随机条件下固定公交线路服务频率优化模型

在考虑客流需求波动及车辆运行时间随机变动的情况下,建立了以乘客候车期望和公交车辆利用率总体最优为目标的公交线路服务频率优化模型.利用蒙特卡罗方法随机模拟一条高频线路的公交服务,计算得到了给定线路参数下的最优服务频率.算例表明该模型可用来确定高频服务公交线路的发车时间间隔.     

交通信息对驾驶员逐日路径选择行为影响研究

在无信息、发布历史信息和发布预测信息3种信息条件下,分别建立了驾驶员的路径理解行程时间期望值的更新模型.通过建立一个含有2条平行路径的简单路网,对3种交通信息条件下驾驶员逐日路径选择进行了仿真,结果表明:交通信息对驾驶员的作用与驾驶员路径选择的随机程度和对信息依赖程度有关;在3种交通信息条件下,路网均不能达到用户均衡平衡状态;交通信息的预测方法不同,预测信息对驾驶员路径选择的影响有差异.     

A path-based flow formulation for the traffic assignment problem

In order to improve cooperation between traffic management and travelers, traffic assignment is the key component to achieve the objectives of both traffic management and route choice decisions for travelers. Traffic assignment can be classified into two models based on the behavioral assumptions governing route choices: User Equilibrium (UE) and System Optimum (SO) traffic assignment. According to UE and SO traffic assignment, travelers usually compete to choose the least cost routes to minimize their own travel costs, while SO traffic assignment requires travelers to work cooperatively to minimize overall cost in the road network. Thus, the paradox of benefits between UE and SO indicates that both are not practical. Thus, a solution technique needs to be proposed to balance UE and SO models, which can compromise both sides and give more feasible traffic assignments. In this paper, Stackelberg game theory is introduced to the traffic assignment problem, which can achieve the trade-off process between traffic management and travelers. Since traditional traffic assignments have low convergence rates, the gradient projection algorithm is proposed to improve efficiency.     

学院教职工付酬方案的最优化控制系统

利用线性优化理论和教学建模方法，对学院教职工最优化付酬方案进行了研究了最优化分配教职工报酬的控制模型，为主管部门提供了强有力的参考。     

基于地质条件下的公路选线设计探讨

公路选线要受自然条件、技术标准、国家政策、社会环境、道路美学、民族风俗习惯等因素的制约,其中自然条件主要表现为地形、地质等.公路选线时应进行深入调查研究,查明特殊地区和不良地质地段的分布范围、类型、规模及发生、发展的原因和规律,灵活运用选线原则和掌握选线要点.     

A theoretical foundation for the relationship between generalized origin–destination matrix and flow matrix based on ordinal graph trajectories

This paper shows the relationship between flow, generalized origin–destination (OD), and alternative route flow from a set of ordinal graph trajectories. In contrast to traffic assignment methods that employ OD matrix to produce flow matrix, we use ordinal trajectory on a network graph as input and produce both the generalized OD matrix and the flow matrix, with the alternative and substitute route flow matrices as additional outputs. By using linear algebra‐like operations on matrix sets, the relationship between network utilization (in terms of flow, generalized OD, alternative route flow, and desire line) and network structure (in terms of distance matrix and adjacency matrix) are derived. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Incorporating Driver Behaviors in Network Design Problems: Challenges and Opportunities

The goal of a network design problem (NDP) is to make optimal decisions to achieve a certain objective such as minimizing total travel time or maximizing tolls collected in the network. A critical component to NDP is how travelers make their route choices. Researchers in transportation have adopted human decision theories to describe more accurate route choice behaviors. In this paper, we review the NDP with various route choice models: the random utility model (RUM), random regret-minimization (RRM) model, bounded rationality (BR), cumulative prospect theory (CPT), the fuzzy logic model (FLM) and dynamic learning models. Moreover, we identify challenges in applying behavioral route choice models to NDP and opportunities for future research.     

Adapt-Traf: An adaptive multiagent road traffic management system based on hybrid ant-hierarchical fuzzy model

Usually, road networks are characterized by their great dynamics including different entities in interactions. This leads to more complex road traffic management. This paper proposes an adaptive multiagent system based on the ant colony behavior and the hierarchical fuzzy model. This system allows adjusting efficiently the road traffic according to the real-time changes in road networks by the integration of an adaptive vehicle route guidance system. The proposed system is implemented and simulated under a multiagent platform in order to discuss the improvement of the global road traffic quality in terms of time, fluidity and adaptivity.     

客运专线无砟轨道施工平面控制网优化设计

研究目的:本文通过对客运专线无砟轨道施工平面控制网设计的研究,提出平面控制网的布网方法、精度设计准则。研究方法:采用仿真实验的方法,通过误差理论分析,反演推算各级控制网精度,研究控制网的布网方法和精度设计准则。研究结果:提出了客运专线无砟轨道平面控制网的布网方法及精度设计准则。研究结论:客运专线无砟轨道施工平面控制网的坐标投影长度变形限定值应不大于10 mm/km;控制网沿线路应不大于5 km布设1对相距1 km左右且相互通视的GPS点,在GPS点之间布设近似直伸附和导线,导线边长400~600 m;任意3个相邻控制基桩点位误差引起的角度中误差应不大于8″。     

货车组合式制动梁梁体的优化设计

依据货车组合式制动梁在车辆上出现的失效方式,以L-C组合式制动梁为例,提出等寿命原则作为制动梁梁体的最优设计控制律的方案,得出撑杆端头处的过载荷是制动梁失效的主要因素。提出利用前、后段的拉压应变以及降低撑杆刚度来改善制动梁体的受力分布,并提出了通过调整支柱的长度来合理地提高制动梁体在非工作状态时的预应力,借以改善制动梁各部件在工作状态时的交变疲劳应力对梁体各部件的受力状况,进而提高货车组合式制动梁整体的使用寿命。文中给出了整定梁体各部件关键尺寸的计算步骤和设计方法。