有关船舶安全配员问题的最新进展

船舶安全配员是保证船舶航行安全的重要条件之一,其与船员工作休息时间和疲劳问题存在密切关系,一直受到广泛关注。然而,由于安全配员涉及多方面因素,因此很难在各国之间形成一个统一的标准。回顾船员培训和值班标准(STW)分委会第38次会议上有关船舶安全配员问题的提案和决议情况,并对该问题未来的进展进行展望。     

我国浮箱发展概况及应用

回顾了我国浮箱器材的发展历程,介绍了运用各种浮箱拼组成渡驳、浮桥和工作平台等各种应用情况。在浮箱器材的研发过程中,应大量应用新技术、新材料,使新一代浮箱具备足够的承载力、良好的机动性和足够的抗毁伤能力。     

浅谈港口供电网自动化系统

以天津港电力公司自动化系统为例,介绍了电网自动化系统的组成,主站系统和变电站系统的技术特点和供电网天津港自动化系统的作用。     

高速公路作业区限速标志下车速选择模型研究

为建立高速公路作业区限速标志下的车速选择模型,文中利用VISSIM仿真数据、实测数据分别对模型进行标定和验证,模型的相对误差小于5.0％.结果显示,驾驶人经过限速标志后车速降低,但限速效果与限速值的大小有关,限速值差别较小时限速效果好.因此,可以在作业区内每隔一段距离依次设置数值递减的限速标志,以提升限速效果.     

基于物元贝叶斯网络的舰船战损评估模型研究

分析了舰船战场损伤评估过程,从而得到舰船战场损伤评估的基本流程。分析了过去关于舰船战场损伤评估研究的缺陷和不足。在物元理论和贝叶斯网络理论分析的基础上,建立了节点物元模型和物元贝叶斯网络模型,进而提出了物元贝叶斯网络理论。根据舰船战场损伤评估的特点,分析了建立舰船战场损伤评估模型的步骤及相关工作,并以某舰艇操船系统为例,建立了操船系统损伤评估的物元贝叶斯网络模型。应用示例表明了所提理论的可行性、适用性和可操性。     

Load effects on vessel-shaped fish cage steel structures,nets and connectors considering the effects of diffraction and radiation waves under irregular waves

Vessel-shaped fish cages are mainly composed of a large floating body, aquaculture nets and a number of steel frames. Due to the large scale of vessel-shaped fish cages, the velocity field induced by the diffraction waves and radiation waves cannot be ignored in the calculation of the loads on the net and steel frames. In turn, the loads can affect the wave-induced response of the floating body and hence the radiation waves as well as the sectional forces. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to consider the coupling effect. First, considering the irregular waves in short-term periods, the global response of the floating body is calculated in the time domain by the state-space method based on potential flow theory. Meanwhile, the velocity field considering the influence of the floating body is built according to the velocity transfer function. Then, the Morison formula is used to calculate the loads on the nets and the steel frames. Finally, the coupling achieved through numerical iterations is considered in the calculation of the twine tension, load effect of connector and the global cross-section under irregular waves. It is found that the diffraction and radiation waves make a significant difference in the twine tension and connector load effect.     

Towards a holistic digital twin solution for real-time monitoring of aquaculture net cage systems

Digital twins and relevant concepts are being applied in a wide variety of ways, and they are of most use when an actual real-world physical system or process (a physical twin) is changing over time and when measurement data correlated with this change can be captured. In this work, a digital twin model was implemented for real-time monitoring of aquaculture net cage systems, which is notoriously challenging because of several difficult-to-measure properties, such as forces on and deformation of the flexible netting structures, waves and flow field alterations around the cage and complex stiffness behaviour of the mooring elements made by fibre ropes. These properties were set to be adaptable according to the resultant outputs, such as cage responses and mooring loads that were continuously compared with the measurement data obtained from remote monitoring sensors. In this way, real-time sensor data were assimilated into the numerical simulation model for representing the actual net cage system. No dedicated sensors were used for fish monitoring, but the fish behavioural responses to current, wave and cage deformation were modelled according to relevant field observational data. A wireless sensor network has also been tested for the digital twin implementation, which was found to be suitable for practical uses in fish farms.