About the possibilities of using the renewable energy power sources on railway transport

Several electrification systems based on renewable energy power sources (first of all, solar energy) are discussed in respect to their applicability to railway transport and, in particular, to suburban electric trains. Two systems are considered with basic technical details and economic estimation, both including the onboard bank of batteries and the photovoltaic converters (PVC) of solar energy for compensation of energy expenses, which could be positioned either on stations or on wagon's roofs. Sun‐tracking systems and their effect on the solar energy conversion efficiency are discussed in application to stationary and moving PVC platforms. An analysis made shows that introduction of the “green” systems discussed will not only have positive ecological impact, but also can bring a notable economical effect even with today's components, while it could be considerably greater with the usage of new PVCs, which are being developed by the authors. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Use of a probabilistic particle tracking model to simulate the Prestige oil spill

A probabilistic particle tracking model is used to simulate the oil dispersion after the Prestige wreckage. This oil spill constitutes a suitable benchmark to analyze the capabilities of a probabilistic model, since the time elapsed from wreckage to oil landing (12 days) is much longer than the reliability time associated with forecast winds, usually on the order of 3–4 days. The particle model can be run in two different modes: real time mode (when existing reliable wind fields for the event under scope) and in probabilistic mode (in absence of reliable wind fields but with historical fields corresponding to a similar period). The validity of the particle model is first evaluated in a hindcast way, running the Prestige case with the wind fields corresponding to the period November 19 to November 30, 2002, which were not available at the moment of the wreckage. Calculations show the accuracy of the model to provide the right impact point and timing. The probabilistic model is then used to simulate the same event by means of historical data. The region where the oil landed is shown to be the area with the highest probability to be impacted.     

某型号武器系统跟踪机构装配过程研究

总结了某型号武器系统红外跟踪探测跟踪机构的装配过程控制技术和测试。扼要地叙述了跟踪机构的结构特点、性能指标、机械装配及装配过程中采取的一系列工艺措施。通过优化设计装配顺序和工装,为关键部件的装配和检测创造了条件,使产品的装配质量大大改观,保证了产品的一次装配成功。     

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提出了一种应用于智能交通监控系统的运动目标识别和跟踪方法。针对帧间差分提取运动目标的缺陷与不足,提出了一种基于冗余小波变换的运动目标识别算法,即直接在冗余小波变换域提取运动区域,从而检测出运动目标。对于检测出来的运动目标,本文对mean-shift算法进行了改进,采用自适应mean-shift算法,对目标进行跟踪。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法可以有效地提取运动目标,即使目标与背景具有较高的相似度,也可以较准确的提取出前景运动信息,效果要好于传统的帧差法;跟踪目标准确度高,不受目标大小变化的影响。本算法具较高的实用价值和应用前景。     

基于模糊神经网络的智能车辆循迹控制

为提高智能车辆自主循迹控制的精度,提出了一种基于模糊神经网络控制( FNNC)和神经网络预测( NNP)的智能循迹控制策略。转向控制器的输入量有3个：预瞄点处的横向循迹误差、汽车横摆角速度和侧向加速度。车速控制器的输入量有4个：预瞄点处的面积误差、侧向加速度、汽车侧偏角和转向盘转角。网络训练采用误差反向传播法。仿真与试验结果表明,所设计的循迹控制器通过对驾驶员操作样本的训练,能实现对车辆的车速与转向控制,横向循迹误差和目标车速均比较理想。     

基于序列影像种子跟踪的道路线自动提取算法

为快速建立道路精确的几何模型,利用车载移动测量系统获取的序列影像开展了道路边线自动提取方法研究.针对不同类型道路边线的特征,提出了一种基于序列影像种子跟踪的道路线自动算法.首先,对不同质量道路影像分别采用基于灰度信息和梯度信息的道路边线边缘检测方法;其次,采用线性回归模型拟合道路边线,以当前帧拟合直线为种子点,提出了基于种子直线的序列影像感兴趣预测方法,在此基础上对下一帧影像道路边线进行跟踪;最后,以高速公路和城市街区道路序列影像为例,开展了道路边线自动跟踪提取试验,结果表明此方法可以达到优于20 cm的精度,具有很好的鲁棒性.     

基于"当前"统计模型的机动目标运动要素解算

在避碰过程中,舰船一般处于机动状态.因而,对机动目标运动要素解算的精度直接影响到避碰的效果.通过对多种模型的比较,选用了"当前"统计模型,"当前"统计模型相对于其他模型能够更为真实地反映目标的机动变化.仿真结果表明,此算法收敛迅速并有较高精度,其解算所得的目标运动要素能够满足舰船避碰等实用要求.     

机动目标跟踪典型算法评述

机动目标跟踪算法可以划分为两种：极大似然法和贝叶斯估计法，前者通过对目标量测序列的分析，采用与当前目标运动模式匹配度最高（极大似然性）的模型（包括系统模型和观测模型）对目标状态进行跟踪和估计；后者则首先假定一组模型，再根据量测序列进一步估计出其中每个模型的匹配概率，最后采用贝叶斯公式对全部或部分模型估计进行综合。在此框架下，论文对其中的一些典型算法进行总结和分析。     

船载多目标水声跟踪系统的实时阵列信号处理

本文介绍一种船载多目标水声跟踪系统，它以多片ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２５ＤＳＰ为核心采用并行处理技术，以达到对下快速目标实时准确定位的目的。