基于G1法的海外铁路项目风险评价方法研究

为了提高海外铁路项目风险评估和项目管理水平,解决"一带一路"倡议下铁路"走出去"的技术难题,建立了海外铁路项目风险评价指标体系和多级评价模型.首先,根据层次分析法的原理,按照项目风险来源性质的不同,建立了由5个1级指标和15个2级指标组成的海外铁路项目风险评价指标体系;其次,利用G1法对专家关于指标重要程度的排序意见进...     

考虑财政补贴的电动公交车队置换优化模型

为解决公交车队置换问题,分析财政补贴政策对公交车队电动化的影响,本文考虑财政补贴、温室气体排放水平等因素,以公交车队生命周期成本最小为优化目标,建立公交车队置换的混合整数规划模型,使用CPLEX软件求解模型,获得最优精确解.以2017年北京市19路公交车队为算例进行计算,得出最优的车辆购置方案、充电桩购置方案、车辆淘汰...     

大跨径连续梁实桥构件刚度模态识别方法

提出一种利用低阶测试模态对桥梁构件抗弯刚度进行有限权量平差的最小二乘解识别方法。通过对主跨110m的广州大桥主桥3跨变截面连续箱梁实桥梁体抗弯刚度进行数值模拟识别及结合桥梁现场动静载试验进行识别结果,表明此方法利用现有的测试技术对大跨径连续梁桥进行抗弯刚度识别误差是常规最小二乘解识别误差的1/8～1/10,识别精度得到了极大的改善。     

试论全寿命分析法在路面设计中的应用

全寿命设计方法是一项较新的设计理念,将其用于路面设计目前为止还不多。讨论了美国相关法案(Pave- ment Division Interim Technical Bulletin)中的路面全寿命分析(LCCA)方法,并基于该思路提出了路面全寿命设计方法,试图建立全寿命路面设计的初步体系。     

Tool Wear Prediction in Micro-end-milling with Hard Material

The applications of micro-machining have increased drastically in the last ten years. However, tools with less than 1mm diameter using for micro-mills have very short and unpredictable life when they are used to cut hard metals. In this study, preliminary design of experiment (DOE) test program was conducted to investigate and identify the factors affecting tool wear at the micro-scale with hard material. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Taguchi method were efficient to determine appropriate cutting condition and the effect of parameters. A simple model was also developed to predict the width of slots on the workpiece along the cutting length. The obtained results can provide the basic guidelines for parameter setting of micro-end-milling with hard material.     

Regularization Method to the Parameter Identification of Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient and Properties during Casting Solidification

The accurate material physical properties, initial and boundary conditions are indispensable to the numerical simulation in the casting process, and they are related to the simulation accuracy directly. The inverse heat conduction method can be used to identify the mentioned above parameters based on the temperature measurement data. This paper presented a new inverse method according to Tikhonov regularization theory. A regularization functional was established and the regularization parameter was deduced, the Newton-Raphson iteration method was used to solve the equations. One detailed case was solved to identify the thermal conductivity and specific heat of sand mold and interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) at the meantime. This indicates that the regularization method is very efficient in decreasing the sensitivity to the temperature measurement data, overcoming the ill-posedness of the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) and improving the stability and accuracy of the results. As a general inverse method, it can be used to identify not only the material physical properties but also the initial and boundary conditions' parameters.     

Design for Two-degree-of-freedom PID Regulator Based on Improved Generalized Extremal Optimization Algorithm

A kind of new design method for two-degree-of-freedom(2DOF)PID regulator was presented,in which,a new global search heuristic--improved generalized extremal optimization(GEO)algorithm is applied to the parameter optimization design of 2DOF PID regulator.The simulated results show that very good dynamic response performance of both command tracking and disturbance rejection characteristics can be achieved simultaneously.At the same time,the comparisons of simulation results with the improved GA,the basic GEO and the improved GEO were given.From the comparisons,it is shown that the improved GEO algorithm is competitive in performance with the GA and basic GEO and is an attractive tool to be used in the design of two-degree-of-freedom PID regulator.     

浅谈建筑施工企业工程造价控制的若干方法

对建筑施工企业而言,建设工程项目的成本直接关系到项目的成败,关系到建筑施工企业的发展,同时也是工程竞标的主要因素。阐述了建筑施工企业工程造价控制的一些做法,诸如:合理预测工程项目的成本,抓好工程实施阶段的成本控制和做好工程实施阶段实质性管理工作。由此实现施工管理效益最大化。     

HSP声波反射法在地质超前预报中的应用

隧道超前预报是近年来颇受工程界和地质界人士关注的课题,方法很多,实践也比较丰富,声波反射法便是其中之一。从声波反射原理、工作状况和实际工程应用等方面,阐述HSP声波测试在隧道开挖中的应用价值和意义。     

漫谈矿山法隧道技术第七讲——纤维混凝土衬砌

目前国际上纤维混凝土衬砌有代替钢筋混凝土衬砌的趋势,而我国在这方面的研究力度不够,亟待加强。1）介绍日本采用钢纤维混凝土、聚丙烯纤维混凝土和素混凝土进行的纤维混凝土承载特性试验的试验组合、加载方法及试验结果。2）介绍日本的非钢纤维混凝土衬砌配比试验,试验采用PP、PVA和PET 3种非钢纤维,采用不同混入率及不同的配比组合进行;试验结果是抗压强度因基本配比的不同而有差异,其顺序为“低发热配比”＜“标准配比”＜“高流动性配比”;弯曲韧性与纤维种类无关,为提高弯曲韧性,增加纤维混入率是最有效的。3）从纤维混凝土材料的品质管理基准、配比、纤维混入的决定方法、纤维混凝土基准试验的项目及频率、标准配比的决定方法、日常管理试验的项目及频率、施工、非钢纤维品质规格、隧道衬砌用非钢纤维均一性确认试验、衬砌纤维混凝土模拟浇筑试验等方面阐述纤维混凝土衬砌的施工管理要领。4）最后指出,在易于发生较大变形的围岩,如膨胀性围岩、挤压性围岩以及土砂围岩等软弱围岩,需要二次衬砌发挥力学功能的场合,采用纤维混凝土衬砌是合适的选择。纤维混凝土衬砌需要研究解决的问题很多,如纤维类型的选定、纤维混入率的决定以及确保纤维混凝土衬砌品质的施工工艺等。若有可能,选定一二座隧道进行试验施工,以推进纤维混凝土衬砌的应用。