A porous cell method for the simulation of fluid-solid interactions

There are many ways of describing a solid,porous or fluid region of the computational domain when solving the Navier-Stokes equations(NSE)for flow motions.Amongst these the porous cell method is one of the most flexible approaches.In this method,a parameter is defined as a ratio of the volume open to water and air in a calculation cell to its cell volume.In the calculation,the same numerical procedure is applied to every cell and no explicit boundary conditions are needed at solid boundaries.The method is used to simulate flow through porous media,around solid bodies and over a moving seabed.The results compare well with experimental data and other numerical results.In our future work the porous cell method will be applied to more complex fluid-solid interaction situations.     

A three-dimensional, wave-current coupled, sediment transport model for POM

In the high-energy environment of coastal seas and estuaries,strong sediment resuspension/ deposition events are driven by surface waves,tides,winds and buoyancy driven currents.In recent years,A POM based three-dimensional,wave-current coupled,sediment transport model has been developed by the University of New South Wales.This paper presents several examples of the model applications to study sediment dynamics in the environments where forcings such as waves,tides,and winds are equally important to affect sediment fluxes and distributions.Firstly,the sediment transport model coupled to the Yellow Sea general circulation model and a third generation wave model SWAN was implemented in the Yellow Sea to study the dynamics of the sediment transport and resuspension in the northern Jiangsu shoal-wate(rNJSW).The sediment distributions and fluxes and their inter-annual variability were studied by realistic numerical simulations.The study found that the surface waves played a dominant role over the tides to form the turbidity maxima along the muddy coast of NJSW. Secondly,the sediment transport model was used to explore the effect of suspended sediment-induced stratification in the bottom boundary laye(rBBL).The model uses a re-parameterized bottom drag coefficient Cd that incorporates a linear stability function of flux Richardson number Rf.The study has shown that the sediment induced stratification in the BBL reduces the vertical eddy viscosity and bottom shear stress in comparison with the model prediction in a neutrally stratified BBL.In response to these apparent reductions,the tidal current shear is increased and sediments are abnormally concentrated within a thin wall layer that is overlain by a thicker layer with much smaller concentration.The formation of this fluid-mud layer near the seabed has led to a significant reduction in the total sediment transport.This study contributes to the understanding of formations of tidal flats along the coasts of turbid seas and estuaries.     

秦皇岛海域水文泥沙特征分析

基于现场实测水文泥沙资料和水深测图资料,对秦皇岛海域的水文泥沙特征进行了分析。分析结果表明:研究海区靠近半日潮无潮点,潮差小,潮流动力较弱,水体含沙量低,泥沙来源有限,泥沙运动不活跃,岸滩整体保持稳定。秦皇岛海域水文泥沙环境较好,为海岸带开发利用提供了良好的条件。研究成果可作为本海域海岸开发利用的基础资料和依据。     

黄河口尾闾河道断面形态的萎缩调整规律研究

采用实测资料分析和理论探讨相结合的方法,研究了水沙过程变异条件下,黄河口尾闾河道断面形态萎缩调整规律。研究结果表明,1986年后,黄河口水沙过程发生显著变异,尾闾河道断面形态萎缩十分明显,平滩面积大幅度减小,平滩宽深比有所增大;2002年后,小浪底水库实施调水调沙运用,黄河口水沙过程变异有所缓解,尾闾河道断面形态萎缩有所恢复,平滩面积明显增大,平滩宽深比大幅度减小,断面形态朝着窄深方向调整。通过引入尾闾河道断面形态萎缩的判别指标,可解决治理尾闾河道萎缩缺乏控制标准的问题。     

台州港黄礁港区悬沙输移规律研究

采用经过水沙验证的潮流泥沙数学模型,模拟了大港湾水域的水沙运动特点,计算了港池泥沙回淤量。模拟结果表明,港池泥沙来源主要为大港湾后方浅滩落潮流挟沙;港池口门处的防波堤对减轻港池泥沙回淤的效果并不显著,港池后方修建围堰可使港池回淤量减小2/3;围堰阻挡了浅滩泥沙进入港池的通道。同时大港湾形成的半封闭港池具有流弱、沙少、回淤较轻的特点,经过相应的工程措施可成为一个优良的港湾。     

长江下游南京河段马汊河口航道流态及泥沙淤积特性研究

选择南京八卦洲河段马汊河入江口门,建立二维潮流、泥沙数学模型,对入江口门航道流态、水流泥沙运动特征以及口门泥沙淤积特性进行研究。结果表明,中、洪水条件下,八卦洲河段内不存在涨潮流,但口门内仍然存在往复流。河床冲淤变形计算结果表明,口门向内泥沙淤积呈由大到小的分布规律,口门回流区淤积厚度最大。不同水文特征年泥沙淤积程度不同,随淤积历时增长,泥沙逐年淤积量略有减少,且淤积泥沙由口门逐渐向航道推进。     

大平岛围垦工程对航道、码头影响研究

基于工程海域条件分析,建立了平面二维潮流泥沙数学模型。在实测资料验证良好的基础上,对大平岛围垦工程前、后的潮流、悬沙场等进行了模拟,就工程对围区附近航道、码头的影响进行了分析研究。研究表明,本工程的实施对周边海域没有大范围的根本性影响,其影响主要集中在西侧水道的局部水域,会使处于围区西侧水道的燕山热电厂煤码头及其航道等产生淤积,建议定期疏浚或采取其它工程措施。     

桥头跳车的原因分析及防治措施

桥头跳车不仅严重影响了行车的安全、车速、舒适度和人们对高速公路的总体评价,同时也影响了运行车辆的使用寿命。因此,分析桥头跳车的形成机理,从理论上解析桥头跳车引起的危害和演变过程,并结合工程实践有针对性地提出一些独立或综合性的处治措施,以克服和改善桥头跳车现象,有很大的实际意义。     

灌河口海域泥沙悬浮和沉降试验研究

掌握灌河口海域泥沙运动规律是开展灌河口航道整治研究的基础。以现场所取泥沙为研究对象,通过大型波浪水槽试验研究灌河口海域泥沙在不同的水深、不同的波周期和波高条件下的悬浮规律。通过静水沉降试验研究灌河口海域泥沙在不同初始浓度、不同水深下的沉降特性。结果表明,在极限波高情况下,水体上部区域含沙量较小,且沿垂线分布变化较小,但水体底部附近含沙量较大,总体上底部含沙量比上部水体含沙量大0.25~0.96 kg m^3;不同水深以及不同初始含沙量情况下,泥沙沉降速度0.08~0.20 cm s,与单颗粒泥沙沉速在同一量级,灌河口海域泥沙絮凝作用较弱。     

盘锦港深水航道水沙环境特征分析

综合多次现场实测资料,分析了盘锦港10万吨级深水航道的水沙特征,讨论航道回淤泥沙来源和产生泥沙骤淤的可能性。研究结果表明:1)该海区波浪动力不强,以风浪为主;潮汐为非正规半日潮,属中强潮海域;潮流为正规半日潮流,主要以往复形式运动,口门内侧存在强度较弱的旋转流。2)河口区和近岸浅滩含沙量高、外海深水区含沙量较低,泥沙主要以悬浮形式运动,大风影响下各站含沙量均显著大于常规天。3)航道沿程底质泥沙呈粗细交错分布;波流作用下两侧岸滩就地起动搬运的泥沙为航道淤积的主要来源和直接来源,回淤物质较细,泥沙淤积以悬沙落淤为主;出现骤淤碍航的可能性较小。