A robust,tactic-based,real-time framework for public-transport transfer synchronization

Missed transfers affect public transport (PT) operations by increasing passenger’s waiting and travel times and frustration. Because of the stochastic and uncertain nature of PT systems, synchronized transfers do not always materialize. This work proposes a new mathematical programming model to minimize total passenger travel time and maximize direct (without waiting) transfers. The model consists of four policies built on a combination of three tactics: holding, skip-stops, and short-turn, the last applied, for the first time, as a real-time control action. The concept is implemented in two steps: optimization and simulation. An agent-based simulation framework is used to represent real-life scenarios, generate random input data, and validate the optimization results. In order to assess the robustness of this framework, a wide range of schedule-deviation scenarios are defined using efficient algorithms for solving the control models within a rolling horizon structure. A case study of the Auckland, New Zealand, PT system is described for assessing the methodology developed. The results show a 4.7% reduction in total passenger travel time and a more than 150% increase in direct transfers. The best impressive results are attained under short headway operations.     

A fuel tankering model applied to a domestic airline network

This paper presents a linear programming model designed to determine the optimum fuel loading quantities along a route network for a Brazilian domestic airline. Assuming that there are no volume purchase or storage capacity restrictions on each station, the analysis is carried out for one aircraft on one day of its schedule. Results are extrapolated for a monthly and yearly basis. Through the proposed model, it is seen that such a fuel tankering technique leads to a 5% economical saving, but produces a 1% additional fuel burn. A discussion on the environmental impact for this procedure is also proposed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对经营性公路养护内业管理的探讨

随着我国经营性公路的范围不断扩大,经营性公路的经营、养护管理工作也日益增多.按照行业管理要求,经营性公路养护内业资料也需进行规范化管理.文章就经营性公路企业有关养护档案管理的要求,从养护内业资料的重要性及现状、养护内业管理系统分析、养护与管理工作以及内业规范化管理等方面提出看法及建议,希望能供公路行业管理者参考.     

以操作技能为核心的高职PLC实训课题的开发研究

实训教学是高职教育中提高学生职业技能和职业素质培养的最重要环节。可编程控制器（PLC）应用技术作为高职机电相关专业的一门重要专业课程,结合其实践性强的课程特点和高职人才培养目标,通过以操作技能为核心的高职PLC实训课题的开发过程的研究,不仅对提高该专业学生的操作技能具有现实意义,同时也是培养符合国家职业标准和企业需求的高素质技术技能型人才队伍的必要条件。     

舰艇机舱灭火系统特点及应用

文章对油火和电气设备火灾的起因和特点分别进行了分析,总结了舰艇机舱常用灭火装备的功能和优缺点,并在此基础上,从灭火战术的角度分析了舰艇机舱灭火装备的应用.机舱灭火装备的应用应当从硬件资源与舰艇的人力资源有机结合的角度考虑,最大化发挥有限的舰艇灭火资源.     

甚低频可控硅开关功率放大器的仿真研究

介绍了一种甚低频可控硅开关功率放大器,建立了其在临界换流状态时的等效电路模型和非线性数学模型,在OrCAD环境下仿真了等效电路模型,并采用拉氏变换法和微分方程数值分析法求解其非线性数学模型。三种方法都能计算出功放任意点的电流电压值,且结果相符。     

基于故障树的城市轨道交通运营可靠性分析

以预防和减少城市轨道交通运营故障的发生为目的,利用故障树的分析方法,建立了城市轨道交通运营故障树模型,对导致城市轨道交通运营失效的故障进行了定性以及定量分析。定性分析获得了导致城市轨道交通运营失效的所有故障组合,定量分析获得了导致城市轨道交通运营失效的主要故障类型,利用定性定量分析得到的结果,提出了提高城市轨道交通运营可靠性的相关建议,为运营故障的检测以及维修提供方法和依据。     

浅谈如何培养高职物流专业学生的优化意识

在物流管理中许多工作都需要借助于优化理论来解决,但目前许多高职院校由于各种原因而弱化了对物流专业学生优化意识的培养.文中通过对高职院校物流专业培养学生优化意识的重要性进行分析,指出了高职院校物流专业对培养学生优化意识方面所存在的问题,提出了运用运筹学思想培养学生优化意识的相关对策.     

驾驶经验对先进驾驶辅助系统的作用研究

为了探究驾驶经验对先进驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)的影响,招募32名被试开展现场运行测试(FOTs).开发的试验车通过数据同步技术采集车辆运动学信息、道路环境信息和驾驶人操作信息,对采集的数据进行预处理并提取城市快速路数据进行统计分析.试验结果表明:跟车时,ADAS对熟练驾驶人和非熟练驾驶人均有积极影响且对非熟练驾驶人更为显著;制动时,ADAS对非熟练驾驶人有积极影响但对熟练驾驶人有消极影响;接受程度方面,熟练驾驶人对ADAS的接受程度显著高于非熟练驾驶人.本文研究结论为避免ADAS在特定驾驶经验的人群中产生的不利影响提供了数据支撑.     

Optimizing train operational plan in an urban rail corridor based on the maximum headway function

The train operational plan (TOP) plays a crucial role in the efficient and effective operation of an urban rail system. We optimize the train operational plan in a special network layout, an urban rail corridor with one terminal yard, by decomposing it into two sub-problems, i.e., the train departure profile optimization and the rolling stock circulation optimization. The first sub-problem synthetically optimizes frequency setting, timetabling and the rolling stock circulation at the terminal without a yard. The maximum headway function is generated to ensure the service of the train operational plan without considering travel demand, then we present a model to minimize the number of train trips, and design a heuristic algorithm to maximize the train headway. On the basis of a given timetable, the rolling stock circulation optimization only involves the terminal with a yard. We propose a model to minimize the number of trains and yard–station runs, and an algorithm to find the optimal assignment of train-trip pair connections is designed. The computational complexities of the two algorithms are both linear. Finally, a real case study shows that the train operational plan developed by our approach enables a better match of train headway and travel demand, and reduces the operational cost while satisfying the requirement of the level of service.