地铁换乘车站火灾报警系统的资源共享

对北京地铁各种换乘车站进行分析,着重从换乘形式、运营管理、开通时序等角度,对换乘车站火灾自动报警系统的设置方案进行阐述;借鉴上海、广州的调研结果,通过对北京地铁实际工程方案的对比,得出适合北京地铁换乘车站火灾自动报警系统资源共享的最优建议方案.     

对编制《地铁设计规范》运营组织部分的思考

阐明运营管理部分在规范中的意义及其编制内容的确定,从如何理解运营概念、确定运营和建设规模以及运营模式的规定、运行交路的设定、辅助配线的设定等方面,阐述对编制重点内容的思考和解读.最后得出结论:结合国内外的工程设计实践和目前各城市运营管理经验,改变原有的设计模式和思路,加强相关科技和理论研究,改善和优化专业结构和技术手段...     

Optimization method of alternate traffic restriction scheme based on elastic demand and mode choice behavior

As a countermeasure to urban traffic congestion, alternate traffic restriction (ATR) involves a certain proportion of automobiles being prohibited from entering pre-determined ATR districts during specific time periods. The present study introduces an optimization method for ATR schemes in terms of both their restriction districts and the proportion of restricted automobiles. As a Stackelberg game between traffic policy makers and road users, the ATR scheme optimization problem is established using a bi-level programming model, with the upper-level examining an ATR scheme aimed at consumers’ surplus maximization under the condition of overload flow minimization, and the lower-level synthetically optimizing elastic demand, mode choice (private car, public transit and park-and-ride) and multi-class user equilibrium assignment. A genetic algorithm based on the graph theory is also proposed to solve the bi-level programming model with a gradient project algorithm for solving the lower-level model. To our knowledge, this study represents the first attempt to theoretically optimize an ATR scheme using a systematic approach with mathematical model specification.     

既有钢筋混凝土梁桥的承载力可靠度分析

承载力可靠度是反映既有钢筋混凝土梁桥安全性的重要指标．对于既有钢筋混凝土梁桥,其材料强度和结构尺寸可以通过现场检测获得,同时,在桥梁服役期间内,桥梁已经承受了某一水平荷载的验证,并且桥梁各主要失效模式问存在相关性．综合考虑多种因素,建立了既有钢筋混凝土梁桥承载力可靠度分析的模型和方法,并应用于一座跨径为19．5m的5片简支梁桥的承载力可靠度评估中．     

Transition between Signal Timing Plans: A Methodological and Analytical Overview

Abstract

The transition phase is generally defined as the process of switching from one timing plan to another; this process may include changes in offset, phase split or cycle length until coordination for a new timing plan is reached once again. As noted in the literature, transition phases between timing plans may lead to severe disruptions of traffic flow, resulting in potentially lasting effects. The aim of this paper is to comprehensively review, classify and analyse the literature regarding transition between different timing plans to highlight existing research gaps and give researchers a starting point to continue contributing with solutions to the transition problem. Regarding transition approaches, a gap concerning mathematical approaches was deemed significant as a transition could be greatly benefited by simultaneously optimising more than one operational measure of effectiveness through multi-objective mathematical models. Moreover, in the analysis of applied approaches, Shortway algorithms generally outperformed other practical methods under different scenarios.     

加强新时期国防交通物资储备建设的思考

进入新的历史时期,由于我国军事战略方针的调整、交通建设的发展、交通重点目标的调整及交通工程设施结构的变化,使得国防交通物资在储备布局、储备结构和储备模式等方面与新形势下交通保障任务不相适应,需要做相应的调整和优化。优化储备布局:加强应急应战一体化建设,在敏感地区、边疆省份以及自然灾害多发地区填补储备空白,建立中心库-预置库的新型储备模式;完善储备结构:加强储备物资的更新换代工作、增加新型保障器材、加大配套物资储备;创新储备模式:使储备主体多元化、储备形式多样化、储备物资基地化,最终形成较为完善的国防交通物资储备体系、提高国防交通物资的保障能力。     

基于偏差最大化和信息熵定量比较多种城市交通方式的研究

总结归纳多种城市交通方式的可持续发展属性,建立基于偏差最大化和信息熵的比较优化模型,确定属性差异大则权重大的原则,求解模型,从而进行比较排序评价。为多种交通方式的比较评价提供一种简单客观的计算方法,为城市交通方式规划提供基本依据。方法简单,实用。     

中国食盐供应链模式分析

当下国家的食盐市场尚不具备成熟的经营主体、消费者群体及市场监管,无法实现食盐经营市场化。在此背景下,本文概述了美国、日本和中国的盐业体制特点、供应链模式的现状及问题,然后,借鉴美国供应链模式的优势,在分析我国食盐供应链运作特点及各环节参与者矛盾的基础上从纵向和横向两方面对食盐供应链运作提出优化建议,如在专营体制下优化食盐供应链及建立食盐供应链的市场化组织结构。最后,对建立食盐供应链的市场化组织结构进行展望。