VISSIM在世博高强度客流设施服务水平分析中的应用

高强度客流设施的服务水平评价是2010年上海世博会需要解决的核心问题之一.目前在这方面缺乏相应的理论和技术支撑.提出通过动态模拟出入口广场人群流动的方法来评估入口设施的服务水平.利用VISSIM仿真技术具有的直观、准确、灵活、可重复试验的特点,进行集散设施抽象建模、进出闸机的关键参数校核和集散广场访客行为的模拟.以上南路入口广场客流集散为研究背景,对该入口未来高峰时段的客流进行了模拟,取得了较好的仿真效果.VISSIM仿真模型可满足客流集散仿真的需求.     

Simulation of city bus performance based on actual urban driving cycle in China

This paper establishes the simulation model of a city bus on the basis of the EQ6110 bus prototype and its experimental data. According to the actual urban driving cycle, the fuel economy and the traction performance of the EQ6110 city bus have been simulated, and factors such as the driving cycle, the loss of power to engine accessories, the gear-shifting strategy, the fuel shut-off strategy of the engine, etc., which influence on the bus’s fuel economy, are also quantitatively analyzed. Some conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) driving cycles have a great influence on the fuel economy of a city bus; (2) under the typical urban driving cycle of the public bus in China, the engine fuel shut-off strategy can save about 1 to 1.5 percent of the fuel consumption; and (3) the optimized gear-shifting rules can save 6.7 percent of the fuel consumption. Experimental results verify that the fuel economy for the EQ6110 public bus is improved by 7.2 pecent over the actual Wuhan urban driving cycle of the current public bus in China.     

轻型两栖汽车可升降底盘机构设计与控制方案仿真

为实现某轻型两栖汽车在不切断驱动力的前提下底盘可升降和车轮可提升,采用了平衡肘肘内动力传动技术。利用无刷直流电机带动蜗轮蜗杆副,驱动平衡肘旋转,通过控制平衡肘的位置实现底盘高度可调和车轮的提升;而发动机驱动力通过平衡肘肘内的链条传动传至车轮。采用数字PID控制方法,实现了平衡肘的位置控制。借助Matlab／Simulink对执行机构进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,利用无刷直流电机驱动能够实现平衡肘的快速转动,进而实现底盘的升降和车轮的提升。     

双侧壁导坑施工数值模拟

针对隧道洞口浅埋段双侧壁导坑施工工艺的特点,对某高速公路隧道进行了数值模拟,定性地分析了双侧壁导坑开挖法施工力学行为.研究表明,在开挖初期,临时钢架与核心土共同作用形成一个承载整体,能有效地减少地表沉降变形;上部核心土开挖后,临时钢架与初衬连接处出现应力集中现象,在开挖过程中应引起重视.     

Simulation and analysis of flexible solar panels’ deployment and locking processes

To predict the attitude of satellite during the whole deployment process and evaluate the lockingimpact, a numerical flexible model of a certain satellite associated with four flexible honeycomb solar panelswas established. The flexible solar panel was modeled by the finite element analysis (FEA), and the motionequations were derived by Lagrangian formulation. The locking process was based on the method of Hertziancontact, which enables one to predict the locking impact on the satellite and the subsequent oscillation of solarpanels. The results reveal that locking operation has great impact on the attitude of the satelhte, and theangular acceleration of satellite reaches 22.03 °/s2 at the locking moment; the flexible solar panels model isfeasible to predict the accurate response of the satelhte during deployment and the oscillation of solar panels;the instantly impulsive force occurred during locking process is about 1.5 kN and the changing time is nearly0.32 s. It provides an effective approach to present the flexible solar panels' deployment process and evaluatethe locking impact.     

基于MATLAB的电力电子技术实验计算机仿真的研究

概括了MATLAB／Simulink仿真软件的特点,介绍了如何利用MATLAB／Simulink仿真软件对电力电子技术课程实验进行仿真。应用计算机仿真实验教学加深了学生对课程内容的理解,弥补了模拟实验装置的不足。     

车辆吸能部件的碰撞试验与数值仿真

为了设计某列车耐撞性车体,实现列车被动安全保护,进行了台车碰撞试验和数值仿真计算,研究了耐撞性车体吸能部件的吸能特性。在台车撞击试验过程中,吸能部件从预期部位开始发生稳定有序的塑性变形,吸收的冲击动能与最大变形量基本成正比关系,说明该部件具有良好的吸能效果。并在此基础上,应用显式动力有限元理论建立了其有限元撞击模型,进行了数值仿真计算。相关性分析结果表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,在整个撞击过程中,撞击力曲线基本吻合,最大撞击力峰值分别为2486·3、2423·1kN,最大变形量误差和初始撞击力峰值误差都小于3%,反弹速度误差小于4%。显然,利用撞击试验验证了数值计算的有效性和可靠性,利用数值计算设计和优化车辆吸能部件是可行的。     

Case Analysis on Vehicle Parking and Departure Plans for the National Stadium

As the main venue of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the National Stadium hosted the opening and closing ceremonies, field and track events, and final football games. This paper intends to study the problems associated with vehicle evacuation from the parking lot, and develop evacuation plans. First, the paper analyzes the particular conditions of the parking lot in the National Stadium, as well as its layout and vehicle evacuation. Then, it simulates and evaluates the evacuation plans with the suitably given parameters, based on the real blueprint of the National Stadium and scenarios. Finally, it conducts a comparative analysis on the accuracy and practicability of the vehicle evacuation plans based on the field data collected at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. The simulation result shows that the total vehicle evacuation time was 26 minutes and the real evacuation time was 27 minutes on the day of the opening ceremony, which verifies that the study is accurate and practical.     

公路工程项目经济评价指标计算方法

为了对含有模糊基础数据和参数的公路工程项目方案进行有效评价,建立了评价指标体系,将评价指标分为梯形与三角形模糊变量,在同一可能空间上或不同可能空间上进行模糊运算,由Zadeh扩展原理得到模糊变量的隶属度,利用模糊模拟技术计算模糊变量的可信值、关键值与期望值,并利用计算值对项目进行了评价。评价结果表明:评价项目的模糊期望净现值大于0,可信值达到100%,说明项目可行,评价结果客观。     

浅谈概率论中数学期望的计算方法

本文介绍了用特征函数、条件数学期望、对称性等求解数学期望的方法,解法各具特色.