船舶尾流冲刷作用下抛石基床块石稳定性计算方法研究

船舶尾流是导致重力式码头抛石基床冲刷破坏的重要因素之一,国内港口、海岸工程设计规范中未考虑船舶尾流作用对抛石基床块石稳定性的影响。文章通过总结、对比、分析国外船用螺旋桨射流流速分布研究成果,得到了螺旋桨射流流速分布规律,提出了船舶尾流冲刷作用下抛石基床块石稳定性计算方法,并利用该方法计算并分析了某重力式码头抛石基床块石的冲刷情况。计算结果表明:螺旋桨射流起始段和主体段的流速均可能对抛石基床块石产生冲刷影响,且主体段水流对块石稳定性影响更大,船用螺旋桨桨轴线距基床顶面高度2倍桨直径内的区域可作为船舶尾流冲刷影响区。     

洋口港污水排海工程排污口选划研究

在综合已有大最研究成果和工程经验的基础上,通过分析排污口选划方法原则、初步方案的选取、海域水动力和水环境影响、泥沙场泥沙冲淤及工程技术经济性等选划因素,确定了洋口港污水排海工程的最佳排污口位置.结果表明,综合考虑各种影响因素的选划方法,有利于实现排污工程的环保排放.     

舰用燃气轮机总体设计方案评估研究

优选舰用燃气轮机总体设计方案是一项摆在决策者面前的重大决策活动.因其涉及到的因素众多,有些因素易于量化,有些因素难以量化,往往给决策者带来诸多困难.在建立方案评估指标体系的基础上,采用熵权法和理想点法相结合的方法对舰用燃气轮机总体设计方案进行研究,以期降低决策的主观随意性,使决策更加科学合理.     

基于Visual Basic.NET的船舶动力装置数字化设计

基于Visual Basic.NET的船舶动力装置数字化设计是利用Visual Basic.NET的各项功能实现船舶动力装置设计的数字化、智能化。其中,利用Visual Basic.NET的计算功能实现基本计算的数字化;利用Visual Basic.NET与数据库的良好交互功能实现设备选型的数字化;利用Visual Basic.NET的数组进行矩阵计算实现模糊综合评判法的数字化;利用Visual Basic.NET对AUTOCAD调用以及AUTOCAD的块功能实现绘制系统原理图的数字化。船舶动力装置设计实现数字化后可提高设计效率,并且可以增加设计的科学性和准确性。     

渔船中速柴油机燃用重油的粘度控制系统

重油价格低廉,渔船柴油机燃用重油可大大降低船舶营运成本,但由于重油的粘度大,在喷油时无法正常雾化而影响柴油机正常运行,因此,对渔船中速柴油机燃用的重油,必须设置加热设备对重油加热进行降低粘度的自动控制,文章介绍渔船燃用重油时其粘度控制的一种方法及其系统,即采用主机排出的废气加热低温淡水,而产生的热水送入电锅炉,电锅炉产生的蒸汽用于加热重油,同时实现了废热回收利用。     

船用柴油机与燃气轮机动力装置的可靠性对比分析

从关键零部件数量、零部件制造材料、零部件工作条件和部件冗余数量角度,分别对船用柴油机和燃气轮机动力装置的不可靠度进行计算和对比分析。结果表明,柴油机动力装置包含的部件数量大,而燃气轮机动力装置结构相对简单,其结构可靠性高于柴油机动力装置。但对于多缸柴油机来说,由于冗余部件和冗余辅机系统的存在,柴油机动力装置的整体运行可靠性高于燃气轮机动力装置,说明柴油机动力装置的冗余部件对其运行可靠性非常重要。     

炎热干燥大温差条件下胸墙大体积混凝土裂缝控制技术

依托沙特Ras Al Khair港码头5#、6#泊位项目,介绍了在炎热、干燥、大温差、海洋环境下,按美国标准设计和施工的胸墙大体积混凝土裂缝的控制措施。施工过程中,通过配合比的比选、原材料温度的控制、浇筑温度的控制、分层分段以及养护等综合措施,有效控制了胸墙大体积混凝土的开裂,保证施工质量和进度。     

A fundamental investigation of tilt control systems for narrow commuter vehicles

One way of addressing traffic congestion is by efficiently utilizing the existing highway infrastructure. Narrow tilting vehicles that need a reduced width lane can be part of the solution if they can be designed to be safe, stable, and easy to operate. In this paper, a control system that stabilizes the tilt mode of such a vehicle without affecting the handling of the vehicle is proposed. This control system is a combination of two different types of control schemes known as steering tilt control (STC) and direct tilt control (DTC) systems. First, different existing variations of both STC and DTC systems are considered and their shortcomings analysed. Modified control schemes are then suggested to overcome the deficiencies. Then a new method of integrating these two control schemes that guarantees smooth switchover between the controllers as a function of vehicle velocity is proposed. The performance of the proposed STC, DTC, and integrated systems is evaluated by carrying out simulations for different operating conditions and some experimental work. The design of a second-generation narrow tilting vehicle on which the developed control system has been implemented is presented.     

The implications of MARPOL Annex V on the management of ports and coastal communities

Abstract

The passage of the Marine Plastics Pollution Research and Control Act of 1987 (MPPRCA), which codified Annex V of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), has encompassed every commercial and recreational shipping and boating facility in the United States. As a group, these ports, harbors, and marinas form a significant, although proportionately small, portion of the coastline of the country. More important, the economic benefits derived from the complex shoreside infrastructures required for international ocean trade, commercial and recreational fishing, and pleasure boating indicate just how critical it is for these facilities to be in conformance with effective and prudent coastal zone and environmental management practices.     

A Practice-Based Coupling of the Precautionary Principle to the Large Marine Ecosystem Fisheries Management Concept with a Policy Orientation: The Northeast United States Continental Shelf as a Case Example

This article addresses interdisciplinary sustainable aspects of fisheries as part of ocean management. Human-caused impacts and their role as modifiers of living marine resources is discussed. The research note also theorizes about contemporary global change and its prospective biological consequences, especially when coupled with human-induced factors in coastal marine waters. Also addressed is the management and ecological aspects of fish stock populations as part of a large marine ecosystem (LME) in the Northeast United States continental shelf of the Atlantic Ocean with suggestions for an interdisciplinary policy orientation paradigm to foster the sustainability of marine life in the sea.