基于分层系数法与混合比法的长江口盐淡水混合规律研究

采用长江口4条入海汊道3个月的水文测验资料,研究长江口的盐度分布格局和盐淡水混合情况,运用分层系数法和混合比法对长江口实测盐度数据进行分析。结果表明:北支汊道的盐度最高,洪、枯变幅大,全年均为垂向均匀混合型;南支3条汊道盐度从高到低依次为南槽、北槽、北港;盐淡水混合强度从高到低依次为南槽、北槽、北港,这与长江口北港分流量大于北槽、北槽分流量大于南槽的格局相对应;枯季的混合强度大于洪季,大潮的混合强度大于小潮。盐淡水的混合强度呈周期性变化,涨急前后垂向混合程度最大,涨潮的混合强度高于落潮时的混合强度。     

港口工程中贫混凝土基层结构设计及配合比研究

介绍港口工程中贫混凝土基层结构的设计和计算方法;从施工角度对贫混凝土材料的配合比进行了试验和研究,旨在为该材料的合理配制提供有益的借鉴和参考。     

混流泵内流场的数值模拟

利用FLUENT软件,采用标准k-ε双方程紊流模型和SIMPLE算法对混流泵内部的三维紊流流动进行数值模拟.通过对其内部流动速度、压力分布的分析,揭示了其内部流动的主要特征,对其性能及改进提供相关信息.     

Estimates of vertical mixing during a Lagrangian experiment off the Galician coast

An adjoint 1-D model was used to determine vertical diffusivity coefficients from temperature profiles collected within a filament escaping from the Galician coast following an upwelling event. The optimisation scheme ended with relatively high diffusivity values within the thermocline (9×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹). Such high values are relevant for biogeochemical exchanges between surface and deep waters in stratified areas.The optimised values were several orders of magnitude higher than the bulk of diffusivity measurements recorded with a free-falling device; however, the optimisation solution was consistent with the arithmetic mean of the measurements in the thermocline (7.7×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹), giving more weight to the few largest values. Below the thermocline, the data assimilation method failed because of the three-dimensional nature of the advective field of the upwelling system. Ignoring this advective forcing in the model led to estimates that were two orders of magnitude too high.The results suggest that turbulent mixing is a random process where a few intense events determine the average mixing that drives the long-term evolution of the water column structure. This statistical property is very important when one wants to use instantaneous diffusivity measurements for modelling purposes.     

A dense water outflow from the Ross Sea, Antarctica: Mixing and the contribution of tides

We use hydrographic, current, and microstructure measurements, and tide-forced ocean models, to estimate benthic and interfacial mixing impacting the evolution of a bottom-trapped outflow of dense shelf water from the Drygalski Trough in the northwestern Ross Sea. During summer 2003 an energetic outflow was observed from the outer shelf ( 500 m isobath) to the  1600 m isobath on the continental slope. Outflow thickness was as great as  200 m, and mean speeds were  0.6 m s^− 1 relative to background currents exceeding  1 m s^− 1 that were primarily tidal in origin. No outflow was detected on the slope in winter 2004, although a thin layer of dense shelf water was present on the outer shelf. When the outflow was well-developed, the estimated benthic stress was of order one Pascal and the bulk Froude number over the upper slope exceeded one. Diapycnal scalar diffusivity (K_z) values in the transition region at the top of the outflow, estimated from Thorpe-scale analysis of potential density and measurements of microscale temperature gradient from sensors attached to the CTD rosette, were of order 10^− 3−10^− 2 m² s^− 1. For two cases where the upper outflow boundary was particularly sharply defined, entrainment rate w_e was estimated from K_z and bulk outflow parameters to be  10^− 3 m s^− 1 ( 100 m day^− 1). A tide-forced, three-dimensional primitive equation ocean model with Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure scheme for diapycnal mixing yields results consistent with a significant tidal role in mixing associated with benthic stress and shear within the stratified ocean interior.     

间歇式沥青搅拌设备称量系统设计

从沥青搅拌设备供料系统到称量系统机构及控制系统设计,全面阐述了影响沥青搅拌设备称量精度的因素及在实际应用中的合理解决办法,并提出沥青搅拌设备称量精度指标要求.     

浅谈水泥乳化沥青砂浆在京沪高铁施工中的应用

就水泥乳化沥青砂浆的配合比的配置、调整、现场搅拌、施工等过程控制和施工工艺等方面在京沪高铁施工过程中的应用作了介绍,为水泥乳化沥青砂浆在今后高铁施工过程中提供参考。     

深水复杂地质深孔灌注桩施工技术

以松陶铁路第二松花江特大桥主桥(48+4×80+48)m跨松花江主河道桩基施工为例,从设备选型,钻孔工艺,水下灌筑以及质量控制等方面,介绍在江底复杂地质条件下,深孔灌注桩基的施工技术及控制要点。     

水泥粉煤灰搅拌饱和黄土强度影响因素试验研究

兰州至中川机场铁路工程沿线大多地段属于饱和黄土地基,承载力低,压缩性大,采取水泥土搅拌桩复合地基进行加固。对水泥粉煤灰搅拌饱和黄土强度特性进行试验研究。在不同的水泥和粉煤灰(以下简称"二灰")掺和比、不同的龄期、不同的水泥强度等级下,分析水泥土无侧限抗压强度的变化规律。试验结果表明:水泥土无侧限抗压强度随二灰掺量、龄期的增加而增大,二灰掺量为20%的水泥土无侧限抗压强度是二灰掺量为15%的1.42倍,是二灰掺量12%的1.9倍;当二灰总掺入量不变,粉煤灰掺入量占二灰比例为1/5、1/4、1/3时,水泥土强度略有降低;水泥土无侧限抗压强度随水泥强度等级的提高而显著增大,且随二灰掺量的增加,水泥土强度增加幅度增大。     

塑性混凝土的研究

防渗墙采用塑性混凝土施工,应具有良好的可施工性,通过塑性混凝土配合比的设计,可以满足其施工要求。当固定膨润土的掺量、改变水泥用量时,塑性混凝土28 d的立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、立方体劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗拉强度、静力抗压弹性模量随着水泥用量的增加而增加;如果固定水泥掺量、改变膨润土的掺量时,结果却与其相反。