斜交转正交梯形装配式桥梁设计

针对装配式桥梁标准梁段跨越斜交地形、地物提出了采用斜交转正交梯形装配式桥梁的设计思路,并根据具体工程设计计算的结果,验证了该设计方法的可行性,为该类桥梁设计提供了思路。     

护岸越浪量的试验研究

通过物理模型实验,对斜坡式护岸和直立式护岸断面在不规则波作用下的越浪量进行观测,分析墙顶超高、平台相对宽度等因子对越浪量的影响规律,并将现有公式计算越浪量的结果与物模试验结果进行对比,研究成果可供类似断面的工程应用参考。     

高速双体船斜浪中运动响应及连接桥波浪载荷预报

应用二维时域格林函数法对二维半定解问题进行了求解,应用发展的二维半理论和程序对WP60高速穿浪双体船在斜浪中的垂荡、纵摇、横摇和垂向加速度等运动响应及连接桥结构的波浪载荷进行预报,并把理论计算结果与模型试验结果及其它程序计算结果比较分析,初步验证了文中方法和程序在预报高速双体船运动及载荷性能中的适用性.     

强风下有帆商船航行性能的研究(英文)

Ships which have large structures above water surface, such as pure car carriers (PCCs) and container vessels, have large speed reduction by wind pressure. In the present study, the running speed of a large PCC with two or more sails for using wind power is simulated. The simulated results demonstrate that the ship can keep a constant service speed even in winds of 20m/s except head and bow winds. This sail system can shorten annual average navigation time by about 4 hours per voyage.     

多阶底部上的垂直可渗透结构斜海洋波的阻尼研究(英文)

Oblique ocean wave damping by a vertical porous structure placed on a multi-step bottom topography is studied with the help of linear water wave theory. Some portion of the oblique wave, incident on the porous structure, gets reflected by the multi-step bottom and the porous structure, and the rest propagates into the water medium following the porous structure. Two cases are considered: first a solid vertical wall placed at a finite distance from the porous structure in the water medium following the porous structure and then a special case of an unbounded water medium following the porous structure. In both cases, boundary value problems are set up in three different media, the first medium being water, the second medium being the porous structure consisting of p vertical regions-one above each step and the third medium being water again. By using the matching conditions along the virtualvertical boundaries, a system of linear equations is deduced. The behavior of the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave due to different relevant parameters are studied. Energy loss due to the propagation of oblique water wave through the porous structure is also carried out. The effects of various parameters, such as number of evanescent modes, porosity, friction factor, structure width, number of steps and angle of incidence, on the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted wave are studied graphically for both cases. Number of evanescent modes merely affects the scattering phenomenon. But higher values of porosity show relatively lower reflection than that for lower porosity. Oscillation in the reflection coefficient is observed for lower values of friction factor but it disappears with an increase in the value of friction factor. Amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave is independent of the porosity of the structure. But lower value of friction factor causes higher transmission. The investigation is then carried out for the second case, i.e., when the wall is absent. The significant difference between the two cases considered here is that the reflection due to a thin porous structure is very high when the solid wall exists as compared to the case when no wall is present. Energy loss due to different porosity, friction factor, structure width and angle of incidence is also examined. Validity of our model is ascertained by matching it with an available one.     

远处载荷作用下自由表面附近裂纹问题

采用连续分布位错模型讨论和分析了受远处载荷下半无限平面自由边界附近任意方位的裂纹问题,问题求解最后归结为求解一组Cauchy型奇异积分方程。在数值求解这组奇异积分方程中未知位错分布密度近似的基本密度函数与Chebyshev多项式之积,计算表明,本文方法的数值结果不但收敛快而且精度高。     

倾斜摄影测量在高速公路改扩建工程中的应用

传统意义上的测绘已经不能满足信息化智能化测绘时代的需求,无人机倾斜摄影测量技术给测绘行业带来了新的技术手段。研究倾斜摄影测量技术在实际测绘生产项目中的应用流程,通过对航测相机进行检校、航测参数调整、像控点布设方案优化、数据严格检核处理等,最终获取满足规范和项目要求的测绘成果。最后将该方法应用在高速公路改扩建工程中,并对实地标志点、地面标高、雨污水井位、高速路面桥缝等特征点数据进行了残差统计和误差分析。结果表明,该方法测量成果精度可靠,解决了传统测量方式无法直接进行高速测量的问题,提高了工作效率,效果良好。     

大斜交角度铁路框架桥结构受力分析

基于平面杆系分析方法和空间有限元分析方法,以单孔框架桥为案例,采用梁单元和板单元分别建立正交、斜交15°、斜交25°、斜交35°、斜交45°、斜交60°的模型,分析计算结果,得出框架桥内力随斜交角度变化的规律,以及空间有限元分析和平面有限元分析下,斜交框架的内力结果的不同之处。并对关于进一步工作的方向进行了简要的讨论。     

高速铁路钢轨打磨技术及其应用

根据广深线钢轨斜裂纹的形成与发展特点,提出采用非对称打磨技术控制和减缓钢轨斜裂纹的形成,并进行了数值计算和现场打磨试验.数值计算结果表明:钢轨非对称打磨可以改变轮轨接触几何参数,使轮轨接触点向钢轨顶面中心移动,远离钢轨轨肩位置,并降低轮轨接触应力.现场打磨试验验证了数值计算结果,试验结果表明钢轨非对称打磨能改变钢轨光带,使接触点向钢轨踏面中心移动.     

横坡条件下斜交板滑移和平面内转动成因分析

现役斜交板桥的损伤状况表明,大多数简易支座斜交板桥存在缓慢下滑及平面内的转动现象.基于塘河大桥的破坏特征,根据现有斜交板桥计算理论,找出造成其下滑和转动的原因是横向下滑力及平面内不平衡力矩,并据此提出今后进行斜交板桥设计和施工的几点建议.