FPSO改装项目内部转塔系统及安装工艺

简单介绍浮式生产储油装置(Floating Production Storage and Offloading,FPSO)改装项目,较详细地阐述该FPSO改装项目上的内部转塔系统及其安装工艺,以此对未来这一领域的发展提供安装工艺方面的指导和说明。     

浮式储存及再气化装置(FSRU)码头特点及其设计要点

随着LNG调峰需求日益增强,FSRU码头作为一种灵活有效的方案受到青睐。但我国仅有一个FSRU码头,鲜有相关研究。总结FSRU码头特点,系统展现FSRU码头的4种类型;结合某17万m3FSRU船,与常规LNG码头的平面设计进行对比,详细论述FSRU码头设计要点。结果表明,FSRU码头具有选址相对容易、建设周期短、建造投资少、运营灵活等优点;设计要点包含确定项目产品要求、确定FSRU船舶参数、工作平台、靠船墩和系缆墩的布置设计等方面。     

复杂海域条件下大跨悬索桥钢箱梁安装关键技术

浙江秀山大桥主桥为主跨926 m的双塔三跨连续钢箱梁悬索桥,全桥加劲梁共分89个安装节段,标准节段吊装重量212.6 t,最大吊装重量247.1 t.桥址处地理环境复杂、海洋环境恶劣,钢箱梁安装难度大.根据现场实际情况,钢箱梁中跨由跨中向桥塔方向对称吊装,两岸边跨由锚碇向桥塔方向对称吊装,先合龙中跨再合龙边跨.施工过程...     

新巴拿马型散货船系泊系统推荐布置

针对巴拿马运河扩建后,通航运河的散货船增多,前期建造的散货船由于系泊系统不合要求,不能通过运河的情况,根据巴拿马运河管理局2021年颁布的航运通告对系泊系统的布置要求,对某改造及新造两系列散货船,依次从艏、舯、艉部给出系泊系统的推荐布置,运营结果表明,船舶系泊系统布置方案满足相关规则及船东要求.     

快速脱缆钩过载问题分析与解决措施研究

本文介绍了巴基斯坦卡西LNG码头双船并靠模式的快速脱缆钩布置和选型方法,介绍了FSRU/LNG船舶的系缆过程以及在这个过程中发生的快速脱缆钩过载停车故障问题,针对停车故障问题,分别进行了三次现场检测研究,通过检测引缆过程中快速脱缆钩绞盘电动机内的电压和电流,计算出电动机的实际功率和实际拉力,并针对检测结果的详细分析研究...     

表面损伤斜拉索雷诺数临界区气动力与流场分析

斜拉索由于具有自身质量轻、结构刚度差、结构阻尼小和自身长细比大的特点,极容易发生风（雨）致振动,对桥梁结构的安全性能产生很大的影响,而斜拉索作为斜拉桥的重要受力构件,准确掌握其风荷载对于桥梁抗风设计具有重要意义,特别是斜拉索在生产、运输和安装过程中表面可能受到损伤,该斜拉索在临界雷诺数区的气动力特性和流场特性更是值得研究的问题。针对此种状况,通过同步测力风洞试验,对表面无损伤斜拉索模型和表面损伤斜拉索模型在不同风攻角下的升力系数进行时程分析,得到边界层转捩的3个区域;将升力系数时程进行快速傅里叶变换计算得到升力时程频谱图,并通过频谱图分析随机信号的频域特征;对比从雷诺数亚临界、临界到超临界区表面无损伤和表面损伤斜拉索的流场变化,并从周围流场变化的角度分析雷诺数临界区斜拉索气动稳定性及可能的机理。研究结果表明：表面无损伤和表面损伤模型的升力系数随雷诺数的变化规律基本一致,二者的升力时程在TrBL0向TrBL1阶段和TrBL1向TrBL2阶段过渡过程中会出现双稳态现象,损伤会影响斜拉索尾流区旋涡脱落的情况,进而对不同雷诺数下的Strouhal数值变化产生一定的影响。     

轨道车辆车下线缆波纹管自动穿线方案研究

通过九屏幕分析法、因果分析法和功能分析法梳理了轨道车辆车下线缆波纹管穿线的技术难点,提出新的波纹管自动穿线方案。通过方案成本核算、效率分析和工人体力负荷改善性分析对新的波纹管自动穿线方案进行评价。改进后的波纹管穿线方案能有效地提高工作效率,降低操作员的工作强度。     

斜拉索腐蚀损伤下斜拉桥体系可靠度研究

拉索腐蚀疲劳累积损伤是威胁斜拉桥运营安全的关键因素,导致斜拉桥运营期的换索次数多且换索成本高。为了准确评定斜拉索腐蚀疲劳损伤对斜拉桥结构安全的影响,从结构体系可靠性角度探索拉索腐蚀疲劳损伤的概率传递模型。分析了斜拉索腐蚀疲劳损伤对结构体系可靠度的影响规律,从而为换索决策提供依据。研究结果表明,疲劳和疲劳腐蚀效应共同作用下的拉索在20 a服役期内的强度系数分别为0.928和0.751,斜拉索抗力退化将导致斜拉桥主要失效路径变化,主梁索间距为30 m的斜拉桥在服役期的13 a,主要失效模式从由主梁弯曲失效转移至斜拉索强度失效,导致后期的结构体系可靠指标快速下降。     

A survey on modeling and control of thruster-assisted position mooring systems

This review presents a systematic summary of the state-of-the-art development of technological solutions, modeling, and control strategies of thruster-assisted position mooring (TAPM) systems. The survey serves as a starting point for exploring automatic control and real-time monitoring solutions proposed for TAPM systems. A brief historical background of the mooring systems is given. The kinematics and a simplified kinetic control-design model of a TAPM system are derived in accordance with established control methods, including a quasistatic linearized model for the restoring and damping forces based on low-frequency horizontal motions of the vessel. In addition, another two mooring line models, i.e., the catenary equation and the finite element method model, are presented for the purpose of higher-fidelity simulations. The basic TAPM control strategies are reviewed, including heading control, surge-sway damping, roll–pitch damping (for semisubmersibles), and line break detection and compensation. Details on the concepts of setpoint chasing for optimal positioning of a vessel at the equilibrium position are discussed based on balancing the mooring forces with the environmental loads and avoiding mooring line failure modes. One method for setpoint chasing is the use of a structural reliability index, accounting for both mean mooring line tensions and dynamic effects. Another method is the use of a lowpass filter on the position of the vessel itself, to provide a reference position. The most advanced method seems to be the use of a fault-tolerant control framework that, in addition to direct fault detection and isolation in the mooring system, incorporates minimization of either the low-frequency tensions in the mooring lines or minimization of the reliability indices for the mooring lines to select the optimal directions for the setpoint to move. A hybrid (or supervisory switching) control method is also presented, where a best-fit control law and observer law are automatically selected among a bank of control and observer algorithms based on the supervision of the sea-state and automatic switching logic.     

Validation of a dynamic mooring model coupled with a RANS solver

Standard design procedures and simulation tools for marine structures are aimed primarily for use by the offshore oil and gas. Mooring system restoring forces acting on floating offshore structures are obtained from a quasi-static mooring model alone or from a coupled analysis based on potential flow solvers that do not always consider nonlinear mooring-induced restoring forces, fluid structure interactions, and associated hydrodynamic damping effects. This paper presents the validation of a dynamic mooring system analysis technique that couples the dynamic mooring model with a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations solver. We coupled a dynamic mooring model with a RANS equations solver, and analyzed a moored floating buoy in calm water, regular and irregular waves and validated our motion and mooring force predictions against experimental measurements. The mooring system consisted of three catenary chains. The analyzed response comprised decaying oscillating buoy motions, linear and quadratic damping characteristics, and tensile forces in mooring lines. The generally favorable comparison of predicted buoy motions and mooring forces to experimental data confirmed the reliability of our implemented coupling technique to predict system response. Additional comparative results from a potential flow solver demonstrated the benefits of the coupled dynamic mooring model with RANS equations. The successful validated tool of coupling the dynamic mooring model with the RANS solver is available as open source, and it shows the potential of the coupled methodology to be used for analyzing the moored offshore structures.