探讨危旧桥梁加固的有关技术问题

随着国家经济建设脚步的加快,路桥的建设技术也在不断的进步,危旧桥梁的加固处理也成为桥梁建设的热点话题之一。因为公路车流量的增多,在上世纪末建设的桥梁一直都存在过载使用的问题,过多的重型车辆对危旧桥梁的使用也是一项巨大的考验。在一些使用年限比较久的桥梁中,出现了桥体老化现象。本文就危旧桥梁加固的有关技术问题进行了探讨。     

粉喷桩施工技术在高速公路软基加固中的应用

文章结合某高速公路软基加固工程实例,介绍了粉喷桩软基加固处理施工的工艺流程及技术要点,并分析了影响粉喷桩软基加固施工的主要因素,提出了相应的质量控制措施。     

箱形拱桥结构检测及加固处理

文章以梧州西江大桥箱形拱桥为例,在对桥梁结构进行外观检测的基础上,利用Midas Civil 2010建立模型,通过静载和动载试验分析了该桥的承载能力及结构力学特性,提出了相应的维修加固措施,并探讨了维修加固处理的工程效果。     

桥梁下部结构加固主要工艺

结合京福高速K30+924通道桥维修加固工程,叙述了高压喷射灌浆法、粘贴碳纤维贴片法及钢板补强法的施工工艺。     

地下连续墙的受力状态及计算图式分析

在地下连续墙工程现场观测的基础上,对其受力状态进行了分析探讨。指出单元墙段是呈双向弯曲受力状态。因而按现行设计(单向受弯)的配筋计算应做适当的调整。在用筋总量不增加的基础上,使墙体结构设计更加合理、完善、经济、可靠。     

Human-like autonomous car-following model with deep reinforcement learning

This study proposes a framework for human-like autonomous car-following planning based on deep reinforcement learning (deep RL). Historical driving data are fed into a simulation environment where an RL agent learns from trial and error interactions based on a reward function that signals how much the agent deviates from the empirical data. Through these interactions, an optimal policy, or car-following model that maps in a human-like way from speed, relative speed between a lead and following vehicle, and inter-vehicle spacing to acceleration of a following vehicle is finally obtained. The model can be continuously updated when more data are fed in. Two thousand car-following periods extracted from the 2015 Shanghai Naturalistic Driving Study were used to train the model and compare its performance with that of traditional and recent data-driven car-following models. As shown by this study’s results, a deep deterministic policy gradient car-following model that uses disparity between simulated and observed speed as the reward function and considers a reaction delay of 1 s, denoted as DDPGvRT, can reproduce human-like car-following behavior with higher accuracy than traditional and recent data-driven car-following models. Specifically, the DDPGvRT model has a spacing validation error of 18% and speed validation error of 5%, which are less than those of other models, including the intelligent driver model, models based on locally weighted regression, and conventional neural network-based models. Moreover, the DDPGvRT demonstrates good capability of generalization to various driving situations and can adapt to different drivers by continuously learning. This study demonstrates that reinforcement learning methodology can offer insight into driver behavior and can contribute to the development of human-like autonomous driving algorithms and traffic-flow models.     

浅谈箱形拱桥的维修与加固

文章针对目前钢筋混凝土悬链线箱形拱桥普遍存在的问题,介绍了采用粘贴钢板加固、改变结构受力体系、桥面补强层等3种方法,能有效地解决目前桥梁的维修和加固存在的问题。     

隧道开挖中的应力旋转和裂隙塑性变形问题研究

通过对隧道开挖过程进行三维数值模拟,分析了隧道开挖过程中主应力方向的旋转变化,研究了主应力旋转与隧道裂隙塑性变形的关系,验证了"考虑应力主轴旋转的广义塑性原理"的正确性,并将数值模拟结果和相关试验成果进行了对比,得出了一致性的结论。研究结果表明,应力旋转基本在隧道开挖前后10 m左右的距离内完成,隧道开挖过程中的应力旋转可以引起裂隙塑性变形的突变,且对竖向和斜向裂隙的影响较大;可以根据应力旋转的变化规律合理地选择支护时机,依据应力旋转对裂隙的影响对隧道的重点部位进行超前加固。     

软弱围岩隧道修建新方法——核心土加固变形控制法

2006年我国铁路系统相关施工单位开始接触变形控制法隧道施工技术,经过长达5年的基础理论学习研究与准备,在铁道部和兰渝铁路公司的支持下,2011年由中铁瑞威公司和意大利土力公司联合在兰渝铁路桃树坪隧道进行了中国首次隧道核心土加固变形控制法应用试验研究,并取得成功。文章通过工程实践,对桃树坪隧道的工程概况、地质问题、施工工艺、施工设备及核心土加固控制变形技术的应用效果作了较详细介绍。     

夹芯钢板覆盖法(SPS)在钢箱梁桥正交异性桥面板维修加固中的应用与试验

结合工程实例,介绍了夹芯钢板覆盖法(SPS)在钢箱梁桥维修加固中的应用,并通过荷载试验对其加固效果进行了检验,可为类似维修加固工程提供参考。