深水定位系统的安全管理(英文)

Based on relevant in-service experience, this paper discusses how risks associated with station-keeping systems can be controlled through adequate design criteria, inspection, repair and maintenance practice, as well as quality assurance and control of the engineering processes. Particular focus must be placed on quantitative design for system robustness. The application of structural reliability analysis to quantify safety is briefly reviewed. In particular it was emphasized that reliability predictions based on normal uncertainties and variability yielded lower failure rates than those experienced for predictions of hulls and catenary mooring systems; gross errors in design, fabrication and operation were responsible. For this reason the broad safety management approach mentioned above was proposed. Moreover, it was found that this approach needed to be supported by a quantitative risk assessment. Finally, the challenges in dealing with the effects of human factors in risk management are outlined, along with means to deal with them in a qualitative manner, by the so-called barrier method to limit risk.     

卵石漂石层地质深水桩基础护筒埋设

结合工程实际,介绍了温州洞头半屏跨海大桥施工中利用双护筒(即内外两层护筒)方法解决深水钻孔灌注桩基础施工,对卵石漂石层地质情况下的护筒埋设进行介绍,通过地质水文条件对护筒埋入的影响分析,得出采用外护筒方法进行施工的结论。     

抗冰海洋平台的全寿命优化设计I-理论与模型

文章基于投资—效益准则,建立了抗冰平台全寿命总费用最小的优化设计模型;考虑了多种类型的性能要求(结构、设备、人员),并建立了相关判据;提出了包括结构的初始费用、维修费用和期望损失费用的冰区海洋平台全寿命总费用评估模型;提出了平台结构主要功能的确定及描述方法、相应的功能失效损失值估计模型。     

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S.

The United States contributes only 0.2% of the 18,814?MW of global installed offshore wind capacity. Lack of development has been attributed in part to a cumbersome regulatory process that includes the evaluation of environmental impacts. Assessments are based on biological, social, and technical data that are often incomplete. Marine spatial planning (MSP) may help fill data gaps. We conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants to understand (1) whether a lack of biological data impedes offshore wind environmental assessments, (2) whether MSP could mitigate these impediments, and (3) whether MSP could advance offshore wind development in the U.S. in other ways. Most informants stated that a lack of biological data in offshore wind environmental assessments was problematic due to incomplete data, uncertainty of data, and mismatched scales. Data issues may be mitigated by creation of data products and increased communication, outcomes of MSP that may benefit the regulatory process by increasing data availability, resolving conflicts among users, and providing a common operating picture. Challenges remain in integrating MSP into the processes of siting and permitting offshore wind, but it provides a strategic framework for the systematic identification, collection, collation, analyses, application, and management of data in the offshore wind environmental regulatory process.     

环境激励下自升式海洋平台损伤诊断

为探究适用于海洋平台结构的有效损伤诊断方法,针对某自升式平台的比例模型开展环境激励下损伤诊断试验研究。分别采用频域法中的增强频域分解法和时域法中的随机子空间法处理测试数据,提取前三阶的固有频率、振型和阻尼比等模态参数,并结合频率和振型识别结果计算节点柔度矩阵。通过分析平台模型模态参数和节点柔度矩阵的变化率,识别预先设置的结构损伤。试验结果表明,两种模态识别方法均能有效识别环境激励下的平台模型模态参数,其中利用固有频率变化率能够有效判断结构是否产生损伤,利用振型和柔度矩阵的变化率能够实现损伤的准确定位。     

深水爆破挤淤装药器的研发与应用

爆破挤淤施工药包的精确定位以及装药效率是确保工程质量和施工进度的关键,这都取决于装药器。介绍了沥港渔港工程概况和特点。详细介绍了装药器的研制和装药器施工工艺。改进后的装药器在施工中取得良好的效果。     

自升式海洋平台的防火结构设计

针对海洋平台的特点,论述了海洋平台结构防火的实际工程应用,结合某自升式海洋平台着重介绍该平台上防火等级,防火材料与防火涂料的设计应用,供海洋平台的设计建造参考.     

深水钢悬链线立管(SCR)安装分析研究

海管(立管)是海底生产系统和浮武装置之间的关键连接.随着海洋油气开发水深的不断增加,对海管(立管)自身以及辅助施工设备的性能都提出了更高要求,施工及正常作业的安全保证愈加重要.基于立管分析软件Orcaflex,针对项目中的SCR立管进行了安装分析,并依据规范进行应力、应变校核,可为深水安装分析及方案的确定提供一定的技术参考和理论支持.     

浅谈钣金展开方法在海洋平台施工中的应用

针对海洋平台构件的特点,介绍了钣金展开方法在平台施工、构件制作中的应用.在分析介绍三种钣金展开方法的基础上,通过几个案例进行了说明,并且作了进一步的探讨.     

深水铺管船技术研究

海底管道在海洋石油天然气的运输方面起到越来越重要的作用,但随着铺管海域水深的增加,对海底管道的铺设方法和主要铺设工具——铺管船也提出了更高的要求.文章介绍了目前普遍使用的几种深水铺管船的船型特点及铺管方法,并以ABS规范为基准,详细说明了深水铺管船入级在总体、结构、舾装等方面应达到的各项要求.