Evaluating sustainability of supply chains by two-stage range directional measure in the presence of negative data

Assessing sustainability of supply chains is a critical and increasingly complex problem. In recent years sustainability has received more attention in supply chain management (SCM) literature with triple bottom lines including social, environmental, and economic factors. Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models consider decision making units (DMUs) as black boxes that consume a set of inputs to produce a set of outputs and do not take into consideration internal interactions of DMUs. Two-stage DEA models deal with such DMUs. However, existing two-stage DEA models are applicable only in technologies characterized by positive inputs/outputs. This paper aims to build and present a new two-stage DEA model considering negative input-intermediate-output data. Some numerical examples along with some theorems and properties are given to show capability of proposed method. The proposed ideas are used in a case study where 29 Iranian supply chains producing equipment of expendable medical devices are evaluated in terms of sustainability.     

保证路基长期稳定性的技术措施研究

路基长期稳定性是一个综合性的问题,要想通过设计或施工一劳永逸的解决,在技术上是困难的,在经济上也是不适宜的。只有通过对设计、施工、养护三者综合考虑,把握影响路基长期稳定性的关键因素,才能经济、合理地解决该问题,使公路更好地为经济建设服务。     

Vehicle electrification in a developing country: Status and issue,from a well-to-wheel perspective

The increase of public attention, scientific research and political interest in environmental problems associated with transportation has provided the motivation for re-invention of electric vehicles. However the usage of grid-dependent EVs with a high-carbon electricity grid might produce more damage to the environment. This study aims to provide an environmental impact comparison of ICEVs, HEVs and EVs during their usage cycle, by modeling their energy consumption (electricity or fuel) and the supply chains of the supplied energy, (well-to-wheel) based on a life cycle assessment. The results show that running EVs with the existing mixed sources of electrical energy produce larger impacts on the environment 60% of the time; when compared to HEVs. When compared to ICEVs, EVs produce a larger environmental impact on 7 out of 15 environmental impact categories. Overall the environmental impacts of EVs are substantial based on the well-to-wheel analysis. It will continue to be so if no change is made to the methods of electricity generation in the near future. Given that the environmental profile of EVs is linked with the existing national electricity generation mix, the national electricity supply must be made cleaner before the electrification of the urban transport system.     

STCW公约马尼拉修正案背景下对高职航海技术专业实践教学的思考

文章概述了STCW公约马尼拉修正案对航海技术专业修改的主要内容及影响，并从实践教学出发．分析了现阶段高职航海技术专业实践教学中师资队伍、教学实训设备、教学内容等方面存在的问题，提出了相应对策和建议．以期为履约过程中全面的教学改革提供思路。     

船舶海水管系的腐蚀问题及防止措施

船舶海水管系的腐蚀问题是影响使用和维修费用的重要因素。文章针对目前海水管系腐蚀情况,主要分析了船舶管系腐蚀特点和机理,并推断了的影响腐蚀的主要因素,同时提出了几种防腐措施,可供参考。     

浅析影响路基压实的施工因素及其处理措施

分析了目前路基压实中存在的问题,并提出了相应的控制措施.     

英国职业教育特色与启示

文章介绍了中英职业教育合作项目的背景与进展,研究了英国当前的职业教育状况,分析了先进的教育经验．并对合作项目下的汽修课程体系改革作出了规划。     

公路工程投标报价的探讨

从国内公路工程招投标工作的具体实践出发,探讨、分析投标报价,在帮助投标单位取得中标并获得更高施工利润的同时,希望能够与招标单位共同探讨：如何更加合理地开展投标报价,使其投标文件更具竞争性。     

航运协同中心机制创新改革研究

航运协同中心机制创新改革,是广州航海学院创新强校工程的重中之重,对学院建设以及广东省航运业发展都具有重要的影响.本文紧密结合广州航海学院实际,在大力推进创新强校工程的大背景下,从航运协同中心机制创新改革的优势、面临的问题和困难、总体构想等方面进行探讨.     

动态对动态差分相对定位方法建模与测试

揭示了传统的GNSS差分处理技术在基准站移动时所面临的问题,从差分实现的原理上首次对该问题进行了理论解释。针对这一问题建立了动态对动态差分相对定位模型,提出了测试方案并进行相应的试验验证,结果表明:所提动态对动态差分相对定位方法精度达到10cm量级,能够满足高精度动态对动态测量需求。