船用汽轮机组油雾危害及其净化技术研究

阐述了船用汽轮机组油雾产生的原因、性质、组分和危害,并对各种油雾净化技术作了分析研究,最后确定了采用过滤吸附式油雾净化技术,样机经使用验证,不但完全解决了油雾污染问题,而且运行成熟稳定。     

Small-Scale Sicilian Fisheries: Opinions of Artisanal Fishers and Sociocultural Effects in Two MPA Case Studies

Marine resource management and related stakeholder conflicts have been clearly defined in recent decades as pressing issues worldwide. This article provides a comparative study of the management regimes of the Gulf of Castellammare Fishery Reserve and the Egadi Islands Marine Reserve in Sicily, Italy. What managers in these two reserves have neglected to include in management is a social science evaluation scheme to ensure the development of more effective overall management. This is a significant problem in both Italy and the rest of the Mediterranean, where few sociocultural and economic studies have been conducted. Using data collected with standard anthropological field methods, analysis was conducted on how artisanal fishers are impacted by reserves, the extent of their knowledge regarding regulations, their opinions on management, and demographics. The results indicate that while fishers in the two case studies are all aware of the marine reserves where they fish, most fishers are not well informed of the associated regulations. Fishers feel alienated from the management process, and would feel more comfortable with reserve managers and regulations if they were involved in management. The article concludes by showing how such data could help to develop more useful and practical management practices in both these and other MPAs with similar problems.     

船用阀门遥控系统综述

简要介绍了目前船用阀门遥控系统的几种主要驱动类型,其构成原理及各自的优缺点,总结了如何根据不同船型的实际需要选择不同的阀门驱动方式,并以液压驱动方式为例介绍了选择系统的基本准则,对用户如何根据实际需要选择合适的阀门遥控系统提出了建议,并对阀门遥控系统的发展趋势进行了展望。     

轮机故障模拟及仿真训练系统

轮机故障仿真训练是提升轮机管理人员业务能力的重要手段。以轮机系统故障机理仿真模型为基础,利用以太网通信技术构建计算机仿真训练系统。结合动态仿真操作屏、人机交互仿真软件及声光模拟等方式,全面、真实、系统地展示船舶机舱动力系统的故障机理及故障现象。所开发的实训系统在实际应用中取得了良好的效果。     

第四代船舶计程仪展望

船舶计程仪已经历了三个发展阶段,从水压式计程仪、电磁式计程仪到声纳计程仪。随着卫星导航定位技术的发展,相信全海域、全天候的第四代船舶计程仪不久也将问世。北斗卫星导航定位系统将在任何气候条件下,提供可靠精准的定位、测速和授时服务,为水上航行舰船提供精确的导航定位与安全保障。     

An application of BBNs on the integrated energy efficiency of ship–port interface: a dry bulk shipping case

ABSTRACT

A considerable amount of energy is consumed with every completed ship voyage and each port operation performed. Recent regulative approaches by the IMO are to enforce the shipping industry to become more energy efficient and sustainable. There is a growing amount of literature on the energy efficiency management of ships and ports. However, there is still inadequate research effort on the ship–port interface in order to obtain an Integrated Energy Efficiency framework for marine transport operations. In this research, a theoretical concept is generated to measure holistic energy efficiency in shipping operations. The main purpose of this paper is to identify nodes of the integrated ship-port energy efficiency framework and develop a probabilistic approach, which can help to increase energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions for shipping companies. This research generates an application of BBNs on ship–port interface regarding the integrated operational energy efficiency interactions by aiming to optimise holistic operational energy efficiency and CO2 emissions. The outcomes suggest that it would be possible to increase the probability of a more energy efficient and sustainable marine transport operation by integrating the influences of port and ship operation performances and their elements on the related route planning and slow steaming decision-making.     

A quantitative risk analysis by using interval type-2 fuzzy FMEA approach: the case of oil spill

ABSTRACT

Risk assessment in maritime domain is one of the most cited topics since maritime transportation poses potential hazard for human life, marine environment and property. To mitigate risk and enhance safety awareness in maritime transportation, safety researchers have been seeking proactive solutions. This article prompts a quantitative risk-based approach combining interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) with failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to perform a comprehensive risk analysis. Thus, potential failure modes and their effects are revealed by calculating risk prioritisation numbers (RPNs). Whilst the FMEA method provides a robust risk analysing tool with relevant control options, the IT2FSs deals with ambiguity and vagueness of linguistic assessment of decision-makers through the FMEA. Hence, expert’s linguistic assessment in risk assessment can be transformed into useful information in terms of enhancing safety and pollution prevention in maritime industry. To demonstrate the proposed approach, potential failures and effects of a real shipboard oil spill case are handled. The findings show that incomplete information exchanged with local maritime authorities, malfunction of oil skimmer and poor organization of shoreline clean-up team are the most important failures during case of oil spill. The proposed approach provides not only theoretical insight into the maritime transportation industry but also practical contributions to chemical/oil tanker safety and environmental protection by mitigating risk in terms of technical or operational aspects.     

内河船型LNG双燃料发动机应用探讨

阐述了LNG作为新型能源在内河水运领域推广应用的重要意义,以及各方为此所进行的积极探索.分析了ING双燃料发动机的特点及其在内河船型上应用的技术特点.对比研究了双燃料发动机在内河船型上的多种配置方法、布置形式及其优缺点,旨在为LNG双燃料发动机在内河船型上的安全应用和开发提供建设性的思路.     

不同种类纤维对海工混凝土性能影响对比研究

为解决海工混凝土因抗裂性能差引起的耐久性问题,研究了3种纤维在不同掺量下对海工混凝土抗压性能和抗裂性能的影响,并采用RCM法对不同纤维掺量下海工耐久混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能进行评定.试验结果表明：掺入不同纤维均能增加海工混凝土的抗压强度和劈裂强度;不同纤维掺量下海工混凝土电通量和氯离子扩散系数均有所降低,且随着纤维掺量的增加,降低幅度逐渐增大;对比3种不同纤维掺量下的海工混凝土的性能可以看出,掺入1.5 kg/m3高强高模量聚乙烯纤维效果最佳,性能最为优异.     

我国海上溢油应急设备标准体系研究

通过分析目前我国对于海上溢油应急设备标准的需求及存在的问题,并结合国内外对于溢油应急设备标准及交通环保标准体系的相关研究,提出我国海上溢油应急设备标准体系的构思及框架图,并对该体系在行业发展中的顺利实施提出相关建议。