燃气轮机燃烧室点火特性

通过数值计算方法研究火核半径、点火能量以及点火持续时间的耦合作用对燃烧室点火特性的影响。研究表明:导致点火失败的原因有3个,即点火功率不足、点火持续时间不足以及火核半径太小。当点火功率较小时,可以通过延长点火持续时间的方法使点火成功,但是当点火功率低于最低值时,无论如何延长点火时间,点火都是失败的;当点火持续时间较小时,可以通过提高点火功率做补偿,以保证点火成功,但是当点火持续时间低于最低值时,无论如何提高点火功率,点火都是失败的;当火核半径较小时,要想保证点火成功,必须延长点火时间,但是当火核半径低于最低值时,无论如何延长点火时间或提高点火功率,点火都是失败的。     

半潜坐底式海上风电安装船设计与开发

适用于海上浅水区域作业的半潜坐底式海上风电安装船具有安全性好、施工效率高和成本低等特点,其设计的特殊性在于需要考虑海流冲蚀泥沙导致的坐底面积丧失。以开发的一艘典型实船为例,阐述主要功能,提出坐底稳定性应考虑的两种工况,采用有限元计算对坐底工况结构强度进行校核,对在软泥和粉砂两种地质条件下进行作业给出应对措施,可为同类型船的设计提供一定技术参考。     

海上风电运维船小型化波浪补偿登乘栈桥设计

针对海上风电机组运维需求,设计海上风电运维船的小型化波浪补偿登乘栈桥。进行登乘栈桥的总体设计、力学分析和软件设计,并对登乘栈桥的三维模型进行有限元仿真。仿真结果表明,所进行的设计可满足海上风电运维船的小型化和轻量化要求,保证人员与物料的安全和作业环境的稳定。     

L-M神经网络算法在汽轮发电机组故障诊断中的应用

针对汽轮发电机组的故障诊断,采用Levenberg-Marquardt算法建立多层前向人工神经网络,采用改进算法训练网络,克服了传统BP算法收敛速度慢,易陷入局部最小的缺陷.就BP网络的不足,提出了一种改进的BP神经网络模型,并使用L-M算法用于汽轮发电机组故障的诊断.经理论和实践证明:该方法有效地提高了故障诊断的精度和可靠度,为旋转机械故障诊断提供了有效方法.     

跨声速轴流涡轮特性预估方法

[目的]在高亚声速和跨声速下,轴流涡轮静叶喉部出现跨声速气流,三维研究时间周期长且获取特性参数慢,为此,提出一套行之有效的涡轮特性预估方法体系.[方法]整合已有的损失模型及采用一维编程的方式预估涡轮特性,并通过三维数值模拟进行验证.[结果]研究结果显示,一维特性评估得到的级等熵滞止温比与三维的相对误差为11.53％,级...     

Modeling a high output marine steam generator feedwater control system which uses parallel turbine-driven feed pumps

Parallel turbine-driven feedwater pumps are needed when ships travel at high speed. In order to study marine steam generator feedwater control systems which use parallel turbine-driven feed pumps, a mathematical model of marine steam generator feedwater control system was developed which includes mathematical models of two steam generators and parallel turbine-driven feed pumps as well as mathematical models of feedwater pipes and feed regulating valves. The operating condition points of the parallel ttu-bine-driven feed pumps were calculated by the Chebyshev curve fit method. A water level controller for the steam generator and a rotary speed controller for the turbine-driven feed pumps were also included in the model. The accuracy of the mathematical models and their controllers was verified by comparing their results with those from a simulator.     

Bottom effects on the tower base shear forces and bending moments of a shallow water offshore wind turbine

In this paper the tower base shear forces and bending moments of a shallow water offshore wind turbine have been rigorously calculated by using a nonlinear simulation method taking into account the bottom effects. It has been found that nonlinearly simulated realistic waves with bottom effects should be used as inputs in the stochastic time domain simulation in order to design an un-conservative support structure for the offshore wind turbine. In order to further improve the simulation efficiency, a transformed linear simulation method has been utilized in this paper for generating equivalent waves as those obtained from the nonlinear simulation method. The accuracy and efficiency of the transformed linear simulation method have been convincingly substantiated through the subsequent calculation examples in this article.     

A procedure for predicting the permanent rotation of monopiles in sand supporting offshore wind turbines

Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines (OWTs) are designed following the limit state philosophy. One of the considered states is the Serviceability Limit State (SLS), which verifies that the permanent rotation of the foundation generated from accumulated strains in the soil is below a project specific criterion. Despite design codes requiring an estimation of the permanent rotation, there is not clear guidance on how to implement this. This paper describes a methodology to estimate the monopile permanent rotation for SLS and discusses its advantages and limitations. The methodology combines an accumulation method with results from 3D Finite Element Analyses (FEA) and a soil model that accounts for strain accumulation as a function of the number of cycles, relative density and load characteristics. The performance of the proposed methodology is compared against experimental centrifuge tests and results from advanced 3D FEA, indicating that it can predict the permanent rotation with satisfactory accuracy, and with a considerable reduction in computational effort. This is important for the design of OWTs, where different load histories might be required to be checked – often under tight time constraints – to find which load history leads to the largest permanent rotation, and therefore is more critical to SLS design.     

Dynamic responses analysis of a 5 MW spar-type floating wind turbine under accidental ship-impact scenario

Ship impact against offshore floating wind turbine (OFWT) has been identified as one of the major hazards with the development of OFWTs. The dynamic responses of OFWTs under ship impact should be taken into consideration during the design phase. This paper addresses a study on the dynamic responses of an OFWT in ship collision scenarios. Firstly, a mathematical model for external mechanism of ship-OFWT collision scenario is developed. Secondly, this model is combined with an in-house programme, DARwind, which can be used to predict nonlinear dynamic responses of whole OFWT system in time-domain. With the newly combined analysis tool, simulation cases for different scenarios are conducted to investigate the nonlinear dynamic responses of OFWT system, including the cases of still water condition, wave-only condition and wind-wave condition. It is shown that in still water condition, the ship impact will more obviously change the responses of motions and mooring system, compared with those in wave and wave-wind conditions. In the wave-only condition, these motions responses of platform are suppressed by wave effect, but the tower vibration and tower top deformation are sensitive to ship collision. For the wave-wind combined condition, the motions increment in surge and pitch due to ship collision becomes smaller than that of wave-only condition, but yaw motion has a considerable variation compared with those of the other two conditions. Additionally, the blade tip deformation increment due to ship collision are analyzed and it is found that the edgewise tip deformation got more obvious increment than that of flapwise. To further asses the safety of OFWT, the acceleration at nacelle are analyzed because some equipment might be sensitive to acceleration. The analysis results indicate that even though the OFWT structure doesn't get critical damage by ship impact, the equipment inside may still fail to work due to the high value of acceleration induced by ship impact. The research outcomes can benefit the safety design of OFWT in the engineering practice.