窄轨机车车体的结构优化研究

本文应用结构优化软件 MCADS,对某米轨机车车体结构进行了优化设计,在满足强度和刚度的条件下,减轻重量14.6%.     

超声法检测码头结构性裂缝的局限性

通过对某高桩码头横梁裂缝深度的超声检测、骑缝取芯验证,说明对于活荷载引起的结构性裂缝,由于卸载后裂缝重新闭合,超声法检测存在局限性。试验表明,对结构加载后再作超声检测,则效果显著。     

一种三角形网格自动生成技术

在研究总结目前流行的三角形网格自动生成法的基础上,提出前沿生成与Delaunay三角化组合起来的三角形自动生成方法。该方法解决了Delaunay法中离散点域的构造问题,不会产生重合点,不用进行点集排序和坏点剔除,同时避免了前沿生成法中过多的校验。该法计算效率高,对复杂边界适应性好,可实现三角形尺度的渐变过渡。应用该方法成功进行了三峡电站日调节数学模型计算域的自动剖分。     

三维高次等参元退化单元在有限元中的应用

介绍了高次等参元退化单元常见型式及其在有限元分析中的应用，具体讨论了节点退化和形状退化情况下单元节点插值形函数的构造和修改，研究了混合单元的有限元求解流程，并编写了相关的求解程序，通过具体算例比较了混合单元与全六面体等参元网格的计算情况，结果表明三维高次等参单元及其退化单元的混合应用不仅可以适应较为复杂的空间实体计算网格，而且还能满足精度上的要求，具有重要的工程意义。     

K型、双K型圆管相贯节点极限承载力的非线性有限元分析

利用非线性分析的有限元方法对K型和双K型圆管相贯节点进行了数值计算，揭示了节点极限承载力随各几何参数的变化规律及主管作用荷载对节点极限承载力的影响，分别绘制出各影响参数的载荷一位移曲线，并将分析结果和钢结构标准GB50017—2003进行了比较，所得结论供工程设计参考应用。     

A design methodology for mechatronic vehicles: application of multidisciplinary optimization,multibody dynamics and genetic algorithms

A design methodology for mechatronic vehicles is presented. With multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) methods, strongly coupled mechanical, control and other subsystems are integrated as a synergistic vehicle system. With genetic algorithms (GAs) at the system level, the mechanical, control and other relevant parameters can be optimized simultaneously. To demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed design methodology for mechatronic vehicles, it is used to resolve the conflicting requirements for ride comfort, suspension working spaces and unsprung mass dynamic loads in the optimization of half-vehicle models with active suspensions. Both deterministic and random road excitations, both rigid and flexible vehicle bodies and both perfect measurement of full state variables and estimated limited state variables are considered. Numerical results show that the optimized vehicle systems based on the methodology have better overall performance than those using the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller. It is shown that the methodology is suitable for complex design optimization problems where: (1) there is interaction between different disciplines or subsystems; (2) there are multiple design criteria; (3) there are multiple local optima; (4) there is no need for sensitivity analysis for the optimizer at the system level; and (5) there are multiple design variables.     

Wear simulation for the centre plate arrangement of a freight car

The bodies of many railway freight cars in many countries of the world are coupled to the running gear by means of a body centre plate that makes a friction pair with a centre bowl. During motion, the bogie is rotated and moved with respect to the car body. This leads to wear on the contact surfaces. Lubrication is inexpedient in this case because the friction forces damp the vibrations (so-called bogie hunting) during motion. Usually, centre plates exhibit noticeable wear after two years of operation. Reducing wear requires knowing details of the wear process which, in turn, requires computer simulation of freight car motion for an operation period of 10–15 years. The purpose of this paper is to develop a universal method for wear simulation of friction pairs that could be used, in particular, for the centre plate of a freight car.     

考虑疲劳强度和减轻质量的转向架构架设计

用有限元法对各种载荷工况下的转向架构架进行了疲劳分析,利用人工神经网络和遗传算法最大程度地减轻了转向架构架的质量.     

CRH3动车组单车隧道压力波特性估算

采用国内研制的高速列车通过隧道时压力波计算程序,模拟了特定隧道条件下CRH3动车组单车隧道压力波的基本特性,给出了隧道内、车头车尾处的压力波分布情况,以及对应车内处3 s内最大压差值等随车速变化的规律。同时,比较了动车组在德国和我国隧道条件下压力波的异同点。     

基于自适应粒子群算法的隧道窑温度模糊控制策略

针对隧道窑燃烧过程中的大惯性、纯滞后、多变量、时变参数以及工作机理复杂等特征,利用清晰集构造模糊集法确定模糊控制器输入量和输出量的隶属函数,并基于自适应粒子群算法给出了隧道窑新的温度模糊控制策略。运用模糊控制系统对隧道窑温度进行仿真研究和实时控制,结果表明,该模糊控制器能够克服许多干扰因素,具有良好的控制效果。