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101.
The relationship between land use and the utility of automobile travel is examined by refining the utility concept, particularly by combining the microeconomic utility theory, which is concerned with the disutility of travel, and the perspective on the positive utility. A conceptual model is accordingly developed and then adjusted considering different purposes of travel. The purpose-specific models are tested through a Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes approach in Seoul, Korea, using datasets from a sample survey and geographic information systems. The major finding is that land use affects the utility mainly by changing synergy and affective utility rather than instrumental utility, which encompasses disutility variables. Among land use variables, the utility is found to be the most sensitive to the number of transit facilities for commuting and shopping travel and land use balance for leisure travel. 相似文献
102.
Reza Taromi Michael DuRoss Bintong Chen Ardeshir Faghri Mingxin Li Tracy DeLiberty 《运输规划与技术》2015,38(3):277-304
This paper develops a multiobjective optimization model to consider transportation impacts of the future development of land. The output of the model is the best location and type of land use that has minimal negative transportation effects and uses the maximum available public transportation infrastructure. It provides tools for both planners and transportation engineers and enables them to consider different scenarios of possible policies and land development. Since multiple objectives and their nonlinear structures are considered, the model is solved using mixed integer nonlinear programming. The final results are shown in both tabular and graphical format. The effectiveness of the model is applied to the northern part of New Castle County, Delaware. The results show that the model successfully finds the best locations for both residential and commercial land uses in order to meet several criteria discussed in the paper. 相似文献
103.
Urban mobility is one of the main concerns of the public authorities in developed countries. In France, household travel surveys are conducted every ten years in major cities to gather weekday mobility data. They enable decision-makers to better understand travel patterns, their change and their determinants, in order to adapt transport infrastructures to the population′s needs. While the automobile has allowed the level of mobility to increase since 1950, an unexpected finding has emerged from recent surveys in most developed countries, namely that there has been a marked decline in car use. Analyses show that this trend is mainly because young adults (18–34 years old) are less likely to acquire a driver′s license. This paper tries to better understand the decrease in the rate of driver′s license holding among young adults in the Lyon conurbation and to quantify the impact of the main explanatory factors in a temporal perspective. It also aims to analyze the consequences of this trend on private car use as a driver for daily trips. It quantifies the influence of economic, socio-demographic and spatial factors on driver ′ s license holding and car use by considering the responses to the last three household travels surveys conducted in the Lyon conurbation area (1995, 2006 and 2015). The temporal dimension allows us to highlight a change in the relationship between young adults and the private car in the French context. 相似文献
104.
105.
在新军事变革浪潮的推动下,世界军事强国都把增强战略运输能力作为军队建设的一项重要内容。我国陆海空疆域广阔,维护国家统一和海洋权益任务严峻,加强战略运输能力建设更显紧要。从战略交通运输网建设、战略运输力量结构调整完善、交通运输动员能力与战略运输指挥能力等方面,提出了对策建议。 相似文献
106.
���ô�����ʡ�������ý�ͨģ�͵ķ�չ 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
钟鸣 《交通运输系统工程与信息》2007,7(1):79-91
加拿大阿尔伯塔省经济的飞速发展,使得为全省制定合理的交通规划成为一项迫切的任务,在这种情况下,本文提出了全省的土地利用交通模型。该模型以PECAS(生产、交易和消费分派系统)结构为基础,实质是在整体经济的前提下考虑基本的交通需求(商品、服务、劳动力交换的流通过程)而进行交通规划。生产、交易和消费分派系统是一种空间经济模拟系统,它侧重交通规划和发展规划,近几年在美国提出并在一些州和城市得到应用。阿尔伯塔省土地利用交通模型受其模型建立基础,尤其是MEPLAN 和TRANUS模型的影响,但该模型在理论基础和行为描述上都做了明显的改进。本文从数据源和标定方法方面介绍加拿大阿尔伯塔省的土地利用交通模型的建立和发展。 相似文献
107.
军用运输车辆机动伪装探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
分析了军用运输车在行车状态中的暴露征候,主要包括光学波段、雷达和热红外暴露征候等。从加强组织指挥、充分利用各种器材和方法、车辆重点部位伪装、音响伪装等方面提出了相应对策,旨在提高战时车辆机动的伪装效能。 相似文献
108.
随着我国经济日新月异的发展,城市化和机动化的现象越来越不可忽视。随之而来的是城市无序蔓延,交通、能源和环境问题日益突出。因此,我们的城市中心地带交通拥堵、空气质量恶化已成为重大难题。为了解决这些问题,研究了世界上其他类似国家和地区,吸取他们的经验和教训,提出了用快速公交推动城市发展的建议。论文分析了快速公交和公交引导发展的优势及适用性,比较了快速公交和其他公交模式的差异,最后建议在我国现阶段用快速公交来引导发展,结合土地使用和城市规划,实现城市的健康、高效、可持续发展。 相似文献
109.
拥挤道路使用收费的理论构架 总被引:17,自引:3,他引:17
拥挤道路使用收费作为现代城市交通需求管理的有效措施在理论上和实践上都具有十分重要的意义。综述了拥脐道路使用收费的理论构架,包括静态拥脐道路使用收费的涵义,分类、理论基础及动态收费理论,这对进一步研究道路使用收费有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
110.