基于阿特金森循环的电动汽车增程器开发

增程式车用发动机更加关注电驱动车辆行驶工况下,电机驱动功率-道路行驶阻力功率平衡状态时的发动机燃油经济性.基于这种特点,开发了一种增程式电动车辆专用发动机,发动机工作循环采用基于阿特金森循环的高膨胀比设计,发动机可以提供额定35 kW的发电功率输出.匹配车辆后,对比同等动力水平下的传统奥托循环发动机与阿特金森循环增程器...     

汽车底盘护板的空气动力特性探讨

因汽车底部的不平整,空气阻力随车速增加而增大,影响车辆的行驶动力性和燃油经济性;高速转弯时升力变大影响汽车的操纵稳定性和安全性.本文设计一种符合空气动力学形状的功能性底盘护板,建立这种功能性护板的物理模型,这种结构保证燃油经济性基础上产生向下方向的压力,提高汽车行驶的操纵稳定性和安全性;提出加装功能性护板后气流经过底盘处解决方案,综合考虑在实际使用中燃油经济性问题.     

绿色环保经济发展与隧道掘进机再制造探析

为了解决人们对工程机械再制造产品的认识,促进工程机械再制造行业以及再制造技术的良性发展,对机械设备再制造技术以及国内外机械设备再制造产业发展现状尤其是隧道掘进机再制造技术发展情况进行分析研究,探讨再制造产业与循环经济的关系及其相对于维修和翻新技术的优点、发展再制造产业的意义及隧道掘进机再制造的重难点;分析与总结我国隧道掘进机再制造产业的发展现状、前景、隧道掘进机再制造的重点、需要把握好的技术关键,以及促进隧道掘进机再制造良性发展的具体措施,对再制造技术在我国隧道掘进机领域内的推广应用具有一定的借鉴作用。     

论海洋强国视野下海洋民族精神的培育

海洋民族精神是承载海洋强国别无选择的坚实基石,是中华民族面对历史抉择时意志、精神的集中体现.本文从海洋民族精神形成的现实基础,海洋强国建设需要具有海洋战略高度的海洋民族精神,海洋民族精神的时代内涵等3个方面论述了中国走向海洋、维护海洋,需要培育与海洋强国建设相适应的、能振兴民族复兴的海洋精神和海洋气质.     

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考虑到航速变化对航线配船决策所产生的非线性影响,推导了船舶航速与船舶往返航次时间、航次成本及航线配船数之间的数学关系式,把船舶航速作为决策变量引入传统的航线配船模型中,并且把船队的二氧化碳排放量作为优化目标之一,建立船队利润最大与碳排放量最小两个目标最优的双目标航线配船模型.针对模型非线性和混合整数解的特点,采用LINGO11.0优化平台,自编程序,应用分支定界算法,进行仿真算例研究.结果表明,该模型可以同时决策航线配船和船舶航速,其优化结果更符合实际情况,同时更有利于运力的有效利用,船舶燃油消耗的节省和碳排放的减少.     

江苏省与我国其它沿海省份海洋产业比较及对策

文章通过横向和纵向比较分析,发现江苏省海洋产业存在明显不平衡、不协调的问题,海洋船舶产业发展远快于全国平均速度,但是大而不强的特征明显,而海洋渔业和标准集装箱发展则显著滞后,最后从陆海及区域统筹、海洋产业科技平台、海洋产业聚集等方面提出了对策建议。     

交通事故死亡赔偿金计算方法

文中采用文献分析法对国内外的交通事故死亡赔偿金制度和赔偿金计算方法进行调研,分析各自的优缺点。以此为基础,提出算法的改进。最后,通过算例对国内外各种算法及文中改进算法的计算结果进行对比。结果表明,本文算法的结果较符合我国民众的期望,能较好地平衡事故各方权益。研究结果可为我国改革交通事故死亡赔偿金制度提供新思路,对促进交通文明行为、遏制撞伤不如撞死等恶劣现象有积极的意义。     

Missing the tide? Workplace cultural differences as a barrier to seafarer mobility in the U.S. workboat and sail training sectors

ABSTRACT

While previous research details the psychological and social benefits of sail training programs for amateur ‘trainees,’ much less is known about the value and transferability of sail training work experience in terms of professional development for seafaring careers. This article reviews the current state of scientific knowledge on sail training and presents the findings of a qualitative study of maritime recruiter perceptions at 10 U.S. flag workboat companies. Results suggest that the maritime industry may benefit from an improved understanding of the role that sail training programs and the sail training community can play in training and inspiring the next generation of motivated and professional seafarers. Workboat recruiters see positive and negative aspects of sail training experience and perceive cultural divides within the maritime industry that may affect a seafarers’ job mobility, whether or not such divides actually exist.     

The limited scope of seaborne cargo liability regime: new political–economic environments in the 21st century

ABSTRACT

Since the 1920s, seaborne cargo liability regimes have introduced a small number of mandatory rules into international carriage of goods by sea, through the Hague–Visby Rules, to restrict freedom of contract. These rules worked within a limited scope to offset imperfect competition in the shipping markets. However, the recent Hamburg and Rotterdam Rules attempted to extend this scope of seaborne cargo liability regime, which seems to be more extensive than is desirable. This article compares and examines the shipping sub-sectors’ environment and maritime economics over the past century up to date. The new business patterns of the shipping sub-sectors, the rising influence of developing countries, and the containerisation are creating new shipping environments for this area of law. Compared with previous decades, imperfect competition is only found in a smaller number of areas within the shipping markets nowadays. This article argues that only a limited scope of application is needed for international seaborne cargo liability regime. Thus, these new economic and political realities call for innovative modifications to the recent rules regarding the scope of application, and future regime should refocus international uniformity on a limited scope.     

基于粗糙集理论的开航安全性评价结果分析

为找出适宜对船舶开航安全性进行评价的方法,确保船舶航行安全,基于模糊评价方法、概率影响图评价方法和反向传播算法(BP)神经网络评价方法对船舶开航安全性的评价结果,利用粗糙集理论对其进行了数据挖掘,得出了影响开航安全性的船舶要素重要度排序.通过对结果分析与验证,发现模糊评价方法和概率影响图方法较适宜于船舶开航安全性评价.研究结论可为船长、船公司及海事监督部门的船舶开航安全管理提供参考依据.