海洋结构物时II边界积分方程的改进方法

文章基于三维时域格林函数理论,提出了一种时域边界积分方程的改进计算方法,用于预报海洋结构物在波浪中运动受到的时域波浪力.该方法通过利用物体内部构造的满足拉普拉斯方程的内部解,在时域边界积分方程中只需要计及时域格林函数记忆项本身,从而有效地避免了求解具有高震荡积分特性的时域格林函数记忆项的法向导数.对潜体和浮体作了计算,结果表明,这种方法十分有效,可以有效节省内存使用量和计算机空间.通过与相关已发表文献的结果进行比较,计算结果令人满意.     

航运企业非理性投资行为影响因素的实证研究

非理性投资行为是导致航运危机的重要原因,也是航运企业可持续发展的关键障碍.基于行为金融学理论,分析组织因素、环境因素、个人因素与航运企业非理性投资行为间的关系,并构建非理性投资行为影响因素的结构方程模型.实证结果显示:问责制度、激励措施、项目熟悉度和经验水平对非理性投资行为具有显著的负向影响;运价走势和竞争压力对非理性投资行为具有显著的正向影响;非理性投资行为会导致航运企业投资风险增加,投资绩效降低.     

Managing port-related supply chain disruptions (PSCDs): a management model and empirical evidence

ABSTRACT

In the contemporary port business environment, port resilience is of paramount importance for supply chain continuity. A result of the increased integration of ports into supply chains is ports’ potential to supply chain disruptions. This paper introduces a PSCD management model that incorporates the application of risk management, business continuity management, and quality management theories with the purpose of increasing port resilience such that supply chain continuity is enhanced. To validate this model, primary data were collected from samples of port operators and port authorities and analyzed using structural equation modeling with AMOS 22.0. The results indicate that managing PSCD using the management model contributes positively to the identification of internal and external opportunities and through that to port’s resilience of internal operations. This, in turn, positively influences port’s financial health and market reputation. The management model has several managerial and academic implications as it offers meaningful insights on policy development as well as theory building.     

What determines commute time choices? A structural equation modelling approach

Abstract

Many researchers have been attracted by the phenomenon of constant travel time, and the time spent on travel has been an important indicator of understanding travellers’ behaviours. This paper is based on a survey conducted in a university in London which includes both objective and subjective variables in relation to commute time and some demographic characteristics. Two conceptual structural models are examined in order to explore the factors determining travellers’ choices. Results of the analysis reveal some interesting relationships: (1) a positive relationship between age and commute time; (2) females are more likely to read or listen to music during their journeys, and their ideal commute time (ICT) and current commute time (CCT) generally tend to be longer; (3) academic staff tend to have the habit of working during their commute, administrative staff tend to commute longer while students tend to spend a shorter time commuting; (4) normally, a habit while travelling is significantly associated with CCT; those with a habit of reading or working during their commute journey tend to have longer commute times and (5) the relationship between CCT and commuters’ ICT and tolerable commute time is positive; both hypothesised causal relationships are significant so that a loop is formed between subjective and objective variables, and thus a dynamic modelling process could be envisaged as temporal sequences of those variables.     

内流对洪水冲击下管跨临界长度影响研究

为了研究洪水冲击管道时形成的管跨临界长度,分别介绍了洪水作用下管道的动力特性以及内流对管道特性的影响。针对管内流动与管外洪水冲击对于管道的作用,建立了内流、外流共同作用下的管道动力控制方程。结果表明:对于洪水冲击管道的问题,不应仅考虑洪水的作用,也应该考虑内流对于管道的作用;内流流速增大、压强增大、密度减小都将缩短临界长度。考虑内流的管跨临界长度,对设计及现场抢维修都具有借鉴作用。     

潜艇悬停水舱排注水控制方式比较

为合理设计悬停水舱,根据理想气体状态方程,计算不同的注排水控制方式下的潜艇高压气体消耗量和舱室气压增量,采用定性分析的方法,比较不同的注排水控制方式在噪声水平及能耗两个方面的特点。结果表明,在潜艇日益重视减振降噪及在高压空气消耗量和舱室气压增量可以接受的情况下,悬停水舱选择能耗及噪声最低的气排注控制方式最为合理。     

非均匀流场中螺旋桨水动力及噪声特性预报研究

根据螺旋桨的型值参数,在Fluent前处理器ICEM中建立流场的网格模型,采用计算流体力学（CFD）理论,结合雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯（RANS）方程计算了螺旋桨的水动力特性.利用滑移网格技术对非均匀来流下的螺旋桨的水动力进行大涡模拟计算,并结合FW-H噪声模块对螺旋桨的无空泡噪声进行了数值预报.流场预报结果显示,流场的非均匀性导致螺旋桨水动力系数的脉动存在一定的周期性,且整个螺旋桨的水动力系数与单个桨叶之间存在一定的倍数关系;声场结果表明,低频离散噪声远大于高频噪声,噪声衰减速度随频率增大而减小,螺旋桨轴向和径向衰减速度随着距桨盘面中心的距离增大而减小,且轴向声压级低于径向两侧.     

深水波列传播的不稳定性分析

深水波列传播是多影响因素共同作用的物理过程,寻求合理的参数来表征深水波列传播过程中各因素的影响,对了解深水波列传播特征有重要意义。文章基于BMNLS方程的不稳定性分析,得到一关于波陡、频带宽度和频率的特征参数Ui,并指出在深水波列传播过程中,当Ui1时波列是稳定的,在Ui1时波列为不稳定的,并随Ui的增大,不稳定性及非线性作用不断增强。同时针对边带扰动波列的传播,指出此参数可有效地表示深水波列传播特征。     

基于方差分析的中国沿海港口群港口物流能力及区域经济的差异分析

针对目前中国沿海5大经济区港口物流能力和区域经济发展不平衡问题,运用方差分析对中国沿海5大经济区港口物流能力和区域经济进行了差异分析。考虑到在指标体系的研究方法上,各因素的权重确定可能带有的较大主观性,文中用结构方程模型的研究结果来计算港口物流和区域经济的能力要素,从而为结构方程模型的研究提供了理论延伸。