船舶主机数字调速仿真训练器的研制

为了研究船舶主机调速系统的特性和控制算法,将船舶主机调速系统的性能要求转化为复合PID控制算法的问题,研制基于Nabtesco MG-800Ⅲ的数字调速仿真器。非线性PID实现主机转速控制,其比例增益、微分增益和积分增益分别是控制偏差的非线性函数。模糊自整定PID实现主机油门的位置控制,其PID的3个参数随着偏差和偏差变化速度,根据模糊控制原理进行在线修改。物理仿真结果表明,数字调速器的非线性模糊自适应PID算法能提高调速系统的动态精度和抑制扰动的能力。     

产品结构树在CAPP信息管理中的应用

通过对CAPP系统信息管理的分析，论述了在实用化CAPP系统中建立产品结构树的必要性，提出了一种线性产品结构树的数学模型以基于该数学模型在VC＋＋6．0下实现产品树的方法－采用一个可变长度的一维数组描述产品树节点，标识各节点在产品结构树中的层次关系。用该方法表示产品结构树，产品结构逻辑关系清晰，数据冗余小，简化了建立产品树的过程，是一种简单有效的方法。     

基于造船总装生产线的船厂生产计划与控制分析

根据集成制造的原理，论述了基于造船总装生产线的船厂生产计划、作业控制方式；提出了PERT、MRPⅡ、JIT三者集成的思路和方式；首次阐明了“集成中间产品”、“中间产品组”、“中间产品包”的含义和它们之间的关系，及其在造船总装生产线生产组织中的作用。     

几例船舶主机故障现象及其分析

船舶主机是船舶的动力核心，与主机相关的故障如果不能被及时发现和处理，将会造成严重的事故。文章就作者在船上的工作经历，介绍了船舶主机的几例故障现象，并对这些故障的原因进行了适当的分析，说明了有效的维护是船用设备可靠工作的必要保证。     

论轮机英语词汇的特点及认知策略

在轮机英语词汇的学习过程中，同遗忘做斗争的主要问题是词汇记忆的编码或组织问题。针对轮机英语词汇科技术语多，缩略语多、复合词多等特点，本论文提出在学和教的两方面应采取积极的认知策略。其中精加工策略、组织策略和恰当的复习策略有助于建立稳固的长时记忆编码，从而促进轮机英语词汇知识的保持和巩固。     

Participating mass in colliding risers

One of the main challenges in estimating impact energy in collisions between marine risers is the assessment of the riser mass involved in the collision. Evidently the entire riser mass does not contribute to the collision. Hence, the question is: What is the equivalent riser mass which contributes to the impact energy? This article presents three different ways of estimating the riser mass participating in the collision energy. The first method is strictly experimental. The second method uses a numerical experiment together with system identification techniques. The third method is a strictly analytical method, which results in an asymptotically upper bounded estimate of the participating mass. Two risers are examined as case studies. The first riser is a 1 : 100 model scale riser used in collision experiments carried out at Marintek's towing tank in Trondheim, Norway. The second case uses a real world riser in use on the Troll B oil production platform operating in the North Sea. The proposed methods yield consistent and comparable results. Received for publication on Feb. 1, 1999; accepted on July 8, 1999     

光谱分析技术在船舶燃料油与气缸油配伍研究中的应用

本文叙述了用原子吸收光谱分析方法研究船用重质燃料油与不同气缸油的配伍试验时使用 Bolnes 三缸柴油机和原子吸收光谱仪,通过测定废气缸油中铁、铬含量来确定气缸磨损情况,用磨损指数和清洁分散性系统地评价配伍效果。采用该方法,可在短期运行后不需停机,拆机,即可取样测定.原子吸收光谱分析法灵敏度高,精确度强,是一种有价值的方法.     

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S.

The United States contributes only 0.2% of the 18,814?MW of global installed offshore wind capacity. Lack of development has been attributed in part to a cumbersome regulatory process that includes the evaluation of environmental impacts. Assessments are based on biological, social, and technical data that are often incomplete. Marine spatial planning (MSP) may help fill data gaps. We conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants to understand (1) whether a lack of biological data impedes offshore wind environmental assessments, (2) whether MSP could mitigate these impediments, and (3) whether MSP could advance offshore wind development in the U.S. in other ways. Most informants stated that a lack of biological data in offshore wind environmental assessments was problematic due to incomplete data, uncertainty of data, and mismatched scales. Data issues may be mitigated by creation of data products and increased communication, outcomes of MSP that may benefit the regulatory process by increasing data availability, resolving conflicts among users, and providing a common operating picture. Challenges remain in integrating MSP into the processes of siting and permitting offshore wind, but it provides a strategic framework for the systematic identification, collection, collation, analyses, application, and management of data in the offshore wind environmental regulatory process.     

无人船在海洋调查领域的应用分析与思考

基于无人船机动灵活、安全性高、可在常规调查平台受限的水域作业的特点,将其引入海洋调查领域,作为一种新型调查平台使用。海洋调查无人船主要用于海洋环境观测和海底探测,目前其发展的关键在于如何降低平台对任务载荷的扰动,保证循线精度,提高通信系统的可靠性。根据水深、水动力和水底地形地貌等条件,将无人船工作环境分为岛礁区、滨海区、浅海区、半深海区和深海区5类;结合作业环境,以无人船的体量和吃水深度为依据,建议将其分为微型平台、小型平台、中型平台、大型平台和超大型平台,并对适配任务载荷作出分析。     

海洋工程钢结构腐蚀防护的研究进展

钢结构在海水中腐蚀损伤具有复杂性和多样性的特点,对其进行研究存在一定的挑战性。针对海洋工程装备的腐蚀问题,对钢结构在海水中的腐蚀机理、防腐寿命预测和评估进行概述。对比涂料防腐技术、金属涂层防腐技术、电化学防腐技术发现:国外有严格的国家环保法规,国内环保立法滞后,尤其涉及到高压低温环境中应用困难。