钢-混凝土组合梁翼板开裂的影响因素及控制方法研究

在钢-混凝土连续组合梁的负弯矩区,由于混凝土板受拉,使翼板容易开裂,造成耐久性下降。在大量调研的基础上,对组合梁负弯矩区混凝土翼板开裂的影响因素及开裂控制方法进行归纳和总结,对组合梁裂缝宽度的计算公式进行比较分析,可为组合梁负弯矩区开裂及控制方法研究提供理论依据。     

钢-混凝土双面组合连续箱梁负弯矩区有限元分析

钢-混凝土双面组合箱梁是由两个H型钢作钢骨架,并与上下两块混凝土板组合形成的箱形截面,可用于连续梁的负弯矩区。推导得到了负弯矩区截面弹性刚度和塑性极限弯矩的计算公式。建立集中力作用下双面组合连续箱梁负弯矩区的Ansys分析模型,得到了组合梁的荷载挠度曲线、截面应力和应变变化曲线以及钢与混凝土交界面的纵向滑移分布。与双主梁组合梁和普通组合箱梁的受力性能做比较,显示了双面组合箱梁承载能力和变形能力的优越性。     

基于恒载零弯矩理论的预应力配束方法

预应力混凝土桥普遍存在跨中下挠,其根本原因是桥梁结构在施工建设过程中积累了不平衡弯矩。为了从根本上解决此问题,减小不平衡弯矩,基于恒载零弯矩理论,研究了预应力混凝土桥的直线与曲线布束形式,推导了预应力配束的相关计算公式,建立了预应力混凝土桥的预应力配束方法,并通过算例进行分析,验证该方法的有效性,从而可以主动控制预应力混凝土桥的跨中变形。     

斜入射水波对直立防波堤的波浪渗流作用

基于Biot渗流固结理论和水波绕射理论,应用特征函数展开法,推导了对应直立防波堤的绕射波势和波浪引起的海床内渗流压力分布的解析式,由此计算了作用于直立防波堤底部上由波浪渗流压力所导致的浮托力和倾覆力矩,并与水平波浪力和力矩进行了相应比较。计算结果表明,在一定条件下,波浪渗流作用与水平波浪作用可以具有相同的量级。波浪入射角,防波堤前侧透空及海况条件防波堤几何尺寸等因素的相对变化对波浪渗流作用均存在一定的影响,其中对渗流倾覆力矩的影响更为明显。     

Optimisation of handling and traction in a rear wheel drive vehicle by means of magneto-rheological semi-active differential

This paper presents a semi-active differential, magneto-rheological fluid limited slip differential, which allows us to bias the torque between the driving wheels. It is based on the magneto-rheological fluid employment, by which it is possible to change, in a controlled manner, the internal friction torque and, consequently, the torque bias ratio. This device is an adaptive one and allows us to obtain an asymmetric torque distribution in order to improve vehicle handling. The device modelling and the control algorithm, realised for this activity, are described. The illustrated results highlight the advantages that are attainable regarding directional behaviour, stability, and traction.     

Safety modeling for two‐way left‐turn lanes and a procedure to identify two‐way left‐turn lane segments with safety concerns

In the past, two‐way left‐turn lane (TWLTL) median treatments have been frequently used in Florida to inexpensively improve traffic and safety performances. In order to identify factors that may have significant impacts on safety operations in TWLTL sections and to identify TWLTL locations that present existing and future safety concerns, a research project was carried out and results are summarized in the paper. In the research, a three‐year crash history database with crashes and section characteristics from a total of 1688 TWLTL sections all over Florida was developed and used. A negative binomial regression model was developed to determine the statistical relationship between the number of crashes per mile per year and several variables such as traffic volume, access density, posted speed, and number of lanes. In regard to the methodology, in order to identify locations with safety concerns, several steps are needed: development of real crash data distribution, determination of statistical distribution models that better represent the actual crash data, determination of percentile values for the average number of crashes, estimation of crash rates for sections with the same characteristics, estimation of critical values for the variables corresponding to the percentile values for average number of crashes, calculation of tables of critical average annual daily traffic values, and generation of a list of TWLTL locations with critical safety concerns. Results presented in the paper have been used in real applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

负温混凝土冻害及防冻模型的探讨

通过分析温度对混凝土的损伤机理,尤其是混凝土冻害机理,发展了抗冻临界强度理论和早期结构形成学说,从微观角度定性地描述了负温混凝土防止早期冻害所要形成的结构为抗冻临界界面结构。     

钢-高强混凝土组合梁收缩的计算分析

对简支和连续组合梁,按照全截面法基于有效模量比计算收缩徐变所退化的混凝土翼板面积和惯性矩,推导了各种收缩效应的计算公式。对比欧洲混凝土模式规范的新旧模型,结果表明:在简支梁的收缩自应力和挠度上,高强和普通混凝土几乎相同;在连续梁的收缩次弯矩上,高强略小于普通混凝土;按照MC1990收缩徐变模型将显著低估这些收缩效应,由此低估钢筋用量将可能引起混凝土开裂等结构的使用和安全问题。     

真空-堆载联合预压下地基抗剪强度计算的研究

在深入分析真空预压加固机理及地基强度增长理论的基础上，对真空-堆载联合预压与堆载预压地基土体的抗剪强度增长差别进行分析，并在堆载预压抗剪强度计算公式的基础上，应用此差值推导出正负压联合作用下的真空-堆载联合预压地基抗剪强度计算公式。     

世界高速电气化铁道电能质量现状及治理措施

介绍了国际高速电气化铁道电能质量的现状、有关标准和改善电能质量方面的进展.探讨了我国为提高电能质量在接入系统电压等级、短路容量、供电方式、变压器类型、机车类型、接触网设计等方面应该采取的措施,在已运营电气化铁道上如何通过在机车侧、牵引变电所和公共连接点加设补偿滤波装置以及合理安排行车调度等方式来改善电能质量,并应考虑同相供电和高压直流供电等新型的供电方式.