船舶外场涂装无组织排放现状与法规分析

涂装作为造修船主要支柱环节,在人员健康、环境等的要求下,面临绿色化发展的转型升级的需求.基于船舶外场涂装作业大气污染治理的紧迫性,文章梳理了船舶涂装的现状,进而归纳及对比了国内外大气污染无组织排放的环保标准/法规,提出了船舶绿色涂装的发展建议.旨在为船舶企业提供涂装排放限值及要求相关的参考依据,降低对环境的危害,促进船...     

输运流体海洋立管的动力特性

从流体的动量方程出发,考虑流体和管道的耦合,推导出输运流体海洋立管的偏微分运动方程。用Hermite插值函数和Galerkin法离散运动方程建立海洋立管动力运动的有限元模型。然后,利用该模型研究管内气柱流对固有频率的影响。计算结果表明:立管内出现气柱流时,固有频率随气柱位置的不同而明显变化。     

船用EH36高强钢无缝药芯焊丝焊接接头组织和冲击韧性研究

本文以SRSF501无缝药芯焊丝在船用EH36高强钢中的焊接应用为目的,研究了国产无缝药芯焊丝SRSF501在船用EH36高强钢焊接中的组织和冲击韧性。通过试验表明：SRSF501焊接EH36钢接头各区域的冲击性能均满足船级社要求;多层多道焊时,焊缝组织由粗大的柱状组织和细小的等轴晶组织组成,底层焊缝和末道焊缝柱状晶区域较大;盖面层两侧接头热影响区存在粗晶区,其它位置接头的热影响区不存在粗晶区;焊接接头中熔合线外2mm处,晶粒最细,冲击韧性最好。     

超声波流量计探头参数的选择

以时差法为例,分析了超声波探头中超声射线入射角及振荡频率对测量精度的影响,给出了探头的选择原则。     

Coastal Tourist Interest in Value-Added,Aquaculture-Based,Culinary Tourism Opportunities

Despite increasing focus on sustainable aquaculture investment in the U.S. coastal zones, the aquaculture industry continues to face skepticism among consumers due to perceived negative environmental impacts, and health and food safety concerns. Partnering with culinary tourism and local food promotion efforts has potential for improving public outreach about the benefits of aquaculture, especially in coastal destinations where sustainable marine aquaculture and tourism are both occurring. Culinary tourism implies that local foods reflect the local livelihood and culture, and may be important to the tourist's experience. Aquaculture is becoming increasingly valuable to coastal destinations for assuring the steady availability of local seafood to meet demand and retaining commercial fisheries as a means to differentiate themselves to tourists. This study examined the role of subjective knowledge and attitude about aquaculture, and their effect on intention to participate in value-added culinary aquaculture tourism experiences. The study found that tourists' subjective knowledge and attitude about aquaculture influenced intentions to participate in culinary aquaculture tourism. In order for farmers or tour operators to be successful in diversifying with value-added culinary aquaculture, attention needs to be paid to educating consumers, which may be possible through strategic partnerships with tourism organizations, chefs, and restaurants.     

Papahānaumokuākea: Integrating Culture in the Design and Management of one of the World's Largest Marine Protected Areas

Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument is one of the world's largest marine protected areas and was designated the first mixed conservation site in the United States due to its natural and cultural importance. It is also the world's first cultural seascape, being recognized for its continuing connections to indigenous people. As the westernmost place in the Hawaiian universe, many believe these islands and seas are the pathway that Native Hawaiians travel after death, returning to pō (night; realm of the gods). This intimate kinship has profound implications for contemporary management. Current management emphasizes integration of science, policy, cultural knowledge, traditions, and practices to create successful management strategies appropriate for both natural and cultural resources. This management is based on Native Hawaiian values and practices that incorporate observation and understanding of the natural world, indigenous principles and philosophies, cultural norms, community relationships, and unique epistemologies deeply imbedded in and formed by relationships of people with place. A cornerstone of this effort has been the direct involvement of cultural practitioners in policy, management, education, and research. This biocultural approach has led to more effective management of the monument and serves as a model for conservation around the world.     

Sea Cucumber Moratorium and Livelihood Diversity in Papua New Guinea

Livelihood diversity factors such as flexibility within fisheries, geographical mobility, reallocation of fishing effort into the broader economy, and the non-material benefits that fisheries provide are important areas of research in marine policy. We use two small-scale fisheries related socio-economic surveys of communities in the Tigak Islands of Papua New Guinea. The first conducted 5 years before a ban on the harvesting of sea cucumbers was imposed and the second from the present day, 5 years after the initiation of the ban—with the objectives of exploring changes in household fishing strategies (types and numbers of species targeted) and to identify any important socioeconomic factors that help explain those changes. Fishing's contribution to total household income has increased significantly (p = 0.019) up from 61% in 2004 to 73% in 2014 with the percentage of female residents living in a household now positively and significantly (p = 0.018) associated with fishing income. The average number of species categories targeted per household increased insignificantly while households with more women are significantly (p = 0.018) less likely to target more species than households with more men. Moreover, customary management practices contribute to this difference. Together, these results show that households are not worse off financially 5 years after the ban on sea cucumber harvesting and that gendered seascape use has implications for the role of livelihood diversity as a marine policy tool.     

Analysis of occupational accidents encountered by deck cadets in maritime transportation

The 2010 Manila amendments to the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping Code (STCW) was adopted by the idea to render the profession more attractive to the seafarers, particularly to cadets. It is possible to ensure greater attraction only by providing suitable and safe working conditions on board to cadets. This study analyses occupational accidents and near misses encountered by ocean going deck cadets, who received A-II/I training, during their sea training. The aim of this study was to determine causal factors influencing work accidents and to propose several recommendations for the safety of deck cadets. A total of 857 officer candidates, who received maritime education at university level in Turkey, were interviewed. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used in the study to analyse the occupational accidents. As a result of this study on deck cadets, the most risky areas for work accidents were found to be the deck (39.9%), cargo areas (35.7%), areas used for manoeuvring operations (including winch areas and areas in which berthing, unberthing, and anchoring operations take place) (16.1%), and accommodation areas (8.3%). The most important root causes for occupational accidents were identified as not using personal protective equipment (24.2%), haste (22.6%), and presence in inappropriate places (13.6%). This study offers some important insight into the prevention of occupational accidents, and includes suggestions and advisory opinions of sector representatives. As a result of this study, several recommendations for the prevention of accidents are proposed.     

客货滚装码头车辆定位系统需求分析和技术实现

针对某客货滚装码头中车辆运输的智能化调度需求,进行车辆位置智能感知的研究,采用物联网感知和计算机视觉技术,得出一种基于视频监控的车辆定位系统方案。该系统能够实时监控码头内进出港车辆,跟踪和记录其路径,支持越界报警,为智能化调度和安全监控提供基础数据。     

海洋软土修正剑桥模型在海堤工程的应用

通过对海洋软土进行一系列的室内物理力学试验及静三轴试验,拟合了海洋软土平均应力和广义剪应力值,认为海洋软土的状态线呈双曲线形,并将修正的应力罗德角考虑在模型之中,进一步改进剑桥模型理论,使其更加适应海洋软土的静力学特性。实践证明,海洋软土修正剑桥模型能有效模拟海洋软土的应力应变特性,表现为海洋软土材料的非线性特征以及塑性流动的特征。采用海洋软土修正剑桥模型对以海洋软土为基础的海堤的地基沉降进行数值分析,计算结果验证了海洋软土修正剑桥模型的适用性。