造船工艺规则-舵系

汇集了舵系制装工程中除了已知检验项目以外需关注的工艺要素及需船东受检项目,纠正了零件设计图种种误区和技术障碍,阐述了相关修改方案,提出了工序中应注意的节点,对上舵承标准组件阐明了结构意义,对标准相关错误提出了纠正意见。     

基于组合自动优化策略的水下机器人型线设计（英文）

In this paper, a hybrid automatic optimization strategy is proposed for the design of underwater robot lines. Isight is introduced as an integration platform. The construction of this platform is based on the user programming and several commercial software including UG6.0, GAMBIT2.4.6 and FLUENT12.0. An intelligent parameter optimization method, the particle swarm optimization, is incorporated into the platform. To verify the strategy proposed, a simulation is conducted on the underwater robot model 5470, which originates from the DTRC SUBOFF project. With the automatic optimization platform, the minimal resistance is taken as the optimization goal; the wet surface area as the constraint condition; the length of the fore-body, maximum body radius and after-body's minimum radius as the design variables. With the CFD calculation, the RANS equations and the standard turbulence model are used for direct numerical simulation. By analyses of the simulation results, it is concluded that the platform is of high efficiency and feasibility. Through the platform, a variety of schemes for the design of the lines are generated and the optimal solution is achieved. The combination of the intelligent optimization algorithm and the numerical simulation ensures a global optimal solution and improves the efficiency of the searching solutions.     

沥青发泡工艺试验及FLUENT数值模拟

从沥青发泡原理和影响发泡的因素出发,对其发泡性能指标进行评价;并对发泡工艺进行试验研究,分析试验数据和试验参数;利用FLUENT数值模拟软件对沥青发泡过程进行数值模拟和仿真,得出发泡腔内的速度分布云图。     

茜阳隧道出口病害处治技术研究

为了解决隧道衬砌变形和裂缝病害问题,首先对茜阳隧道病害状况和原因进行分析,提出隧道病害整治方案:换拱方案和明挖方案。然后,通过对塑性区、初期支护内力和安全系数进行数值模拟分析,得出换拱并注浆改善围岩条件是最为有效的方法。最后,提出了综合处理隧道裂缝的具体措施,方案实施后,地表沉降、拱顶下沉、洞周收敛趋于稳定。     

Development and validation of a numerical model for predicting forklift truck tip-over

The aim of this paper is to present the dynamic behaviour modelling performed for a forklift truck and the validation of this model. The intention is to develop a permanent tool allowing both common and critical driving situations (especially that of lateral tip-over) to be simulated for this type of vehicle. The medium-term aim is to use this model as a tool to facilitate designing, training and preparing safety standards with a view to reducing the number of accidents related to this machine, which, on average, still cause nearly 10 deaths each year. This paper describes the forklift truck mechanical model and the tyre model. A Pacejka's lateral tyre model was used and integrated into the forklift truck model. The interacting forces and moments between the wheels and the ground are, therefore, computed at all times. Test bench-measured data, characteristic of the dynamic behaviour of several tyres, were used to identify the parameters of the Pacejka model. We studied the limits of this model adapted in this case to tyres with characteristics different from those of the car sector. Track testing was performed using a safe-test forklift truck. The purpose of these tests was to measure trajectory characteristics (velocity, position, acceleration and slip angle) and to compare them with model-based predictions, allowing validation of the robustness and accuracy of this model. Situations involving partial (up to 15°) tip-over were included. The quantities measured during testing were compared with the calculation results obtained for identical driving configurations. There was a close calculation/measurement correlation when performing a wide ‘J-turn’ (with and without tip-over) when following circular or slalom trajectories. The calculation/measurement correlation was less close when the forklift truck performed a sharp ‘J-turn’, for example. Model limits can be derived from the observations, data processing and calculations.     

下穿高速公路结构顶进施工方案和数值分析

详细介绍了不中断交通的高速公路下大型框架结构顶进施工方案,内容包括长大管棚打设、箱涵顶进施工技术和要求。相应的数值建模和分析表明:由于开挖、顶进使三个典型断面上方路面沉降最大发生在箱涵顶进入口附近,其次是出口附近,最小为箱涵顶进的中间位置,因此在箱涵进、出口10m范围内更应做好管棚护顶和箱涵基础的加固。     

着速和着角对水雷入水过载影响的数值仿真分析

为了研究高速水雷入水时受到的过载情况,采用流固耦合仿真软件MSC-Dytran,对水雷击水问题进行数值模拟仿真研究。分别计算了不同入水情况下雷体指定部位的加速度响应随时间的变化。仿真结果表明水,雷冲击载荷随入水速度的增大而迅速增大,入水速度是水雷受到的冲击载荷大小的主要影响因素。对新型水雷的结构设计、引信的设计、水雷装药的安全性设计以及其他元器件的抗冲击设计提供有价值参考。     

紧邻既有铁路深基坑开挖支护方案模拟分析与计算

采用模拟手段,对沪宁城际铁路紧邻既有铁路的新孟河特大桥的深基坑安全性问题进行了探讨,建立了基坑开挖、支护的有限元模型,全面分析了紧邻既有线深基坑在开挖过程中的地表沉降、钢板桩及各道支撑的变形及内力。通过计算认为:此桥采用的深基坑施工方案合理可行,能确保基坑支护体系和已有建筑物安全。随后的施工实践证明了计算的正确。     

船坞坞口水上基坑力学性状数值分析

结合某船坞坞口水上基坑围护结构的设计,采用有限元数值模拟研究了基坑施工全过程中支护结构的受力与 变形性态。采用Plaxis 2D建立考虑结构与土体共同作用的平面应变计算模型,并考虑不同水位及波浪荷载、地形地质条件 及复杂施工工况的影响。研究表明：外部条件的不对称导致水上基坑围护结构的变形及受力与陆上基坑存在明显差异,基 坑开挖并降水至坑底并非结构受力的最不利状态;基坑外坡护坡、压脚未施工前坑内降水是基坑围护结构变形的最不利状 态;不同水位及波压条件对单排钢板桩的影响比对双排钢板桩的影响明显,两种不同类型围护桩的整体受力状态也存在明 显差异;随基坑开挖和降水深度的增加,第1道混凝土支撑的受力会从受压变成受拉,下部各道钢支撑均处于受压状态;施 工中应密切关注第1道支撑受力状态的变化。