齐次线性方程组基础解系的求法

本文给出了求齐次线挂方程组基础解系的一种简单求法,并结合实际案例,给出了用矩阵的初等变换直接求齐次线性方程组基础解系的详细过程。     

A dynamic traffic assignment model for a continuum transportation system

A predictive continuum dynamic user-optimal (PDUO-C) model is formulated in this study to investigate the dynamic characteristics of traffic flow and the corresponding route-choice behavior of travelers within a region with a dense urban road network. The modeled region is arbitrary in shape with a single central business district (CBD) and travelers continuously distributed over the region. Within this region, the road network is represented as a continuum and travelers patronize a two-dimensional continuum transportation system to travel to the CBD. The PDUO-C model is solved by a promising solution algorithm that includes elements of the finite volume method (FVM), the finite element method (FEM), and the explicit total variation diminishing Runge-Kutta (TVD-RK) time-stepping method. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the utility of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the solution algorithm in solving this PDUO-C problem.     

山区公路交通流随机干扰基本模型研究

山区公路因而受线形、纵坡和路面状况等因素的影响,其事故率高于其他公路。随机干扰因素作为山区公路事故发生的重要因素,一直是山区公路使用者的困扰,也是交通管理部门进行交通安全管理的难点。常规交通流模型大多不太适用于山区公路,为了研究适用于山区公路交通安全管理的交通流随机干扰模型,分析研究了山区公路交通流随机干扰交通特性,利用交通流宏观分析的欧拉方程方法以及拉格朗日方程微观分析方法建立了山区公路交通流随机干扰基本模型。     

几类高阶非齐次微分方程解的增长性

研究了一类高阶非齐次微分方程 f ()k + A k -1()z f ()k -1 +  + A0()z f = Q()z ,其中 Aj()z 为有限级整函数,Q()z 为次数小于 n 的多项式,和另一类高阶非齐次微分方程 f ()k + h k -1()z eak -1z f ()k -1 +  + h1()z ea1z f ′+( A1()z ebz + A2()z edz f = Q()z ,其中hj()z ,Ai()z 为级小于1的整函数,Q()z 为次数小于 n 的多项式,在一定条件下,得到了方程解的级的精确估计.)     

Unraveling the relationship between trip chaining and mode choice: evidence from a multi-week travel diary

Abstract

Trip chaining (or tours) and mode choice are two critical factors influencing a variety of patterns of urban travel demand. This paper investigates the hierarchical relationship between these two sets of decisions including the influences of socio-demographic characteristics on them. It uses a 6-week travel diary collected in Thurgau, Switzerland, in 2003. The structural equation modeling technique is applied to identify the hierarchical relationship. Hierarchy and temporal consistency of the relationship is investigated separately for work versus non-work tours. It becomes clear that for work tours in weekdays, trip-chaining and mode choice decisions are simultaneous and remain consistent across the weeks. For non-work tours in weekdays, mode choice decisions precede trip-chaining decisions. However, for non-work tours in weekends, trip-chaining decisions precede mode choice decisions. A number of socioeconomic characteristics also play major roles in influencing the relationships. Results of the investigation challenge the traditional approach of modeling mode choice separately from activity-scheduling decisions.     

A macroscopic taxi model for passenger demand,taxi utilization and level of services

In most urban areas taxi services are subject to various types of regulation such as entry restriction and price control. However, effective intervention depends on generating and using suitable information on the demand-supply equilibrium of the taxi market. This paper develops a simultaneous equation system of passenger demand, taxi utilization and level of services based on a taxi service situation found in the urban area of Hong Kong over the last ten years. A set of variables is introduced including number of licensed taxis, taxi fare, disposable income, occupied taxi journey time as exogenous variables and daily taxi passenger demand, passenger waiting time, taxi availability, taxi utilization and average taxi waiting time as endogenous variables. These variables are coupled together through a system of nonlinear simultaneous equations whose parameters are estimated from survey data. The simultaneous equation system can be used to obtain useful regulatory information to assist with the decisions concerning the restriction over the number of taxi licenses and the fixing of the taxi fare structure as well as a range of service quality control. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

半刚性基层沥青路面横向裂缝的演变规律

为了研究沥青路面横向裂缝的演变规律,依托江苏省高速公路历年的检测数据,选取部分路段进行精细化跟踪观测,考虑了环境和材料等因素的影响,分析了横向裂缝密度随路龄的演变规律,建立了演变模型,进行了预测分析。结果表明,横向裂缝受低温的影响较大;与AK-13或PAC-13相比,上面层材料采用SMA-13时裂缝密度较小;横向裂缝的宏观演变规律呈现出初步发展、稳步发展、快速发展的三阶段特征,可以使用结构行为方程表征;当路面养护及时时,裂缝发展较慢,方程参数β值较小。     

复数向量法的加伍德举升机构运动学分析

根据加伍德举升机构的运动特点,介绍了用复数向量法建立举升机构运动学分析的数学模型,为加伍德举升机构设计的运动学分析,提供了研究理论基础。     

黄土的结构损伤特性研究

含水量不同的Q3黄土的单轴压缩试验研究表明,Q3原状黄土的单轴应力应变关系呈软化型,曲线峰值强度后的指数型应力应变关系可以用含损伤变量的线弹性本构方程描述。而损伤的门槛值σS及初始弹性模量E0则随着含水量的增加呈线性减少。以损伤是对黄土刚度劣化为前提,由试验得到的损伤变量表达式D仅为塑性应变的函数,与含水量的关系不明显,分析认为出现这种情况的原因可能是试验数据较少而引起的,因为含水量和塑性应变有关的损伤演化方程比较符合黄土损伤的实际状况。