基于OPC的输油管道泄漏监测系统

针对无法增加泄漏监测专用仪表和数据采集设备的老旧输油管道,设计了基于OPC的输油管道泄漏监测系统,利用OPC通信协议连接现有PLC服务器的方式采集管道运行参数。文中介绍了泄漏监测的原理、OPC通信协议的工作方式和系统的实现方法。系统使用负压波和流量平衡的方法进行管道泄漏识别和漏点定位。输油管道放油测试结果表明,该系统能够及时、准确地发现和定位管道泄漏点。     

钢-混凝土连续叠合梁负弯矩区裂缝宽度研究

以钢-混凝土连续叠合梁为研究对象,针对叠合梁负弯矩区裂缝发展及宽度进行了理论分析和试验研究。根据钢和混凝土的应变本构关系,分别考虑了混凝土开裂前后的受力状态,推导出钢-混凝土连续叠合梁负弯矩区裂缝宽度的理论计算公式。同时为了验证理论公式的适用性,进行了钢-混凝土叠合梁裂缝宽度试验研究。从理论与试验结果对比分析得出,在结构裂缝宽度容许范围内该理论公式与试验结果吻合良好。     

提高电流放大器电流响应速度的研究

提出采用超前校正和负反馈校正提高电流放大器输出电流响应速度方法。分析了电流放大器结构和采用输出电流反馈的工作原理，指出感性负载的时间常数是影响电流响应速度的主要因素。研究采用超前校正和负反馈校正减小负载等效时间常数的基本原理。建立了电流放大器的仿真模型，采用DSP和智能功率模块（IPM）搭建了H桥式电流放大器及其控制电路和控制软件。阶跃指令和复合指令的仿真和试验表明，两种方法均提高了输出电流的响应速度，满足快速跟随电流指令要求。     

The relationship among highway geometrics,traffic-related elements and motor-vehicle accident frequencies

This research provides a demonstration of a statistical model of accident frequency that can eventually be used as part of a proactive program to allocate safety-related highway improvement funds. Negative binomial regressions of annual accident frequency on sections of principal arterials in Washington State were estimated using data from two years (1992 and 1993). In all, 31306 observations were used in model estimation (annual accident frequencies on specific sections of highway). Our estimation results isolated the effects of various highway geometric and traffic characteristics on annual accident frequency. Subsequent elasticity computations identified the relative importance of the variables included in our specifications. The findings show that the negative binomial regression used in this paper is a powerful predictive tool and one that should be increasingly applied in future accident frequency studies.     

一种变压器耦合串联型三相二重化电压源逆变器的谐波特性分析

多重化电力变换器具有良好的输出特性,其有效开关频率高、波形质量好、动态响应快、冗余度高,在大容量电力变换器中占有优势.文章深入分析了一种变压器耦合串联型三相二重化电压源逆变器及其谐波特性,阐述了其物理意义,揭示了多重化后逆变器输出谐波的相位关系和对消规律.物理意义明确,易于理解.分析方法具有普遍性,可以应用于任意重化逆变器的谐波分析.     

The Influences of the Built Environment and Residential Self-Selection on Pedestrian Behavior: Evidence from Austin, TX

Pedestrian travel offers a wide range of benefits to both individuals and society. Planners and public health officials alike have been promoting policies that improve the quality of the built environment for pedestrians: mixed land uses, interconnected street networks, sidewalks and other facilities. Whether such policies will prove effective remains open to debate. Two issues in particular need further attention. First, the impact of the built environment on pedestrian behavior may depend on the purpose of the trip, whether for utilitarian or recreational purposes. Second, the connection between the built environment and pedestrian behavior may be more a matter of residential location choice than of travel choice. This study aims to provide new evidence on both questions. Using 1368 respondents to a 1995 survey conducted in six neighborhoods in Austin, TX, two separate negative binomial models were estimated for the frequencies of strolling trips and pedestrian shopping trips within neighborhoods. We found that although residential self-selection impacts both types of trips, it is the most important factor explaining walking to a destination (i.e. for shopping). After accounting for self-selection, neighborhood characteristics (especially perceptions of these characteristics) impact strolling frequency, while characteristics of local commercial areas are important in facilitating shopping trips.     

气举法在曹妃甸矿石码头大直径超深钢管桩清除桩心土中的应用

通过对曹妃甸矿石码头一期工程桩心吸泥工艺的方案选择过程,找出了适合曹妃甸海域地质条件的超深桩的吸泥工艺,该工艺相对于传统工艺具有投入小、效率高、操作便捷的特点,能够满足高桩码头施工流水的进度要求。     

三相V,v接线和单相I,i接线牵引变压器的组合应用

对某既有电气化铁路增建四线工程中一个110kV单相牵引变电所的扩能改建方案进行了深入研究,通过对不同牵引变压器接线型式与既有单相I,i接线牵引变压器的组合效果进行静态和动态比较后提出了利用三相V,v接线和单相I,i接线牵引变压器构成组合三相平衡接线来降低电气化铁道牵引负荷对电力系统的负序影响、充分利用供电能力的技术方案。这种组合接线的应用,既能降低对电力系统短路容量的要求,又增大了对不平衡牵引负荷的负载能力。对既有电气化铁路增建新线工程以及铁路枢纽的牵引供电系统设计具有参考价值。     

负压对供皮区创面再上皮化速度的影响

目的观察负压对猪供皮区创面再上皮化速度的影响。方法5头小猪,每头猪的背部各形成面积为5 cm×10 cm断层皮片供皮创面。实验组采用连续120 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)负压治疗,对照组用凡士林纱布换药。结果负压治疗组创面再上皮化速度显著提高,治疗后4-6 d创面即愈合,较对照组提前2-4 d;创面炎症反应明显减轻;毛囊上皮、再生的基底以及腺上皮细胞增殖活跃,S期及G2 M期细胞比例增多(P<0.01);细胞核增殖抗原表达显著增强。结论负压可以显著提高供皮区创面再上皮化速度。     

负温条件下含气量对混凝土抗压强度的影响

引气剂的使用能够提高混凝土的抗冻性和抗渗性,缓解碱集料反应和化学侵蚀膨胀,改善路面混凝土的耐候性,增强耐久性,有利于提高混凝土的路用品质。重点研究使用引气剂混凝土在负温条件下含气量对混凝土强度的影响。