破碎泥质岩隧道滞后形变与衬砌刚度关系规律试验研究

为了解破碎泥质岩隧道滞后变形与衬砌刚度的关系,以云桂铁路小寨隧道工程为依托,通过室内模型试验对小寨隧道实际开挖、支护及支护完成后围岩的劣化过程进行模拟,对围岩劣化过程中二次衬砌的围岩压力、位移及内力的变化规律进行研究。研究结果表明： 衬砌刚度对于控制泥质岩隧道滞后变形有着重要的影响; 二次衬砌的刚度越大,其承受的围岩压力及内力越大,则最大弯矩越大,容易出现开裂;针对小寨隧道的实际情况,30 cm的初期支护+I25b型钢钢架+40 cm的C35钢架混凝土二次衬砌是较优的支护结构设置。     

FLNG结构设计若干关键技术问题分析

总布置方案的特点决定了结构设计的特殊性和复杂性;从总强度分析的角度,讨论了船体梁载荷的确定方法和适用于薄膜舱应力衡准的船体梁剖面模数校核方法;从薄膜舱晃荡强度分析的角度,讨论了薄膜舱晃荡强度分析载荷和适用范围的确定方法;从有限元分析的角度,讨论了有限元强度评估范围和首、尾货舱加载工况,并总结了船体结构在有限元强度评估中发现的突出问题和解决方法。     

车用质子交换膜燃料电池水含量估计方法综述

质子交换膜燃料电池 （Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC） 进行水管理的目的,是保证电池内部始终处于水平衡状态,实现长期稳定工作并且保持最高输出性能。精细的水管理策略依赖于电池内部的水含量状态准确量化的评估方法。总结归纳了目前国内外 PEMFC水含量的估计方法,概括为基于模型以及基于试验的两种方法;在对比分析现有估计方法优缺点的基础上,提出进一步研究的重点及方向。对车用 PEMFC水含量在线估计的研究具有重要的理论基础及工程应用价值。     

香港屯门路重新铺面有效性的定量分析

屯门路是香港最繁忙的道路之一,在25年大交通量的营运期间,经历了数次重新铺面。作为屯门路路面结构调查的一部分,采用了室内间接拉伸劲度模量试验评价了该路的路面剩余强度,并根据香港地区高温和无冰冻的气候条件设计了浸水处理方法,通过残留的间接拉伸模量比MRR分析了对旧路面材料的影响,从而定量地分析了重新铺面的效果。试验分析显示,随着铺面次数的增加,MRR增大,路面中面层和下面层的抗水损能力增强。     

变截面平面梁单元的双线性模型

从变形体虚功原理出发,推导了平面任意变截面梁单元的刚度阵和质量阵;从用户使用方便简单的角度提出了一种双线性变截面模型,在此基础上得到了梁单元的刚度阵、质量阵以及机动法求影响线公式的显式表达式.算例表明双线性变截面梁单元符合位移有限元的特点,在应用方便情况下能有效地提高精度,具有一定的实用性.     

旋转压实试件的高温蠕变特性研究

作者在本文采用先进的材料系统(MTS),对旋转压实机(SGC)成型的试件了进行单轴静载蠕变试验,得出了沥青混合料在荷载作用下变形随时间的蠕变变形曲线,并根据这些蠕变曲线分析了不同温度和荷载水平对沥青混合料蠕变性能的影响.     

薄壁箱梁剪滞效应一维有限元分析

根据最小势能原理,建立薄壁箱梁挠曲剪滞基本微分方程.以其解析式作为形函数,利用刚度系数的定义,推导了考虑剪滞影响的箱形梁单元刚度矩阵及等效结点力公式.用该梁单元对一箱梁模型进行计算,并与按SAP通用程序计算结果及试验结果进行比较,证实了本文方法简单而且有效.为了探讨各种剪滞翘曲位移模式的合理性,分别选取二次抛物线、三次抛物线、四次抛物线及余弦函数等翘曲位移模式进行计算;结果表明,这些翘曲位移模式在一定程度上均存在不足,目前还缺乏一种更加合理的位移模式.     

拼装式双柱桥墩的线性地震反应分析研究

拼装式双柱桥墩由于采用的接头形式不同,分析中应选用不同的计算图式,从而其动力特性具有各自的特点.通过对拼装式双柱桥墩的自振特性及地震反应特点、不同计算图式对地震反应的影响以及地基弹簧刚度对自振特性的影响研究,为类似的此类结构设计提供参考.     

Experimental research on dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness for longitudinal vibration control of propulsion shafting system北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］In order to control the first longitudinal vibration mode of propulsion shafting systems, a dynamic vibration absorber with disc spring negative stiffness is proposed and its experimental verification carried out. ［Methods］A test bench is established for the propulsion shafting system containing a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness. According to the first longitudinal vibration mode of the shafting, a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness integrated into the thrust bearing is developed. Vibration transmission tests under different rotational speeds, static thrusts and negative stiffness are then carried out, and acceleration response data on the thrust bearing foundation and shafting is obtained. ［Results ］ The results show that the developed dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness can achieve vibration suppression of 7.8 dB for the thrust bearing foundation in the first longitudinal mode of the propulsion shafting with a mass ratio of 1.6%, and the vibration control effect of the negative stiffness dynamic vibration absorber is maintained at 3.3 dB when the natural frequency changes by 5% and the thrust changes by 40%. The vibration response on the thrust bearing foundation and shafting do not deteriorate even at non-optimal negative stiffness. ［Conclusions］This study shows that a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness can effectively suppress vibration transmission at the first longitudinal mode of a shafting under different rotational speeds. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Support condition monitoring of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines in layered soil based on model updating

Monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are dynamically sensitive structures whose fundamental frequencies may be close to those of environmental and turbine-related excitations. The changes in fundamental frequencies caused by pile-soil interaction (PSI) may result in unwanted resonance and serious O&M (Operation and Maintenance) issues, which have been identified as major challenges in the research field. Therefore, a novel model updating framework with an implicit objective function is proposed to monitor both the stiffness and damping variation of the OWT system based on the measured vibration characteristics, which is further verified by laboratory tests. In particular, layered soil was considered in the tests to simulate the practical soil conditions of Chinese seas. Different pile lengths were introduced to consider the long-term PSI effects for rigid piles and slender piles. The results showed that the variation in the fundamental frequency is significantly reduced in layered soil compared with the pure sand scenario. For the OWT systems in layered soil, the variation in foundation stiffness is negatively related to the burial depth under cyclic loading. The proposed model updating framework is proven reliable for support condition monitoring of OWT systems in complicated soil conditions.