实测法验证硅油减振器扭振参数

硅油减振器是船舶轴系中重要的减振部件,但其生产厂家往往仅根据理论给出其阻尼等关键参数,即假定减振器发挥最佳阻尼,实船测试结果表明,这种假定并不准确。通过理论计算和柴油机台架测试,给出确定硅油减振器扭振参数（当量惯量、阻尼）的有效方法。实测结果表明,该方法操作方便,能较好地验证柴油机和硅油减振器的扭振参数。     

基于AHP的模糊综合评判对上海内河水域船舶航行安全的风险评估

针对目前上海内河水域的水上交通安全状况,从系统工程角度,分别从人为因素、硬件装备、软件条件和外部环境四个方面,利用层次分析法(AHP法)建立起评估模型。并运用基于AHP法的模糊综合评判原理对上海内河水域船舶航行安全风险进行了综合评估,得到了比较科学的评估结论。以此为地方海事部门制定科学合理的发展战略提供重要依据和决策支持,并制订和完善船舶航行安全的对策和措施,最大程度地减少船舶航行事故的发生。     

航标部门参与溢油清污应急的经验与思考

文中从我国航标管理机构参与海上溢油应急反应实践入手,总结了在该工作中的经验和启示,并对比发展需要和发达国家实践提出了加强航标机构溢油应急反应能力建设的建议。     

2011年世界船舶市场评述与未来展望

在"增长放缓、风险增大"的2011年全球经济环境下,世界航运市场受"运力投放无休、运营成本增加"的影响而表现为"低迷不振"。新船的不断交付也使世界商船队年轻化势不可挡。新船建造市场同比有所下滑,液货船和散货船表现不佳,集装箱船和海工市场表现较好,新船价格呈现小幅下调趋势。预计2012年世界船市在三大主力船型上仍不容乐观,海工市场继续有尚佳表现。     

九十米水深储油自升式平台的沉垫设计

我国海洋石油开发中广泛应用自升式平台,将自升式平台的沉垫设计为储油舱,使其具有水下储油功能.对储油自升式平台的沉垫进行结构设计,在舱室布置中提出两种模式.根据环境载荷,应用ANSYS软件对结构进行强度校核.结果表明:结构各部分均满足规范关于强度的要求.同时经对比优选,两种舱室布置模式均可行,且不设浮力舱更合理.     

"翠洲"轮延伸航线稳性、抗风性研究

“翠洲”轮原是一艘从事长江仪征到栖霞过江运输的简易油船,主机功率较小,航速较低,在给该轮延伸航线改造时,船舶稳性、抗风性方面问题较为突出.通过理论分析和实航研究,解决了上述问题,确保了海上航行的安全.文章对此作了较详细的介绍.     

烟台港西港区30万t级原油码头轴线方案研究

考虑到深水区域建设防波堤施工困难、费用昂贵,故大型深水泊位通常选择开敞式码头布置方案,本文以烟台港西港区30万t级原油码头为例,分析码头建设与所在区域风、浪、流等自然条件的相互关系,在确保船舶靠离泊作业的前提下,综合考虑码头作业天数,给出合理的码头轴线布置方案。     

Air transport and economic growth: a review of the impact mechanism and causal relationships

ABSTRACT

The impacts of air transport on the economy arise both directly, via activity in the aviation sector; and indirectly, via increased spending and wider economic benefits associated with improved access to resources, markets, technology and economic mass. Economic activity, in turn, supports and generates demand for air transport. Despite its potential importance, the reciprocal nature of the causal relationship between air transport and economic performance has remained somewhat understudied. This paper provides a synthesis review of the channels the aviation sector interacts with regional economy. The review focuses on quantitative studies that contribute to the state-of-the-art understandings of the causality. We find that the reciprocal causal relationship is more likely to prevail in less developed economies. For more developed economies, only one direction of the causality is recognised, which runs from air transport to economic growth. Especially substantial is the effect of airline enplanement on service-related employment. The reverse direction of the relationship is, however, not as significant as believed in a causal sense within the developed world. Therefore, cautions need to be taken when applying income elasticities (such as the elasticity of air passenger demand with respect to GDP) in air travel demand forecasting, which implicitly assumes that economic growth causally leads to air traffic increment. Based on the fundamental links between air transport and economic growth, some typical imperfections and inefficiencies in aviation markets are discussed and promising avenues for future research are proposed.     

A citation network analysis of sustainability development in liner shipping management: a review of the literature and policy implications

ABSTRACT

Based on an analysis of 253 related papers drawn from the Web of Science database, this study examines holistic sustainability research in liner shipping management literature using a citation network analysis (CNA) approach followed by a qualitative analysis of findings. We identify four major research domains, namely shipping performance, port selection and management, shipping markets, and environment, as well as related sub-domains of shipping performance. We discuss the current research trends and focal issues in these domains with a focus on their implications for policy development. Our results indicate that while the sustainability discourse in the literature has developed and matured significantly over the last decade, generating valuable insights for practitioners and regulators alike, it still struggles with blurry terminology and a lack of holistic frameworks jointly addressing the different aspects of sustainability: Economic considerations of liner shipping are still the main concern, while environmental and social issues are less regarded in the academic discourse. Furthermore, we identify a dearth of studies rooted in managerial or economic theory. In this regard, our study provides insights on the scope of the holistic sustainability discourse in liner shipping management, its contributions to theory and practice, and its implications for the further development of policies addressing sustainability in liner shipping management. We advocate further construct development for sustainability in liner shipping, as well as empirical tests of the antecedents of sustainability practice adoption in the industry for future research.     

环境可持续集装箱班轮运输管理研究综述

集装箱班轮运输业如何在追求成本经济性和服务可靠性的同时做好环境可持续性，对航 运企业、港口运营商以及政府组织都提出了新的挑战。围绕集装箱班轮运输在环境层面实现可 持续发展的目标，本文分别从战略、战术和运营等3个层面就措施、技术和规章制度等所做的研究 进行文献综述、分析发展趋势。战略层面，从市场减排机制和政策的制定、绿色政策、技术及措施 评估和企业竞争与合作等3个方面综述；战术层面，从控制油耗或碳排放的班轮运营优化、预调度 式的绿色班轮运营优化和污染排放控制区的设立对班轮运营优化的影响等3个方面综述；在运营 层面，从控制排放的集装箱调运和反应式的绿色班轮运营优化等两方面综述。按照决策水平、时 间脉络和研究主题分析后发现，该领域的研究趋势变化与行业及政府的环境政策紧密关联。其 次，从决策水平和问题类别来看，针对战术层决策的研究远多于针对战略和执行两层。第三，从 决策主体来看，大部分研究以航运公司作为单独的决策主体。本文建议：继续在优化班轮运输中 考虑多目标，将多目标优化作为决策手段可兼顾经济、环境以及社会责任，有利于航运可持续发 展；结合行业实践提炼科学问题，国际航运、尤其班轮运输极易受到政策导向、世界经济环境的影 响；从供应链角度研究集装箱班轮运输的可持续发展问题；为配合在运营层面的努力，还要研究 通过技术途径或手段推动班轮运输业可持续发展；借鉴其他运输行业较为成熟的绿色环保发展 思路促进班轮运输环境可持续发展。