local overheating point under the normal operation condition and provide guidance for the cooling system.Finally,it can be concluded from the comprehensive physical field analysis that the novel redundant structure M/G can improve the efficiency of the M/G and maintain the stability of the MPS.     

滨海核电厂海工建筑物设计标准探讨

作为滨海核电厂的重要组成部分,海工建筑物的设计标准值得研究和探讨。根据核电安全法规及相关规范的要求,对滨海核电厂海工建筑物的结构功能进行分析,将各海工建筑物的安全等级进行系统划分,明确核电厂海工建筑物设计标准需要考虑的内容,并总结海工建筑物设计标准的确定原则。结合国内在建的陆丰核电厂,确定该项目设计参数的标准值,对合理降低核电厂海工建筑物设计标准的思路和方法进行总结,可为类似工程提供参考。