世界级城市街道重建策略研究——以上海市黄浦区为例

长期以来受以车为主导的规划建设理念影响,中国许多城市新建、改建道路存在尺度失衡、品质降低、活力不足等问题。首先介绍纽约、伦敦、哥本哈根、莫斯科、墨尔本等世界级城市街道重建实践经验。以上海市黄浦区为例,采用公共生活—公共空间(PLPS)调研方法,对34处地点进行行人流量调查,并针对5个公共空间进行停留活动统计。由此分析黄浦区现状街道网络的主要问题与诉求,进而提出街道重建的规划设计策略及措施推进时序。以南京东路为示范项目,探讨其现存问题并提出具体改造方案。     

ICA based speckle filtering for target extraction in SAR images using adaptive space separation

A novel approach based on independent component analysis (ICA) for speckle filtering and target extraction of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is proposed using adaptive space separation with weighted information entropy (WIE) incorporated. First the basis and the independent components are respectively obtained by ICA technique, and WIE of the image is computed; then based on the threshold computed from function T-WIE (threshold versus weighted-information-entropy), independent components are adaptively separated and the bases are classified accordingly. Thus, the image space is separated into two subspaces: "clean" and "noise". Then, a proposed nonlinear operator ABO is applied on each component of the 'clean' subspace for further optimization. Finally, recovery image is obtained reconstructing this subspace and target is easily extracted with binarisation. Note that here T-WIE is an interpolated function based on several representative target SAR images using proposed space separation algorithm.     

Lattice reduction aided MMSE Tomlinson-Harashima precoding based on VBLAST algorithm for MIMO systems

A lattice reduction aided （LRA） minimum mean square error （MMSE） Tomlinson-Harashima precoding （THP） was proposed based on vertical Bell Labs layered space time （VBLAST） algorithm for multiple input multiple output （MIMO） systems. The extended channel was used to provide optimal tradeoff between residual interference and noise amplification. The processing based on lattice reduction method helps achieve maximal diversity order. The VBLAST algorithm was applied to get the optimal processing ordering for successive interference cancellation （SIC） at transmitter. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms conventional THP and the LRA zero-forcing （ZF） THP with full diversity order.     

高墩曲线连续刚构桥的结构稳定性分析

该文以欧拉弹性理论为基础,运用空间有限元法对高墩曲线连续刚构桥在施工最大悬臂状态下的T构进行稳定性分析。计算不同工况下的结构稳定特征值,以此对高墩曲线连续刚构桥的T构施工过程进行监控。     

Hunting stability analysis of high-speed train bogie under the frame lateral vibration active control

In this paper, we study a multi-objective optimal design of three different frame vibration control configurations and compare their performances in improving the lateral stability of a high-speed train bogie. The existence of the time-delay in the control system and its impact on the bogie hunting stability are also investigated. The continuous time approximation method is used to approximate the time-delay system dynamics and then the root locus curves of the system before and after applying control are depicted. The analysis results show that the three control cases could improve the bogie hunting stability effectively. But the root locus of low- frequency hunting mode of bogie which determinates the system critical speed is different, thus affecting the system stability with the increasing of speed. Based on the stability analysis at different bogie dynamics parameters, the robustness of the control case (1) is the strongest. However, the case (2) is more suitable for the dynamic performance requirements of bogie. For the case (1), the time-delay over 10?ms may lead to instability of the control system which will affect the bogie hunting stability seriously. For the case (2) and (3), the increasing time-delay reduces the hunting stability gradually over the high-speed range. At a certain speed, such as 200?km/h, an appropriate time-delay is favourable to the bogie hunting stability. The mechanism is proposed according to the root locus analysis of time-delay system. At last, the nonlinear bifurcation characteristics of the bogie control system are studied by the numerical integration methods to verify the effects of these active control configurations and the delay on the bogie hunting stability.     

老码头升级改造中窄长高桩结构设计优化

越来越多的老码头使用年限到期或者因为业务发展,需要升级改造,而可用于升级的空间却有限,因此对于限定空间的老码头结构改造,研究窄长码头的结构形式是有必要的。基于实例,分析地质变化以及原设计方案的局限性,结合试打桩情况,将原设计高桩梁板方案调整优化为高桩墩台方案。理论计算和施工结果均表明,该设计优化可以适应窄长结构段的复杂地质,对于类似的改造工程具有借鉴意义。     

集遥感和GIS的洪水预警监测和损失评估系统

本文介绍了遥感和GIS技术在防洪领域的应用 ,提出了洪水预警监测和损失评估系统的设计原则 ,并根据面向对象的思想设计系统的各功能模块 ,实现数据管理、影像处理、空间分析和模拟输出的功能     

水泥混凝土路面板温度翘曲应力

分析了水泥混凝土路面路面板翘曲变形处理为2组垂直交叉地基梁翘曲变形叠合的威氏方法的适用性和精度,总结了半无限地基和半刚性基层上路面板的温度翘曲应力变化规律,通过引入等效梁长和当量相对梁长2个慨念,提出了半无限地基板任一点、计入半刚性基层超宽影响的梁中点的翘曲应力公式。     

A new approach to evaluating on-road public transport priority projects: balancing the demand for limited road-space

Despite widespread growth in on-road public transport priority schemes, road management authorities have few tools to evaluate the impacts of these schemes on all road users. This paper describes a methodology developed in Melbourne, Australia to assist the road management authority, VicRoads, evaluate trade-offs in the use of its limited road-space for new bus and tram priority projects. The approach employs traffic micro-simulation modelling to assess road-space re-allocation impacts, travel behaviour modelling to assess changes in travel patterns and a social cost benefit framework to evaluate impacts. The evaluation considers a comprehensive range of impacts including the environmental benefits of improved public transport services. Impacts on public transport reliability improvements are also considered. Although improved bus and tram reliability is a major rationale for traffic priority its use in previous evaluations is rare. The paper critiques previous approaches, describes the proposed method and explores some of the results found in its application. A major finding is that despite a more comprehensive approach to measuring the benefits of bus and tram priority, road-space reallocation is difficult to economically justify in road networks where public transport usage is low and car usage high. Strategies involving the balanced deployment of bus and tram priority measures where the allocation of time and space to PT minimises negative traffic impacts is shown to improve the overall management of road-space. A discussion of the approach is also provided including suggestions for further methodology development.

国土空间规划背景下我国交通规划转型思考

为应对国土空间规划转型,推动交通高质量发展,从国土空间与交通互动视角研究了我国交通发展面临的问题、趋势与对策。首先,从国土开放、国土开发、生态文明、人的美好生活等国土空间视角,分析了当前我国交通发展面临的问题,并从“两头在外”的外向型经济特征、连通度导向的交通设施布局、不完善的空间规划体系、工业化时代相对单一的价值观等方面剖析了成因。然后,从资源环境紧约束、国土开放开发格局、人口和国民生活方式变化等方面,研判了未来空间发展对交通发展要求的变化。最后,从三方面提出了我国交通规划转型的思考：建立基于资源环境承载力的国家交通发展理念,构建质量和效率导向的国家交通格局,构建多元包容的高品质交通体系。