Are technology myths stalling aviation climate policy?

Emissions from aviation will continue to increase in the future, in contradiction of global climate policy objectives. Yet, airlines and airline organisations suggest that aviation will become climatically sustainable. This paper investigates this paradox by reviewing fuel-efficiency gains since the 1960s in comparison to aviation growth, and by linking these results to technology discourses, based on a two-tiered approach tracing technology-focused discourses over 20 years (1994–2013). Findings indicate that a wide range of solutions to growing emissions from aviation have been presented by industry, hyped in global media, and subsequently vanished to be replaced by new technology discourses. Redundant discourses often linger in the public domain, where they continue to be associated with industry aspirations of ‘sustainable aviation’ and ‘zero-emission flight’. The paper highlights and discusses a number of technology discourses that constitute ‘technology myths’, and the role these ‘myths’ may be playing in the enduring but flawed promise of sustainable aviation. We conclude that technology myths require policy-makers to interpret and take into account technical uncertainty, which may result in inaction that continues to delay much needed progress in climate policy for aviation.     

Adoption intentions for micro-mobility – Insights from electric scooter sharing in Taiwan

Micro-mobility may alleviate a number of challenges facing big cities today, and offer a pathway toward more sustainable urban transportation. This research investigates what factors influence university students’ intention to use an electric scooter sharing service. A theoretical framework adapting the theory of planned behaviour was used. Survey responses from 471 university students in Taiwan were collected. Data were analysed using factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Respondents with different levels of usage intention and in different stages of behavioural change display distinct reasoning patterns. Lack of perceived compatibility with personal values, mobility needs and life-style particularly drives students with low usage intention and pre-contemplators, who show signs of “green hypocrisy”. Awareness-knowledge about the sharing system and environmental values influence the formation of usage intention in indirect ways. This study is intended to be a reference for subsequent conceptual and empirical work on e-scooter sharing in particular, and shared mobility with other types of powered two-wheelers.     

Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways

Inland waterways are vulnerable to climate change as river navigation depends on water levels. Droughts can severely disrupt inland navigation services by reducing water levels either to completely non-navigable ones or to levels that oblige operators to reduce vessel load. We analyse the impacts of droughts induced by climate change using projections of river discharge data provided by eleven different climate model runs. We consider location specific characteristics by focusing the analysis on four specific locations of the Rhine and the Danube where a substantial part of the total freight activity in the European Union (EU) takes place. For the majority of the cases and scenarios considered, a decrease of the number of low water level days is projected, leading to fewer drought related disruptions in the operation of the inland waterway transport system. Although the uncertainties from the climate projections should not be neglected, the navigation sector could benefit from global warming which means that European inland waterways might be one of the few sectors where climate change can have negligible, or even positive, impact. The average economic benefit, for the cases considered, from the decrease of low water levels by the end of the century is projected to be almost €8million annually.     

轨道交通车站命名原则及程序探讨

通过对国家及地方地名命名政策的解析,结合重庆市轨道交通1、3号线车站命名工作中遇到的问题,特别是车站站名变更所带来的影响,探讨适合重庆轨道交通车站命名的可操作性的程序及原则,以期为其他城市的轨道交通车站命名提供参考.     

城市轨道交通服务企业战略变革机制探讨

从惯例变异的视角,简要分析企业战略变革转型的动态过程与机理,进而分析上海城市轨道交通服务企业由大规模网络建设向大规模网络运营为主战略变革的事件序贯、动力机制和情景机制,说明城市轨道交通服务企业战略变革过程中代理人、权力结构、组织文化这三个因素对变革结果影响最大,使之对城市轨道交通服务企业成功实施战略变革提供理论和现实指导。     

性别歧视在英语言语中的反映

本文在一些语言学家研究成果的基础上，结合作者本人的实际调查，从语义，词性，词序以及构词等方面进行分析，讨论了性别歧视在英语言语中的体现，同时，还对语言随社会的发展而演变，从而使性别歧视现象在言语中弱化的可能性做了深入探讨。     

软土地层基坑施工过程土锚索受力状态原位试验研究

针对软土地层深基坑施工扰动引发锚索支护系统预应力损失及其支护效果风险演化等不确定性问题,结合温州机场大型深基坑工程,进行基坑开挖全过程土锚索预应力分布特性及其演化的原位试验。通过实时数据,系统研究基坑开挖过程锚固力变化特性、施工方式和参数对锚固力的影响规律、锚索几何参数对自身受力和作用效果的影响。结果表明,近距离土体开挖卸载对锚索体系的实时锚固力产生较大幅度的突变性影响;随基坑开挖过程,各试样锚固力呈缓慢增大趋势;锚固力的损失与增大,取决于锚索结构的几何参数,当锚索长度大于等于3倍基坑深度时,锚固力损失趋于零并呈现逐渐增加趋势。该结果对软土基坑锚索支护设计具有借鉴意义。     

斜拉桥主梁挂篮悬臂施工控制

邯武快速路邯武大桥主梁采用挂篮悬臂现浇法施工,为确保结构受力合理,避免施工中主梁截面出现应力过大,使合龙后桥面线形顺畅、美观,本斜拉桥主梁施工中采用反馈监控方法。通过对施工监控量测得出的实测数据进行仿真计算,得出调整量,纠正偏差,指导后续施工,使最终斜拉桥的线形、内力满足设计要求。     

高原高寒高应力板岩施工技术研究

高原高寒高应力板岩隧道监控量测技术,能及时地掌握围岩动态的变化,随时监控到围岩的变形情况。根据监测结果指导隧道施工,提前做好隧道的大变形和坍塌掉块的预防和加固工作,为施工单位在高应力板岩施工方面提供一些参考经验。     

货运列车通过变坡点时纵向性能研究

根据列车纵向动力学原理,用计算机语言编制列车纵向动力学仿真程序。用该程序对列车在通过变坡点时紧急制动和常用制动缓解工况的纵向性能进行研究。以列车在平直道上的紧急制动和常用制动缓解工况的纵向冲动计算值作为基准值,将列车在凹形线路纵断面的紧急制动纵向冲动计算结果和凸形线路纵断面的常用制动缓解纵向冲动计算结果与基准值比较,用以确定列车通过变坡点时最不利的变换工况位置。从而对列车运行的优化操纵有一定的指导作用。