甲状腺癌生存率及其影响因素

目的　对甲状腺癌患者生存率及其影响因素进行分析 ,以期为提高甲状腺癌的诊疗水平和延长病人的生存时间提供依据。方法　对 89例甲状腺癌患者进行统一问卷调查 ,采用寿命表法计算生存率 ,并采用Cox回归进行影响因素分析。结果　甲状腺癌 5年和 1 0年生存率乳头状 ,滤泡状 ,髓样和未分化癌分别为 93 3% ,87 7% ;80 0 % ,80 0 % ;1 0 0 0 % ,80 0 % ;30 0 % ,30 0 %。排除了混杂因素作用后 ,影响甲状腺癌预后的因素按其重要性大小依次为 :病理类型、城乡、性别、有无淋巴结转移和年龄。结论　甲状腺癌的生存率较高 ,影响其生存率的主要因素为病理类型、城乡、性别、有无淋巴结转移及年龄。     

高血压盐敏感者血管性血友病因子与尿内皮素-1及动态血压的关系

目的　探讨盐敏感性高血压患者血浆血管性血友病因子 (vWF)水平与尿内皮素 1(ET 1 )及动态血压的关系。方法　 32例原发性高血压患者和 2 1例血压正常自愿者用急性静脉盐水负荷试验确定盐敏感者 ,并检测血浆vWF水平、尿ET 1排泄量、尿钠排泄量及血压。结果　盐敏感性高血压患者血浆vWF水平显著高于盐不敏感者 ,盐水负荷后 4h盐敏感性高血压患者血浆vWF水平较盐负荷前显著增加 ,尿ET 1排泄量在盐敏感性高血压患者显著低于盐不敏感者 (P <0 .0 1 )。盐敏感性高血压患者盐负荷后尿钠排泄明显减少 ,血浆vWF与尿ET 1呈负相关 ,与动态血压水平呈正相关。结论　盐敏感性高血压患者存在明显内皮功能障碍 ,并与尿ET 1排泄减少及较高血压水平有关。     

中学生不良健康行为及其相关因素分析

目的　了解青少年多种不良行为现状及其影响因素。方法　对西乡县两所中学高中一、二年级的学生进行问卷调查。结果　①学生吸烟率 2 1 8% ,吸烟的主要原因是“心情不好” ,其影响因素有性别、学校类型、生源地、学习成绩、父母婚姻状况及校外朋友的多少 ;②饮酒率5 2 1 % ,饮酒的主要原因是“庆贺高兴的事情” ,影响饮酒的因素有性别、年龄、父母的管教、学习成绩及校外朋友的多少 ;③ 3 9 9%学生曾有过离家出走的行为或念头 ,主要是因为“家长误解” ;④ 2 6 5 %学生曾有过自杀的念头 ,4 4%有过自杀的行为 ,主要是因为“学习压力太大” ,影响自杀念头的因素有性别和人际关系 ,影响自杀行为的因素有学习成绩和学校类型 ;⑤ 3 5 %的学生报告曾有过性行为 ,主要原因是“一时冲动” ,影响性行为的因素有年龄和校外朋友的多少 ;⑥除吸烟、饮酒与自杀念头无关 ,离家出走的行为或念头与自杀行为无关外 ,其余各行为之间均有显著的相关性。结论　该地区青少年的不良健康行为比较严重 ,应引起有关部门的重视。     

电子机柜模态试验与分析

以重新组装后的车载环境下的电子机柜样机为研究对象,力求在机柜结构方案设计阶段获知和改善其动态特性,以提高结构在动态环境中抵御振动和冲击的能力,文中将现代测试手段与模态分析技术相结合,介绍了电子机柜的试验模态分析方法,从工程应用出发,采用力锤激励进行了模态试验,并应用模态分析软件辨识其模态参数,与有限元模型参数进行了比较和误差分析,为进一步的理论分析及结构设计改进提供了指导．     

缓粘结预应力技术在高铁站房中的应用研究

结合新建太焦城际铁路晋城东站、高平东站两座高铁站房工程实例,详细介绍了高速铁路站房缓粘结预应力施工工艺流程及关键施工技术,并制定试验方案和流程开展了缓凝粘合剂的稠度对预应力筋摩擦损失的影响分析。通过试验对胶黏剂的稠度、硬度及缓粘结预应力钢绞线的摩擦系数分析,认为当现场施工温度超过25℃时,缓凝粘合剂的固化会被加速,摩擦损失增大。因此,现场施工中需要准确控制施工温度和缓凝粘合剂的实际张拉适用期,以保证在摩擦损失较小的张拉适用期内完成张拉。     

Real time transit demand prediction capturing station interactions and impact of special events

Demand for public transportation is highly affected by passengers’ experience and the level of service provided. Thus, it is vital for transit agencies to deploy adaptive strategies to respond to changes in demand or supply in a timely manner, and prevent unwanted deterioration in service quality. In this paper, a real time prediction methodology, based on univariate and multivariate state-space models, is developed to predict the short-term passenger arrivals at transit stations. A univariate state-space model is developed at the station level. Through a hierarchical clustering algorithm with correlation distance, stations with similar demand patterns are identified. A dynamic factor model is proposed for each cluster, capturing station interdependencies through a set of common factors. Both approaches can model the effect of exogenous events (such as football games). Ensemble predictions are then obtained by combining the outputs from the two models, based on their respective accuracy. We evaluate these models using data from the 32 stations on the Central line of the London Underground (LU), operated by Transport for London (TfL). The results indicate that the proposed methodology performs well in predicting short-term station arrivals for the set of test days. For most stations, ensemble prediction has the lowest mean error, as well as the smallest range of error, and exhibits more robust performance across the test days.     

Energy factors for flexible fuel engines and vehicles operating with gasoline-ethanol blends

This work investigates the energy factors for fuel conversion from the analysis of brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) maps of a sample of 15 engines, representative of 75% of current models available in the Brazilian market. The method also employs the engine driving patterns of power output versus crankshaft speed obtained from bench dynamometer tests. The energy factors obtained from the engine analysis was validated against experiments carried out with two production vehicles in laboratory tests following the 1975 US Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75) procedure and road tests following 16 different urban and highway routes. The fuels used in the tests were hydrous ethanol (E100, 6 v/v % water) and a blend of 22 v/v % anhydrous ethanol and 78 v/v % gasoline (E22). The energy factors found from the 3D engine BSFC map analysis were higher than those obtained from the Willans line, currently adopted as a standard, by 52% for E22 and 57% for E100. The results from the 3D engine BFSC maps and the first vehicle following the FTP-75 cycle and 15 road routes were similar, also close to the results from the second vehicle, qualifying them to be representative of modern flexible fuel spark ignition engines and vehicles.     

新型桁架箱体浮筏结构重量优化研究

结合桁架结构的优点,将桁架结构应用于传统浮筏形成一种新型桁架箱体浮筏结构,并对其重量进行优化。首先在有限元软件Abaqus中建立了桁架箱体浮筏模型,然后基于模态分析,重力场分析和抗冲击分析,以筏架上、下面板厚度为设计变量,分析了面板厚度变化对结构刚度及强度水平的影响,且在保证足够刚度和强度水平的前提下,浮筏减重可达15.4%。本文的研究可为新型桁架箱体浮筏的结构轻量化设计奠定基础。     

基于ANSYS的超声波激励下悬臂梁的动力学特性分析

文章针对原子力显微镜超声波激励模式下的振动行为运用ANSYS进行模态分析,并结合实验对悬臂梁上探针的振动频率对图像质量的影响进行研究分析,实验结果表明：超声激励的振动如果接近或等于悬臂梁的固有频率或低频状态下,图像的分辨率就会有明显的下降,而且振幅有很大偏差。因此,在实验过程中要避开悬臂梁的固有频率,就能提高成像质量。