State observer-based sliding mode control for semi-active hydro-pneumatic suspension

This paper proposes an improved virtual reference model for semi-active suspension to coordinate the vehicle ride comfort and handling stability. The reference model combines the virtues of sky-hook with ground-hook control logic, and the hybrid coefficient is tuned according to the longitudinal and lateral acceleration so as to improve the vehicle stability especially in high-speed condition. Suspension state observer based on unscented Kalman filter is designed. A sliding mode controller (SMC) is developed to track the states of the reference model. The stability of the SMC strategy is proven by means of Lyapunov function taking into account the nonlinear damper characteristics and sprung mass variation of the vehicle. Finally, the performance of the controller is demonstrated under three typical working conditions: the random road excitation, speed bump road and sharp acceleration and braking. The simulation results indicated that, compared with the traditional passive suspension, the proposed control algorithm can offer a better coordination between vehicle ride comfort and handling stability. This approach provides a viable alternative to costlier active suspension control systems for commercial vehicles.     

Multimode trip information detection using personal trajectory data

Handheld global positioning system (GPS) devices can serve as a new tool to collect an individual's trip information with advantages of low cost, accurate data, and intensive spatial coverage. Various machine learning algorithms have been explored to detected trip train information in previous studies; however, few of them focused on the evaluation and comparison of the performance and applicability of different models. Meanwhile, according to previous studies, car and bus mode detection is a thorny issue due to their similar travel characteristics, and algorithms still need to be well explored and improved to solve this problem. In this article, an innovative method is proposed to detect trip information, including trip modes, mode-changing time and location, and other attributes, from personal trajectory data. The method is a two-step process. A machine learning algorith-based module (including artificial neural network, support vector machine, random forests, and Bayesian network) is firstly used to identify walk, bicycle, and motorized trip modes (bus or car); we thoroughly compared the performance of these four algorithms. Then a second module, using critical points on the GPS trajectories, is further developed to distinguish car and bus mode, incorporated with GIS map information. Field test results show that the proposed machine learning models can all be applied for walk, bicycle, and motorized mode detection with high detection rates exceeding 90%; however, the algorithms work relatively poorly for bus and car mode detection, with results mostly below 75%. The proposed two-step method can greatly improve bus and car mode detection accuracy by 14–30%. As a result, the average mode detection rates for all the four modes are above 90%. Compared with mode detection results by using only the machine learning algorithm, the proposed two-step method has much better performance in both accuracy and consistency.     

串联式混合动力船舶能源系统运行模式切换策略

为了解决内河电力推进船舶混合动力能源系统运行模式的切换控制问题,以动力电池剩余电量、电池工作温度以及船舶电力推进需求功率作为特征因素,以混合动力能源系统运行模式作为决断输出,建立了基于模糊综合评判方法的船舶混合能源系统运行模式切换控制模型及其控制策略。以实验室的船舶航行工况数据作为试验仿真环境,结果表明,这种方法能够智能地自动切换运行模式,实现了电力推进船舶混合动力能源系统的优化管理,同时能够保证动力电池的工作性能,延长电池寿命。     

沥青路面疲劳当量温度计算方法研究

我国现行沥青路面设计规范以15℃作为测定沥青混合料疲劳性能的试验温度,忽略了地区之间存在明显的温度差异。根据路面弹性力学层状理论,对控制应力与应变两种疲劳加载模式进行分析,讨论了适用于路面实际疲劳状况的加载模式。分析了影响沥青路面疲劳寿命的因素,并采用SHELL方法,根据Miner法则计算疲劳当量温度,提出了日疲劳当量温度的计算公式,计算了我国8地区的年疲劳当量温度,讨论了不同地区疲劳当量温度的取值范围和取值方法。此研究结果为提高路面结构分析精度提供了可靠的温度参数依据。     

交通建设项目环境影响综合评价模型及应用

文章以秦岭终南山特长隧道项目为例,通过引入模糊层次综合分析法,建立了基于改进的层次分析法(IAHP),确定权重的交通建设项目环境影响的综合评价模型,论述了该模型的应用过程及其有效性。     

网络自主学习情景中大学英语大班教学实验研究

文中从大学英语网络自主学习教学实验易产生的诸多问题出发,以建构主义理论和学习策略理论为基础,就网络自主学习、评估模式、大班教学和网络第二课堂开拓方面对广东工业大学本科二年级学生进行了问卷调查和访谈。根据所发现的问题,广东工业大学针对性改革了教学,实施了新的措施。     

导弹战斗部冲击下舷侧梁的动力响应及失效模式分析

根据理想刚-塑性材料模型假设,同时考虑梁的剪切、弯曲及拉伸,分析了均匀矩形截面简支梁中部在中低速、大尺寸、大质量、平头弹体正冲击下的动力响应,得到了梁的初始塑性变形模式及梁的塑性变形过程,并根据有效塑性应变失效准则,分析了简支梁的失效模式,得到了冲击过程中梁的临界失效挠度及吸能量,讨论了梁截面的形状及跨长对梁变形吸能能力的影响.     

Designing a sliding mode controller for slip control of antilock brake systems

Antilock brake system (ABS) has been designed to achieve maximum negative acceleration by preventing the wheels from locking. Research shows that the friction between road and tire is a nonlinear function of wheel slip. Therefore, maximum negative acceleration can be achieved by designing a suitable control system for wheel slip regulation at its optimum value. Since there is a lot of nonlinearity and uncertainty (uncertainty in mass and center of gravity of the vehicle and road condition) in vehicle dynamics, a robust control method should be used. In this research, a sliding mode controller for wheel slip control has been designed based on a two-axle vehicle model. Important considered parameters for vehicle dynamic include two separated brake torques for front and rear wheels as well as longitudinal weight transfer caused by the acceleration or deceleration. One of the common problems in sliding mode control is chattering phenomenon. In this paper, primary controller design has been improved using integral switching surface to reduce chattering effects. Simulation results show the success of integral switching surface in elimination of chattering side effects and by high performance of this controller. At the end, the performance of the designed controller has been compared with three of the prevalent papers results to determine the performance of sliding mode control integrated with integral switching surface.     

波浪作用下扭王字块体稳定性研究

通过物理模型试验,研究在不规则波作用下斜坡式护岸护面采用扭王字块体时,摆放方式、摆放密度和坡度对扭王字块体稳定性的影响,给出不同摆放形式的护面层空隙率P以及不同摆放形式、摆放密度和坡度所对应的稳定系数KD的取值范围,并对越浪量进行对比分析,为工程设计提供参考。     

舰载机牵引方式及舰用飞机牵引车解析

舰用牵引车是航母上舰载机调运所需的一类特种车辆,因其与舰载机之间的牵引方式不同,以及牵引车自身操作方式的差别,使得舰用牵引车存在多种不同的形式。通过对舰载机有杆牵引与无杆牵引2种牵引方式的分析,引出舰用牵引车分类。分别论述有杆、无杆、随行式、遥控式舰用牵引车的特点,并对国产舰用牵引车简要说明。