基于价值链的水运工程项目成本管理研究

以价值链思想指导工程项目成本管理,有利于企业灵活把握项目重点,更好地保证项目的效益。针对水运工程项目的特点,依据价值链思想与项目成本管理理论,提出基于价值链的水运项目成本管理系统方法。该方法分为编制项目资源计划及分类WBS、估算项目成本和价值、编制基准计划、跟踪与偏差纠正4个阶段。研究在各阶段进行基于价值链的项目成本管理的方法和要点,并结合某实际工程项目进行实证分析。     

浅谈外海大潮差地区水下大型软体排铺设工艺的改进

以南通洋口港区人工岛围堤工程为例,介绍水下大型软体排的组成结构、材料选取和设计方法的要点,并重点探讨如何改进在复杂工况条件下铺设水下大型软体排的施工工艺和船机配备.实践证明,改进后的软体排铺设工艺与传统施工工艺相比,既提高了施工效率,又确保了工程质量.     

基于Petri网考虑中介状态的机械系统失效相关可靠性分析

机械系统因其各子系统、各部件、各单元之间的相互复杂关系,容易受到自身结构与人为因素的影响,导致其发生失效,严重影响了机械系统的可靠性.在利用Petfi网模型对机械系统分析的基础上,并引入"安全-中介-失效"3级工作模式,从安全、中介、失效3个方面来反映机械系统的可靠(完全正常工作)、可靠与失效的中介过渡、失效(完全不能...     

绿色35000吨散货船主机选型优化研究

从节能和减排的角度重点研究主机的选型.通过优化选型,将具有最低燃油消耗量,最低温室气体排放以及最高纯现值的主机选为绿色35000吨散货船的主机.为进一步降低燃油消耗量,通过主机与螺旋桨优化匹配以完成主机的优化选择.优化选择体现在以下四方面:(1)在相同服务航速条件下,采用低转速大直径螺旋桨进一步降低对主机功率的需求; (2)采用低燃油消耗率的主机;(3)采用低的减功率输出方法选择主机,使燃油消耗进一步降低; (4)备选主机的排放要满足IMO及MARPOL 73/78的有关要求.对六种机型进行了对比选择,6S46ME-BSTⅡ型主机因具有最低燃油耗量,最低温室气体排放以及最高纯现值,可作为绿色35000吨散货船的首选主机.该型主机与原来安装的6S42MC7主机相比燃油消耗量的节省可达19.5%.     

Non‐compatible chemicals as cargoes in industry,on road,rail, and water

Toronto is to have an urban transit system with a passenger carrying capacity which fills the gap between the capacity of the subway and the capacity of the car and bus. Correspondingly, in the words of the Premier of Ontario, the system will “make possible an attractive alternative to high‐rise, high‐density living and urban sprawl. . . .” Furthermore, the new system is sufficiently economical to provide “. . . an encouragement to growth in appropriate areas, rather than merely responding to growth as it occurs . . .”

The decision to have such a system is the culmination of some years of major transportation activities in the Province, which included the Metropolitan Toronto and Region Transportation Study (MTARTS) of 1962. This study pursued both urban expressways and public transport solutions to the movement of people in Metropolitan Toronto.

The urban expressways programmes ran into difficulties, on environmental terms, when strong opposition from community groups was met on proposed routes. A climax came when the Ontario Government halted the construction of the controversial Spadina expressway in June 1971. However, the programmes of public transport solutions met with great success. The Toronto subway and its extensions, together with the change in land values along the route, has become a classic success story. So, too, has the introduction of the GO Train Service (Government of Ontario train service). This pioneered a combination of commuter rail service and integrated feeder buses and today replaces some 14,000 cars each day along the lakeshore highways.

The success of the subway and the GO train coupled with the difficulties experienced by the urban expressways programme, gave rise to the realisation that a better city through public transport rather than the car, was practicable. However, subways were too expensive and they needed a large patronage in a narrow corridor. Accordingly, an intermediate capacity transit system was sought.

The paper describes the programme of activities involved in the choice of the system and describes the technical specification which the system will enjoy. In particular, the demonstration installation which is to be set‐up in Toronto is described in detail, together with the plans to instal some 56 miles over five routes in Metropolitan Toronto.     

A model of the travel to work limits of parents

This paper considers the length of time that parents are willing to travel to an existing or new job. Using data for over 12,000 parents it finds that many characteristics were associated with being less likely to be willing to travel to work for at least an hour (roundtrip). These include: being a women, those out of work, having children under 5, being a lone parent and using formal childcare. Professionals and associate professions were more willing to travel for longer periods. In terms of location, those in accessible small towns and rural areas were willing to travel more than those in larger urban areas and those in remote rural areas willing to travel most. Policy implications are also set out.     

客运专线无砟轨道施工平面控制网优化设计

研究目的:本文通过对客运专线无砟轨道施工平面控制网设计的研究,提出平面控制网的布网方法、精度设计准则。研究方法:采用仿真实验的方法,通过误差理论分析,反演推算各级控制网精度,研究控制网的布网方法和精度设计准则。研究结果:提出了客运专线无砟轨道平面控制网的布网方法及精度设计准则。研究结论:客运专线无砟轨道施工平面控制网的坐标投影长度变形限定值应不大于10 mm/km;控制网沿线路应不大于5 km布设1对相距1 km左右且相互通视的GPS点,在GPS点之间布设近似直伸附和导线,导线边长400~600 m;任意3个相邻控制基桩点位误差引起的角度中误差应不大于8″。     

补给工作艇收放装置选型设计分析

工作艇是军辅船的常用设备,目前,国内对其在高海况下的安全收放问题尚无很好的解决办法.通过对"C"型单点起吊方案和"A"型双点起吊方案的对比分析、适用的状态分析,指出了各自的优缺点,同时在挂钩中设置了波浪补偿装置,综合考虑解决双点同步性的问题,从而保证了工作艇收放的安全性.     

C~3Ⅰ系统抗攻击能力评估研究

介绍一种评估C3Ⅰ系统抗攻击能力的方法。首先提出用网络熵的方法进行定量分析,然后用模糊综合评判的方法进行评估,最后结合实例对该方法进行验证,得出评估结论。     

铁路客运专线与公路并行区段柔性防护预留变形空间的研究

为保证高速列车的行车安全,必须建立防止异物入侵的安全防范体系。在铁路客运专线与公路并行区段采用柔性防护时,必须预留一定的变形空间,以保证受到异物冲击后的柔性防护网不侵入铁路建筑限界。通过有限元仿真计算和现场性能试验,准确把握柔性防护网在规定的冲击能量作用下的最大变形数据。仿真和试验结果表明:柔性防护网的最大变形量随着冲击能量的增大而增大,最大变形距离达1.8 m以上。建议设置在铁路客运专线与公路并行区段之间的柔性防护网,其垂直冲击能量设计标准取为:一般区段9.3×104J,加强区段1.7×105J;且柔性防护网预留变形空间的宽度以不小于2.0 m为宜。