基于C/S模式的“船舶避碰行为调查”系统设计

海上避碰实践很大程度上受到人的决策行为的影响,在传统船舶避碰行为调查方法的基础上,基于VC＋＋软件平台,采用C/S网络模式,结合虚拟现实技术开发了避碰行为调查系统。与传统发送纸质问卷的调查方法相比,该系统提高了调查的时效性和准确性。     

Model predictive control with constraints for a nonlinear adaptive cruise control vehicle model in transition manoeuvres

A vehicle following control law, based on the model predictive control method, to perform transition manoeuvres (TMs) for a nonlinear adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicle is presented in this paper. The TM controller ultimately establishes a steady-state following distance behind a preceding vehicle to avoid collision, keeping account of acceleration limits, safe distance, and state constraints. The vehicle dynamics model is for continuous-time domain and captures the real dynamics of the sub-vehicle models for steady-state and transient operations. The ACC vehicle can execute the TM successfully and achieves a steady-state in the presence of complex dynamics within the constraint boundaries.     

国际海上避碰规则下锚泊船避免碰撞义务的探讨

锚泊船舶与他船发生碰撞在海上船舶碰撞的案例中并不少见,海事局或者海事法院对碰撞责任进行认定时,一般都认为锚泊船舶没有碰撞责任或者承担很小比例的责任。本文分析了在《1972年国际海上避碰规则》(以下简称《避碰规则》)下,锚泊船舶与他船发生碰撞的几种类型,对如何理解《避碰规则》下锚泊船舶的避让义务提出一些看法,进行探讨。     

基于Matlab平台的船舶避碰模型研究

根据本船的运动参数及连续两次观测所得到的目标船的相对方位和距离,运用避碰几何原理,在Matlab平台下建立了船舶避碰真运动模型,可以得到目标船运动参数及本船的避让措施和恢复航向的时机,并给出真运动轨迹图。文中还选择船舶会遇的典型实例对本模型进行了验证,结果表明,模型模拟的结果正确,对实际避碰行动有参考价值。     

基于单片机的船舶主动避碰系统设计

船舶作为一种重要的交通运输工具,具有载货量多,运输成本低,污染小等优点。但船舶航行条件比较复杂,其体积和重量比较大,导致惯性大、灵活性差、机动性不好,稍有操作不慎,就有可能发生碰撞事故。船舶不像其他陆上交通工具,具有较好的视野和灵活性,可及时发现故障和采取躲避措施。所以对于船舶而言,需要实现其主动避碰功能。本文基于单片机,设计一种船舶的主动避碰系统,采用超声波测距的方式测量与其他船舶或障碍物的距离,实现船舶的主动避碰。     

Control of interacting machines in automated container terminals using a sequential planning approach for collision avoidance

The control of automated container terminals is complex since Quay Cranes (QCs), Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Automated Stacking Cranes (ASCs) interact intensively for transporting containers, while collision avoidance of equipment must be ensured. This paper proposes a methodology to generate collision-free trajectories of free-ranging AGVs in automated container terminals, while minimizing the makespan of the whole container handling system. A hierarchical control architecture is proposed to integrate the scheduling of interacting machines and trajectory planning of AGVs. Following a so-called overall graph sequence by a scheduler, the collision-free trajectories of AGVs are determined by solving a collection of mixed integer linear programming problems sequentially. Simulation results illustrate the potential of the proposed methodology.     

Extending Time to Collision for probabilistic reasoning in general traffic scenarios

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems allow vehicles to share state information with one another to improve safety and efficiency of transportation networks. One of the key applications of such a system is in the prediction and avoidance of collisions between vehicles. If a method to do this is to succeed it must be robust to measurement uncertainty and to loss of communication links. The method should also be general enough that it does not rely on constraints on vehicle motion for the accuracy of its predictions. It should work for all interactions between vehicles and not just a select subset. This paper presents a method to calculate Time to Collision for unconstrained vehicle motion. This metric is gated using a novel technique based on relative vehicle motion that we call “looming”. Finally, these ideas are integrated into a probabilistic framework that accounts for uncertainty in vehicle state and loss of vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Together this work represents a new way of considering vehicle collision estimation. These algorithms are validated on data collected from real world vehicle trials.     

用危险预警系统实现汽车的主动安全性

介绍了汽车行驶危险预警系统的组成及其子系统的功能 ,讨论了如何运用该系统实现汽车行驶时的几种危险预警的主动安全性能 ,并探讨了安全车距的数学模型及其在系统中的应用     

浅析船舶避碰决策研究的现状与前景

介绍了船舶避碰决策研究中的船舶碰撞危险度的确定方法,综合分析评价了船舶避碰决策系统的研究现状,指出基于AIS信息环境的船舶避碰决策系统研究是未来船舶自动避碰决策系统研究的新方向.     

如何调适大学生就业心理障碍

大学生就业形势日益严峻,部分毕业生心理压力过大,产生了心理障碍,心理素质问题已成为影响择业面试成功的重要因素。研究分析大学生就业心理障碍的表现、成因及解决办法,促进大学生顺利就业,具有十分重要的现实意义。